Primary Ovarian Pregnancy: A Case Report With a Review of the Literature

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) constitutes 1%-2% of all pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the ampulla. Ectopic ovarian pregnancy (EOP) is one of the rare events, with an incidence of 0.5%-3% of all pregnancies. The incidence is higher in intrauterine device users or assisted reproductive techniques. The precise aetiology and pathogenesis of EOP remain elusive. Clinically, EOP mirrors the presentation of tubal pregnancy or a ruptured luteal cyst, often leading to life-threatening hypovolemic shock. Transvaginal sonography is the primary diagnostic tool. Still pinpointing the exact location early on poses challenges, and it's usually misinterpreted as a tubo-ovarian mass, hemorrhagic cyst, or luteal cyst. Furthermore, while a suboptimal rise in serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels may indicate pregnancy, it doesn't definitively confirm EOP. Only histopathological examination offers a conclusive diagnosis. This paper discusses an EOP case in a young woman who experienced five months of amenorrhea and exhibited no traditional risk factors, underscoring the significant challenges inherent in preoperative diagnosis.

Abnormal Presentation of Severe Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia can be a life-threatening condition. Our patient presented alert and oriented, with bilateral upper and lower extremity weakness and gastrointestinal concerns. Labs demonstrated significant hyponatremia at 103 mEq/L, which is inconsistent with her lack of neurological symptoms. It is very rare to have such severe hyponatremia without altered mentation, seizures, or coma. Careful correction of sodium must be completed, and if it is done too quickly, there is a risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome. This makes hyponatremia and its treatment of the utmost importance.

[The organization of medical nurse support of patients of elderly age in geriatric practice]

In recent years, the concept of nursing process has been actively introduced. It is especially important in geriatric practice, where the issues of nursing support prevail over those in the young and middle age. There are forms of organization of care, where it is the average medical staff is leading in the provision of medical care (hospices, nursing care hospitals, homes for the elderly, etc.). In these conditions, the responsibility of nurses in making and implementing medical decisions in the event of emergency conditions increases.