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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring tumor disease worldwide. Breast cancer is currently managed by conventional chemotherapy, which is inadequate in curbing this heterogeneous disease and results in off-site toxic effects, suggesting effective treatment approaches with better therapeutic profiles are needed. This review, therefore, focuses on the recent advancements in delivering therapeutics to the target site using passive and/or active targeted nanodrug-delivery systems to ameliorate endolysosomal escape. In addition, recent strategies in targeting breast cancer stem cells are discussed. The role of naturally cell-secreted nanovesicles (exosomes) in the management of triple-negative breast cancer is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Yub Raj Neupane
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117559
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.,Lloyd Institute of Management & Technology (Pharm.), Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, 201308, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Smolková B, MacCulloch T, Rockwood TF, Liu M, Henry SJW, Frtús A, Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Hof M, Jurkiewicz P, Dejneka A, Stephanopoulos N, Lunov O. Protein Corona Inhibits Endosomal Escape of Functionalized DNA Nanostructures in Living Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:46375-46390. [PMID: 34569777 PMCID: PMC9590277 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures (DNs) can be designed in a controlled and programmable manner, and these structures are increasingly used in a variety of biomedical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic agents. When exposed to biological liquids, most nanomaterials become covered by a protein corona, which in turn modulates their cellular uptake and the biological response they elicit. However, the interplay between living cells and designed DNs are still not well established. Namely, there are very limited studies that assess protein corona impact on DN biological activity. Here, we analyzed the uptake of functionalized DNs in three distinct hepatic cell lines. Our analysis indicates that cellular uptake is linearly dependent on the cell size. Further, we show that the protein corona determines the endolysosomal vesicle escape efficiency of DNs coated with an endosome escape peptide. Our study offers an important basis for future optimization of DNs as delivery systems for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Tara MacCulloch
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tyler F Rockwood
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Minghui Liu
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Skylar J W Henry
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Adam Frtús
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague 14021, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Jurkiewicz
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18223, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 18221, Czech Republic
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Homsirikamol C, Suvanasuthi S, Viravaidya-Pasuwat K. Inclusion of IR-820 into Soybean-Phosphatides-Based Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared-Triggered Release and Endolysosomal Escape in HaCaT Keratinocytes at Insignificant Cytotoxic Level. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:8717-8737. [PMID: 33192063 PMCID: PMC7654534 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The degradation of drugs within endolysosomes has been widely addressed as a cause of poor bioavailability. One of the strategies to allow molecules to escape from a destructive fate is to introduce a photosensitizing moiety into a drug carrier enabling the permeabilization of endosomes and endolysosomes upon irradiation. This paper presents an alternative delivery nanosystem composed of cost-effective soybean phosphatides mixed with IR-820, a near-infrared (NIR) sensitizer, to load various active compounds and trigger an endolysosomal escape with a low cytotoxic effect. METHODS IR-820-incorporated phosphatides-based nanoparticles were formulated using a thin-film hydration method to encapsulate different molecular probes and a drug model. The nanoparticles were characterized in vitro using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, as well as ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. The NIR-corresponding generation of the photochemical products, the content release, and the cytotoxicity toward the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line were evaluated. The cellular internalization and endolysosomal escape were monitored using a cytochemical marker and fluorescent probes with a colocalization analysis. RESULTS The IR-820-combined nanoparticles revealed the NIR-triggered changes in the singlet oxygen presence, nanoparticle architecture, and release rate without being cytotoxic. Additionally, the nanoplatform appeared to enhance cellular uptake of the macromolecules. The localization of the cytochemical marker and the colocalization analysis on the fluorescence signals of the encapsulated fluorophore and the lysosome-labeling reporter implied the transient endolysosomal escape of the cargo within the HaCaT cells after NIR irradiation. CONCLUSION The inclusion of IR-820 into a soybean-phosphatides base ingredient provides NIR responsiveness, particularly the endolysosomal escape of the payload, to the formulated nanoparticles, while preserving the beneficial properties as a drug carrier. This alternative delivery nanomedicine system has future potential to provide high bioavailability of cytosolic drugs utilizing time- and spatial-controllable NIR triggerability as well as the synergistic therapeutic effects with NIR-biomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaiyarerk Homsirikamol
- Mammalian Cell Culture Laboratory, Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saroj Suvanasuthi
- Hair Diseases and Hair Transplantation Division, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanchanok Viravaidya-Pasuwat
- Mammalian Cell Culture Laboratory, Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
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Qiu L, Valente M, Dolen Y, Jäger E, Beest MT, Zheng L, Figdor CG, Verdoes M. Endolysosomal-Escape Nanovaccines through Adjuvant-Induced Tumor Antigen Assembly for Enhanced Effector CD8 + T Cell Activation. Small 2018; 14:e1703539. [PMID: 29493121 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The activation of tumor-specific effector immune cells is key for successful immunotherapy and vaccination is a powerful strategy to induce such adaptive immune responses. However, the generation of effective anticancer vaccines is challenging. To overcome these challenges, a novel straight-forward strategy of adjuvant-induced tumor antigen assembly to generate nanovaccines with superior antigen/adjuvant loading efficiency is developed. To protect nanovaccines in circulation and to introduce additional functionalities, a biocompatible polyphenol coating is installed. The resulting functionalizable nanovaccines are equipped with a pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) to facilitate endolysosomal escape and to promote cytoplasmic localization, with the aim to enhance cross-presentation of the antigen by dendritic cells to effectively activate CD8+ T cell. The results demonstrate that pHLIP-functionalized model nanovaccine can induce endolysosomal escape and enhance CD8+ T cell activation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, based on the adjuvant-induced antigen assembly, nanovaccines of the clinically relevant tumor-associated antigen NY-ESO-1 are generated and show excellent capacity to elicit NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cell activation, demonstrating a high potential of this functionalizable nanovaccine formulation strategy for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qiu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Valente
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yusuf Dolen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eliezer Jäger
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Liyan Zheng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Fernando LP, Lewis JS, Evans BC, Duvall CL, Keselowsky BG. Formulation and characterization of poly(propylacrylic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) blend microparticles for pH-dependent membrane disruption and cytosolic delivery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:1022-1033. [PMID: 29164777 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is widely used as a vehicle for delivery of pharmaceutically relevant payloads. PLGA is readily fabricated as a nano- or microparticle (MP) matrix to load both hydrophobic and hydrophilic small molecular drugs as well as biomacromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins. However, targeting such payloads to the cell cytosol is often limited by MP entrapment and degradation within acidic endolysosomes. Poly(propylacrylic acid) (PPAA) is a polyelectrolyte polymer with the membrane disruptive capability triggered at low pH. PPAA has been previously formulated in various carrier configurations to enable cytosolic payload delivery, but requires sophisticated carrier design. Taking advantage of PPAA functionality, we have incorporated PPAA into PLGA MPs as a simple polymer mixture to enhance cytosolic delivery of PLGA-encapsulated payloads. Rhodamine loaded PLGA and PPAA/PLGA blend MPs were prepared by a modified nanoprecipitation method. Incorporation of PPAA into PLGA MPs had little to no effect on the size, shape, or loading efficiency, and evidenced no toxicity in Chinese hamster ovary epithelial cells. Notably, incorporation of PPAA into PLGA MPs enabled pH-dependent membrane disruption in a hemolysis assay, and a three-fold increased endosomal escape and cytosolic delivery in dendritic cells after 2 h of MP uptake. These results demonstrate that a simple PLGA/PPAA polymer blend is readily fabricated into composite MPs, enabling cytosolic delivery of an encapsulated payload. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1022-1033, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence P Fernando
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California
| | - Brian C Evans
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Luo HC, Li N, Yan L, Mai KJ, Sun K, Wang W, Lao GJ, Yang C, Zhang LM, Ren M. Comparison of the cellular transport mechanism of cationic, star-shaped polymers and liposomes in HaCat cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1085-1096. [PMID: 28223800 PMCID: PMC5304973 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s121450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several biological barriers must be overcome to achieve efficient nonviral gene delivery. These barriers include target cell uptake, lysosomal degradation, and dissociation from the carrier. In this study, we compared the differences in the uptake mechanism of cationic, star-shaped polymer/MMP-9siRNA complexes (β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9siRNA complexes: polyplexes) and commercial liposome/MMP-9siRNA complexes (Lipofectamine® 2000/MMP-9siRNA complexes: liposomes). The uptake pathway and transfection efficiency of the polyplexes and liposomes were determined by fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The occurrence of intracellular processing was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Endosomal acidification inhibitors were used to explore the endosomal escape mechanisms of the polyplexes and lysosomes. We concluded that the polyplexes were internalized by non-caveolae- and non-clathrin-mediated pathways, with no lysosomal trafficking, thereby inducing successful transfection, while the majority of liposomes were internalized by clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE), caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and macropinocytosis, and only CDE induced successful transfection. Liposomes might escape more quickly than polyplexes, and the digestion effect of acidic organelles on liposomes was faint compared to the polyplexes, although both complexes escaped from endolysosomes via the proton sponge mechanism. This may be the key aspect that leads to the lower transfection efficiency of the β-CD-(D3)7/MMP-9siRNA complexes. The present study may offer some insights for the rational design of novel delivery systems with increased transfection efficiency but decreased toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Cong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Jin Mai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Juan Lao
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yang D, Wang T, Su Z, Xue L, Mo R, Zhang C. Reversing Cancer Multidrug Resistance in Xenograft Models via Orchestrating Multiple Actions of Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:22431-22441. [PMID: 27420116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A multistimuli responsive drug delivery system (DDS) based on sulfhydryl and amino-cofunctionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SH/NH2-MSNs) has been developed, in which the multifunctional hyaluronic acid (HA) derivatives were grafted onto the SH/NH2-MSNs by disulfide bonds for targeting delivery, controlling drug release and reversing multidrug resistance (MDR). The doxorubicin (Dox) loaded multifunctional HA derivatives modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Dox/HHS-MSNs) were enzyme and redox sensitive, which could respond to the intracellular stimuli of hyaluronidase (HAase) and glutathione (GSH) successively and prevent drug leakage before reaching the tumor tissues. The cellular uptake experiments showed that Dox/HHS-MSNs were vulnerable to be endocytosed into the Dox-resistant human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7/ADR) cells, efficiently realized the endolysosomal escape and remained in the cytoplasm. Because of orchestrating multiple actions above including active targeting, endolysosomal escape and efficient multilevel drug release, Dox/HHS-MSNs could induce the strongest apoptosis and cytotoxicity of MCF-7/ADR cells. Furthermore, a series of in vivo studies on MCF-7/ADR tumor-bearing xenograft mouse models demonstrated that Dox/HHS-MSNs possessed the enhanced tumor-targeting capacity and the best therapeutic efficacy to reverse cancer MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhigui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingjing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
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