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Kang B, Mottamal M, Zhong Q, Bratton M, Zhang C, Guo S, Hossain A, Ma P, Zhang Q, Wang G, Payton-Stewart F. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Niclosamide Analogs as Therapeutic Agents for Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:735. [PMID: 37242518 PMCID: PMC10222209 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide effectively downregulates androgen receptor variants (AR-Vs) for treating enzalutamide and abiraterone-resistant prostate cancer. However, the poor pharmaceutical properties of niclosamide due to its solubility and metabolic instability have limited its clinical utility as a systemic treatment for cancer. A novel series of niclosamide analogs was prepared to systematically explore the structure-activity relationship and identify active AR-Vs inhibitors with improved pharmaceutical properties based on the backbone chemical structure of niclosamide. Compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity and downregulation of AR and AR-V7 in two enzalutamide-resistant cell lines, LNCaP95 and 22RV1. Several of the niclosamide analogs exhibited equivalent or improved anti-proliferation effects in LNCaP95 and 22RV1 cell lines (B9, IC50 LNCaP95 and 22RV1 = 0.130 and 0.0997 μM, respectively), potent AR-V7 down-regulating activity, and improved metabolic stability. In addition, both a traditional structure-activity relationship (SAR) and 3D-QSAR analysis were performed to guide further structural optimization. The presence of two -CF3 groups of the most active B9 in the sterically favorable field and the presence of the -CN group of the least active B7 in the sterically unfavorable field seem to make B9 more potent than B7 in the antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Madhusoodanan Mottamal
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Qiu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Melyssa Bratton
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Changde Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Ahamed Hossain
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Peng Ma
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
| | - Florastina Payton-Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (B.K.); (M.M.); (Q.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.G.); (Q.Z.)
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA; (M.B.); (A.H.); (P.M.)
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de Morrée E, van Soest R, Aghai A, de Ridder C, de Bruijn P, Ghobadi Moghaddam-Helmantel I, Burger H, Mathijssen R, Wiemer E, de Wit R, van Weerden W. Understanding taxanes in prostate cancer; importance of intratumoral drug accumulation. Prostate 2016; 76:927-36. [PMID: 26997363 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to docetaxel is common in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and may be caused by sub-therapeutic intratumoral drug concentrations. Cabazitaxel demonstrated survival benefit in docetaxel-pretreated and docetaxel-refractory patients. In this study, we investigated whether the superior antitumor activity of cabazitaxel in mCRPC is explained by higher intratumoral cabazitaxel levels. Since recent studies suggest a reduced efficacy of docetaxel following treatment with novel androgen receptor (AR)-targeted agents, we also investigated taxane efficacy in an enzalutamide-resistant tumor model. METHODS Intratumoral concentrations of docetaxel and cabazitaxel were correlated with antitumor activity in docetaxel-naïve, docetaxel-resistant, and enzalutamide-resistant patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of prostate cancer. RESULTS Intratumoral drug levels were negatively related to intrinsic and acquired resistance to docetaxel. Also, the observed stronger antitumor activity of cabazitaxel was associated with increased cumulative exposure and higher intratumoral of cabazitaxel concentrations in all PDXs. CONCLUSIONS The superior antitumor activity of cabazitaxel in docetaxel- and enzalutamide-resistant tumors can be partly attributed to higher intratumoral drug concentrations. Especially for patients who are intrinsically resistant to docetaxel resulting from suboptimal intratumoral docetaxel concentrations, cabazitaxel may be the preferred chemotherapeutic agent. Prostate 76:927-936, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen de Morrée
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert van Soest
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ashraf Aghai
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina de Ridder
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter de Bruijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Herman Burger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Wiemer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald de Wit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wytske van Weerden
- Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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