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Wu K, Li Y, Li Z, Zhou Z, Ge X, Li Y, Han X, Chen P, Ren K. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with apatinib and camrelizumab for unresectable advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a single-arm, single-center, retrospective study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1143578. [PMID: 37746269 PMCID: PMC10512224 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1143578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with Apatinib and Camrelizumab for treating unresectable advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer. Material and methods In this study, data of patients with unresectable advanced G/GEJ cancer who received TACE combined with Apatinib and Camrelizumab from August 2018 to December 2021 was evaluated. After TACE, patients were given intravenous Camrelizumab 200mg every three weeks and oral apatinib 250mg/day for treatment. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). Results A total of 49 patients were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up time was 14.0 months, and the median OS was 20.0 months (95% CI = 13.6-26.4). Two patients (4.08%) achieved complete remission, 28 patients (57.14%) achieved partial remission, 18 patients (36.73%) had stable disease, and 1 patient (2.04%) had disease progression. The ORR was 61.22%, and the DCR was 97.96%. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age (HR 4.74, 95% CI = 1.674-13.440, P=0.003) and multiple distant metastases (HR 20.916, 95% CI = 4.094-106.808, P = 0.001) were independent risk factors for OS. Most AEs were classified as grade 1-2, the most common being RCCEP (69.39%). There were 5 cases of grade 3-4 adverse events (10.20%). No patients discontinued or reduced the treatment dose due to AEs, and all patients received symptomatic treatment. Conclusion TACE combined with Apatinib and Camrelizumab is a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with unresectable advanced G/GEJ cancer, which can significantly improve the median OS and ORR of patients. And the adverse events (AEs) are tolerable and manageable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yahua Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zongming Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zihe Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Ge
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kewei Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Shimozaki K, Nakayama I, Takahari D, Kamiimabeppu D, Osumi H, Wakatsuki T, Ooki A, Ogura M, Shinozaki E, Chin K, Yamaguchi K. A novel clinical prognostic index for patients with advanced gastric cancer: possible contribution to the continuum of care. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100234. [PMID: 34461485 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) prognostic index, consisting of performance status, primary tumor resected, number of metastases, and serum alkaline phosphatase, has been one of the robust prognostic indices for patients with advanced gastric cancer on the basis of which clinical trials have stratified prognosis. Only a few studies, however, have utilized the JCOG prognostic index in daily practice. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on patients with advanced gastric cancer who received first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy at a single institute between 2011 and 2017. Prognostic factors were evaluated using a Cox proportional regression model. Results A total of 608 patients were enrolled. Multivariate analysis showed that performance status ≥1, presence or absence of primary tumor, serum alkaline phosphatase, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥4, and diffuse-type histology were significantly associated with worse prognosis, whereas the number of metastases was not. Although the original prognostic index could not adequately stratify patients into three risk groups, the modified index (good: 0 and 1, moderate: 2 and 3, poor: 4-6), which was established by incorporating diffuse-type histology and high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, demonstrated excellent stratification. The median overall survival of the good (n = 315), moderate (n = 243), and poor (n = 54) risk groups was 20.5, 13.5, and 10.2 months, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.69 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-2.04; good versus moderate] and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.11-2.08; moderate versus poor). This novel index also demonstrated a statistically significant stratification of survival after progression following first-line chemotherapy (good versus moderate: HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.16-1.70; moderate versus poor: HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.45-2.74). Conclusions The modified JCOG prognostic index showed excellent stratification of overall survival in real-world patients, which could also help determine the need for treatment changes throughout the continuum of chemotherapy. The applicability of the JCOG prognostic index in daily practice was investigated for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The JCOG prognostic index could not adequately stratify patients into three risk groups. The modified JCOG prognostic index incorporates diffuse-type histology and high NLR (≥4) into the JCOG prognostic index. The modified JCOG prognostic index showed excellent stratification in terms of overall survival and progression. The modified JCOG prognostic index may help determine the need for treatment changes during first-line chemotherapy in AGC.
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Bai R, Chen N, Liang T, Li L, Lv Z, Lv X, Cui J. Novel Frontiers of Treatment for Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer (GC/GEJC): Will Immunotherapy Be a Future Direction? Front Oncol 2020; 10:912. [PMID: 32793461 PMCID: PMC7386300 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the limited progress of chemotherapy and targeted therapy in improving the generally disappointing outcomes of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC), immunotherapies have been gradually developed and advanced into novel frontiers of treatment for advanced GC/GEJC. Nevertheless, the response to immunotherapy was not always satisfactory, and the emergence of resistance was unavoidable. These factors prompt the development of different combination therapies and predictive and prognostic biomarkers of efficacy to improve the outcomes of patients with advanced GC/GEJC and to overcome drug resistance. This article discusses the advances of immune monotherapy, multiple current and ongoing clinical trials of immune combination therapy, immune-related adverse events, and various biomarkers in GC/GEJC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rilan Bai
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naifei Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomin Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chen C, Zhang F, Zhou N, Gu YM, Zhang YT, He YD, Wang L, Yang LX, Zhao Y, Li YM. Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1581547. [PMID: 31069144 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1581547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown promising prospects in gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer immunotherapy, many clinical trials have been carried out. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ICI in G/GEJ cancer. Methods: The published English articles of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science were searched up to 30/09/2018. The efficacy and safety of ICI were analyzed by meta-analysis. Results: A total of 2003 patients from nine clinical trials were included. Anti-PD-1 treatment improved the 12-month, 18-month overall survival (OS) rate (RR, 1.79 p = 0.013; 2.20 p = 0.011) and prolonged the duration of response (DOR) (MSR, 3.27 p < 0.001). The objective response rate (ORR) in PD-L1+ patients was greater than PD-L1- (RR, 4.31 p < 0.001). Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) patients had higher ORR and disease control rate (DCR) than microsatellite stability (MSS) (RR, 3.40 p< 0.001; 2.26 p= 0.001). The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were fatigue, aspartate aminotransferase increased, hepatitis, pneumonitis, colitis, hypopituitarism. The TRAE incidence of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 was less than chemotherapy (TRAE RR = 0.64 p< 0.001; ≥3 TRAE RR = 0.37 p < 0.001). The incidence of ≥3 TRAEs of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment was less than that of anti-CTLA-4 (11.7% vs 43.9%). Conclusions: ICI treatment could improve some but not all survival endpoints to advanced or metastatic G/GEJ cancer patients suggesting modest benefit and less adverse reactions. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy was more effective to PD-L1+, MSI-H, EBV+, or high tumor mutational burden patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan-Mei Gu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya-Ting Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yi-Di He
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lu-Xi Yang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yu-Min Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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