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Wang Y, Zhu J, Tang Y, Huang C. Association of periodontitis with gastrointestinal tract disorders: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38563552 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases. METHODS Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy. RESULTS With regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036-1.141; adjusted p = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911-0.965; adjusted p = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD. CONCLUSION This MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiakang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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Zhou S, Luo H, Tian Y, Li H, Zeng Y, Wang X, Shan S, Xiong J, Cheng G. Investigating the shared genetic architecture of post-traumatic stress disorder and gastrointestinal tract disorders: a genome-wide cross-trait analysis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7627-7635. [PMID: 37218628 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest a correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders. However, the genetic overlap, causal relationships, and underlining mechanisms between PTSD and GIT disorders were absent. METHODS We obtained genome-wide association study statistics for PTSD (23 212 cases, 151 447 controls), peptic ulcer disease (PUD; 16 666 cases, 439 661 controls), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD; 54 854 cases, 401 473 controls), PUD and/or GORD and/or medications (PGM; 90 175 cases, 366 152 controls), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS; 28 518 cases, 426 803 controls), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; 7045 cases, 449 282 controls). We quantified genetic correlations, identified pleiotropic loci, and performed multi-marker analysis of genomic annotation, fast gene-based association analysis, transcriptome-wide association study analysis, and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. RESULTS PTSD globally correlates with PUD (rg = 0.526, p = 9.355 × 10-7), GORD (rg = 0.398, p = 5.223 × 10-9), PGM (rg = 0.524, p = 1.251 × 10-15), and IBS (rg = 0.419, p = 8.825 × 10-6). Cross-trait meta-analyses identify seven genome-wide significant loci between PTSD and PGM (rs13107325, rs1632855, rs1800628, rs2188100, rs3129953, rs6973700, and rs73154693); three between PTSD and GORD (rs13107325, rs1632855, and rs3132450); one between PTSD and IBS/IBD (rs4937872 and rs114969413, respectively). Proximal pleiotropic genes are mainly enriched in immune response regulatory pathways, and in brain, digestive, and immune systems. Gene-level analyses identify five candidates: ABT1, BTN3A2, HIST1H3J, ZKSCAN4, and ZKSCAN8. We found significant causal effects of GORD, PGM, IBS, and IBD on PTSD. We observed no reverse causality of PTSD with GIT disorders, except for GORD. CONCLUSIONS PTSD and GIT disorders share common genetic architectures. Our work offers insights into the biological mechanisms, and provides genetic basis for translational research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siquan Zhou
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Luo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoqi Li
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxian Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shufang Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Adewuyi EO, O'Brien EK, Porter T, Laws SM. Relationship of Cognition and Alzheimer's Disease with Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders: A Large-Scale Genetic Overlap and Mendelian Randomisation Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36555837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging observational evidence suggests links between cognitive impairment and a range of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying their relationships remain unclear. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association studies’ summary statistics, we comprehensively assessed genetic overlap and potential causality of cognitive traits and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with several GIT disorders. We demonstrate a strong and highly significant inverse global genetic correlation between cognitive traits and GIT disorders—peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastritis-duodenitis, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Further analysis detects 35 significant (p < 4.37 × 10−5) bivariate local genetic correlations between cognitive traits, AD, and GIT disorders (including IBD). Mendelian randomisation analysis suggests a risk-decreasing causality of educational attainment, intelligence, and other cognitive traits on PUD and GERD, but not IBD, and a putative association of GERD with cognitive function decline. Gene-based analysis reveals a significant gene-level genetic overlap of cognitive traits with AD and GIT disorders (IBD inclusive, pbinomial-test = 1.18 × 10−3−2.20 × 10−16). Our study supports the protective roles of genetically-influenced educational attainments and other cognitive traits on the risk of GIT disorders and highlights a putative association of GERD with cognitive function decline. Findings from local genetic correlation analysis provide novel insights, indicating that the relationship of IBD with cognitive traits (and AD) will depend largely on their local effects across the genome.
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Rivoira MA, Rodriguez V, Talamoni G, de Talamoni NT. New Perspectives in the Pharmacological Potential of Naringin in Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1987-2007. [PMID: 32496985 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200604171351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naringin (NAR) is a flavonoid enriched in several medicinal plants and fruits. An increasing interest in this molecule has emerged because it has the potential to contribute to alleviating many health problems. OBJECTIVE This review briefly describes the NAR pharmacokinetics and it mainly focuses on the in vitro and in vivo animal studies showing NAR beneficial effects on cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological and pulmonary disorders and cancer. The anabolic effects of NAR on different models of bone and dental diseases are also analyzed. In addition, the evidence of the NAR action on the gastrointestinal tract is reported as well as its influence on the microbiota composition and activity. Finally, current research on NAR formulations and clinical applications are discussed. METHODS The PubMed database was searched until 2019, using the keywords NAR, naringenin, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, neurological and pulmonary disorders, cancer, bone and dental diseases, gastrointestinal tract, microbiota, NAR formulations, clinical trials. RESULTS The number of studies related to the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of NAR is limited. Positive effects of NAR have been reported on cardiovascular diseases, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome, pulmonary disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and gastrointestinal pathologies. The current NAR formulations seem to improve its bioavailability, which would allow its clinical applications. CONCLUSION NAR is endowed with broad biological effects that could improve human health. Since a scarce number of clinical studies have been performed, the NAR use requires more investigation in order to know better their safety, efficacy, delivery, and bioavailability in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angélica Rivoira
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Canas", Catedra de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Pabellon Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Valeria Rodriguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Canas", Catedra de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Pabellon Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Germán Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Canas", Catedra de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Pabellon Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Canas", Catedra de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Pabellon Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina
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Kumar S, Jakhar KK, Nehra V, Pal M. Pathomorphological and microbiological studies in sheep with special emphasis on gastrointestinal tract disorders. Vet World 2015; 8:1015-20. [PMID: 27047191 PMCID: PMC4774756 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1015-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was envisaged to elucidate the pathomorphological and microbiological aspects of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders of sheep/lambs. Materials and Methods: Samples for research were collected from 12 sheep died with a history of GIT disorders which were brought for post-mortem examination to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, for pathomorphological and microbiological examination. Results: Gross pathological changes in various organs noticed were abomasitis, congestion and hemorrhages in intestine; necrotic foci on liver surface; enlarged, hard, and indurated mesenteric lymph nodes, hydropericardium, congestion, hemorrhages and consolidation of lungs and congestion and soft kidneys as the major change. On histopathological examination, there were abomasitis with leukocyte infiltration, enteritis with desquamation of mucosal epithelium and goblet cell hyperplasia, lymphadenitis with depletion of lymphocytes in the germinal center of lymphoid follicle, and splenitis with depletion of lymphocytes in the white pulp. In the liver congestion, degenerative changes in hepatocytes including cloudy swelling, fatty changes, congestion in sinusoids, and dilatation of sinusoids leading to atrophy of hepatocytes. Lungs evidenced edema, congestion, emphysema, serous inflammation, thickening of interlobular septa, fibrinous pleuritis, and peribronchiolar lymphoid follicle formation. Heart revealed sarcocystosis, fibrinous pericarditis, and hyalinization of the myocardium. In kidneys, congestion, focal interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration, and coagulative necrosis were seen. For microbiological aspects; cultural isolation was done from samples of liver, abomasum, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, heart blood, lungs, and kidneys from the carcasses of sheep/lambs. Escherichia coli was the only bacterium isolated during present studies. E. coli isolates from different tissues of carcasses of sheep/lambs were subjected to in-vitro drug sensitivity testing. Ciprofloxacin, cefixime, polymyxin B, amoxicillin + sulbactam, and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid were the most sensitive drugs followed by amikacin, ofloxacin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and amoxicillin. Conclusions: From the present study, it is reasonable to conclude that the major etiopathological cause of GIT disorders in sheep was E. coli infection, which causes a pathomorphological effect on various cadaver organs viz. abomasum, intestine, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, spleen, kidneys, and heart followed by parasitic infection of Haemonchus contortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvan Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - K K Jakhar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Nehra
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Kumar S, Jakhar KK, Singh S, Potliya S, Kumar K, Pal M. Clinicopathological studies of gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep with parasitic infection. Vet World 2015; 8:29-32. [PMID: 27046991 PMCID: PMC4777806 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.29-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study was envisaged to elucidate the parasitological aspects of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders of sheep. Materials and Methods: Fecal, blood and serum samples collected from 31 sheep/lambs of Sheep Breeding Farm, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar. Results: Of 25 cases, strongyle eggs (12 cases, 48%) were a major infection, followed by Strongyloides spp. (8 cases, 32%) and Moniezia spp. (5 case, 20%). In one case, massive infection of strongyle particularly Haemonchus contortus and Moniezia spp. was observed. All these animals were found negative for hemoprotozoan parasites in blood smear examination. Hematological studies revealed that significantly decreased values of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and total erythrocytic count (TEC). Absolute leukocytic count revealed significant leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis and eosinophilia. Serum biochemical profiles of diarrheic sheep/lambs in present study were significant decrease in values of total protein, serum globulin, glucose where as significant increase in the albumin: Globulin ratio, aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatise (ALKP) and bilirubin. Conclusions: From the present study, it is reasonable to conclude that major parasitic infection of sheep/lamb observed was strongyle, followed by Strongyloides spp. and Moniezia spp. Hemato-biochemical studies revealed significant leukocytosis and increase in AST, ALT, ALKP and bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvan Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - K K Jakhar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Satyavir Singh
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Potliya
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Kailash Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Madan Pal
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
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