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Wang Y, Wang S, Niu Y, Ma B, Li J. Data Mining Suggests That CXCL14 Gene Silencing in Colon Cancer Is Due to Promoter Methylation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16027. [PMID: 38003215 PMCID: PMC10671198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCL14 is one of the most evolutionarily conserved members of the chemokine family and is constitutionally expressed in multiple organs, suggesting that it is involved in the homeostasis maintenance of the system. CXCL14 is highly expressed in colon epithelial cells and shows obvious gene silencing in clinical colon cancer samples, suggesting that its silencing is related to the immune escape of cancer cells. In this paper, we analyzed the expression profiles of multiple human clinical colon cancer datasets and mouse colon cancer models to reveal the variation trend of CXCL14 expression during colitis, colon polyps, primary colon cancer, and liver metastases. The relationship between CXCL14 gene silencing and promoter hypermethylation was revealed through the colorectal carcinoma methylation database. The results suggest that CXCL14 is a tumor suppressor gene in colorectal carcinoma which is activated first and then silenced during the process of tumor occurrence and deterioration. Promoter hypermethylation is the main cause of CXCL14 silencing. The methylation level of CXCL14 is correlated with the anatomic site of tumor occurrence, positively correlated with patient age, and associated with prognosis. Reversing the hypermethylation of CXCL14 may be an epigenetic therapy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Buyong Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.W.); (S.W.); (Y.N.)
| | - Jingjing Li
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.W.); (S.W.); (Y.N.)
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Liu Y, Wang X, Chen H, Wu T, Cao Y, Liu Z. Silencing the Catalase Gene with SiRNA for Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:8937-8945. [PMID: 36751111 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been emerging as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. But the CDT efficiency is restricted by the insufficient intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level. Herein, we present a method for H2O2 accumulation in tumor cells by silencing the catalase (CAT) gene with siRNA to achieve enhanced CDT. Cu-siRNA nanocomposites are fabricated by self-assembly of Cu2+ and CAT siRNA and then modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) for active tumor targeting. After tumor cell uptake, the released Cu2+ is reduced by highly expressed glutathione (GSH) to Cu+, which then catalyzes H2O2 to produce toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to kill tumor cells. CAT siRNA can efficiently silence the CAT mRNA to inhibit the consumption of H2O2, resulting in H2O2 accumulation. The Cu2+-mediated GSH elimination and siRNA-induced endogenous H2O2 enrichment both potentiate CDT. Cu-siRNA@HA exhibits good biocompatibility and therapeutic efficiency. This work thus paves a new way to supply H2O2 in CDT and may hold potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Hanjun Chen
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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Guan J, Pan Y, Li H, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Wang J, Zhou Y, Guan Z, Yang Z. Activity and Tissue Distribution of Antisense Oligonucleotide CT102 Encapsulated with Cytidinyl/Cationic Lipid against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4552-4564. [PMID: 35508302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), a cell surface receptor with tyrosine kinase (TK) activity, has ligands abnormally expressed in acute leukemia, multiple myeloma, breast, prostate, cervical, and nonsmall cell lung cancers, Ewing's sarcoma, and other malignant tumors. IGF1R mediates the malignant proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells through a variety of signal transduction pathways, and it is also involved in tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell antiapoptosis. In this study, the neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cystine skeleton cationic lipid CLD from our laboratory could be optimized to encapsulate antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) CT102 to form stable and uniform Mix/CT102 nanoparticles (NPs), which could specifically target tumor cells that highly expressed IGF1R in vivo by intravenous administration. Compared with naked CT102, the lipid complex could promote the uptake and late apoptosis levels of HepG2 and Huh-7 cells, inhibiting cell proliferation efficiently. We also found that Mix/CT102 could enter nucleus in about 2 h, effectively downregulating the mRNA level of IGF1R. The in vivo efficacy experiment demonstrated that in the group that received the optimal dose of Mix/CT102, tumor volume was reduced 8-fold compared with the naked dose group. Meanwhile, in vivo distribution studies showed that the nanoparticles had a predominant accumulation capacity in liver tissue. These results indicated that clinicians can expect the Mix/CT102 nanocomposite to be very effective in reducing the dose and frequency of clinically administered CT102, thereby reducing the side effects of ASOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yufei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huantong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuejie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yujing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian New Area 550025, China
| | - Zhu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian New Area 550025, China
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Zhao X, Yang J, Zhang J, Wang X, Chen L, Zhang C, Shen Z. Inhibitory Effect of Aptamer-Carbon Dot Nanomaterial-siRNA Complex on the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Interfering with FMRP. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 174:47-55. [PMID: 35364257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) for the specific gene-silencing has been a novel therapeutic method for the treatment of incurable diseases such as malignancies. However, it remains a challenge whether siRNA can be safely and effectively delivered into target cells. Therefore, we synthesized fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) as a gene vector at the siRNA delivery system that induced efficient gene knockdown in vitro while binding aptamer AS1411 to resolve the difficulty in cell targeting. We found that CDs with adequate biocompatibility can improve the efficiency of cellular uptake of siRNA. CLSM and FCM results showed that CDs were mainly localized in the cytoplasm and emitted bright green fluorescence. In addition, the CD/siRNA delivery system mediated by the aptamer AS1411 effectively silenced the expression of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and successfully inhibited the migration and invasive propensity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In summary, we have synthesized a valuable siRNA delivery vector enabling not only bioimaging but also effective downregulation of gene expression, which is indicative of an efficient potential for gene delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Zhao
- Research Center for Molecular Oncology and Functional Nucleic Acids, School of Laboratory Medicine, and School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, China; these authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Research Center for Molecular Oncology and Functional Nucleic Acids, School of Laboratory Medicine, and School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Research Center for Molecular Oncology and Functional Nucleic Acids, School of Laboratory Medicine, and School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Research Center for Molecular Oncology and Functional Nucleic Acids, School of Laboratory Medicine, and School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhifa Shen
- Research Center for Molecular Oncology and Functional Nucleic Acids, School of Laboratory Medicine, and School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Zhang H, Jiang W, Zhao Y, Song T, Xi Y, Han G, Jin Y, Song M, Bai K, Zhou J, Ding Y. Lipoprotein-Inspired Nanoscavenger for the Three-Pronged Modulation of Microglia-Derived Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Nano Lett 2022; 22:2450-2460. [PMID: 35271279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory dysfunction of microglia from excess amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) disposal is an overlooked but pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we exploit a native high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-inspired nanoscavenger (pHDL/Cur-siBACE1) that combines the trinity of phosphatidic acid-functionalized HDL (pHDL), curcumin (Cur), and β-site APP cleavage enzyme 1 targeted siRNA (siBACE1) to modulate microglial dysfunction. By mimicking the natural lipoprotein transport route, pHDL can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and sequentially target Aβ plaque, where Aβ catabolism is accelerated without microglial dysfunction. The benefit results are from a three-pronged modulation strategy, including promoted Aβ clearance with an antibody-like Aβ binding affinity, normalized microglial dysfunction by blocking the NF-κB pathway, and reduced Aβ production by gene silence (44%). After treatment, the memory deficit and neuroinflammation of APPswe/PSEN 1dE9 mice are reversed. Collectively, this study highlights the double-edged sword role of microglia and provides a promising tactic for modulating microglial dysfunction in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanpei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yilong Xi
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guochen Han
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingjie Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kaiwen Bai
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Luo D, Xu X, Iqbal MZ, Zhao Q, Zhao R, Farheen J, Zhang Q, Zhang P, Kong X. siRNA-Loaded Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for KRAS Gene Silencing in Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091428. [PMID: 34575504 PMCID: PMC8466089 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic carcinoma (PC) is greatly induced by the KRAS gene mutation, but effective targeted delivery for gene therapy has not existed. Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) serves as an advanced therapeutic modality and holds great promise for cancer treatment. However, the development of a non-toxic and high-efficiency carrier system to accurately deliver siRNA into cells for siRNA-targeted gene silencing is still a prodigious challenge. Herein, polyethylenimine (PEI)-modified hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (HAp-PEI) were fabricated. The siRNA of the KRAS gene (siKras) was loaded onto the surface of HAp-PEI via electrostatic interaction between siRNA and PEI to design the functionalized HAp-PEI nanoparticle (HAp-PEI/siKras). The HAp-PEI/siKras was internalized into the human PC cells PANC-1 to achieve the maximum transfection efficiency for active tumor targeting. HAp-PEI/siKras effectively knocked down the expression of the KRAS gene and downregulated the expression of the Kras protein in vitro. Furthermore, the treatment with HAp-PEI/siKras resulted in greater anti-PC cells' (PANC-1, BXPC-3, and CFPAC-1) efficacy in vitro. Additionally, the HAp-PEI exhibited no obvious in vitro cytotoxicity in normal pancreatic HPDE6-C7 cells. These findings provided a promising alternative for the therapeutic route of siRNA-targeted gene engineering for anti-pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Luo
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaochun Xu
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
| | - M. Zubair Iqbal
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy & Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jabeen Farheen
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Peiliang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China;
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (D.L.); (X.X.); (M.Z.I.); (R.Z.); (J.F.); (Q.Z.)
- Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-571-86848872
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7
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Liu R, Long Q, Zou X, Wang Y, Pei Y. DNA methylation occurring in Cre-expressing cells inhibits loxP recombination and silences loxP-sandwiched genes. New Phytol 2021; 231:210-224. [PMID: 33742463 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The low DNA recombination efficiency of site-specific recombinase systems in plants limits their application; however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. We evaluate the gene deletion performance of four recombinase systems (Cre/loxP, Flp/FRT, KD/KDRT and B3/B3RT) in tobacco where the recombinases are under the control of germline-specific promoters. We find that the expression of these recombinases results mostly in gene silencing rather than gene deletion. Using the Cre/loxP system as a model, we reveal that the region flanked by loxP sites (floxed) is hypermethylated, which prevents floxed genes from deletion while silencing the expression of the genes. We further show CG methylation alone in the recombinase binding element of the loxP site is unable to impede gene deletion; instead, CHH methylation in the crossover region is required to inhibit loxP recombination. Our study illustrates the important role of recombinase-induced DNA methylation in the inhibition of site-specific DNA recombination and uncovers the mechanism underlying recombinase-associated gene silence in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qin Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiuping Zou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - You Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops; Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Titze-de-Almeida SS, Soto-Sánchez C, Fernandez E, Koprich JB, Brotchie JM, Titze-de-Almeida R. The Promise and Challenges of Developing miRNA-Based Therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040841. [PMID: 32244357 PMCID: PMC7226753 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small double-stranded RNAs that exert a fine-tuning sequence-specific regulation of cell transcriptome. While one unique miRNA regulates hundreds of mRNAs, each mRNA molecule is commonly regulated by various miRNAs that bind to complementary sequences at 3’-untranslated regions for triggering the mechanism of RNA interference. Unfortunately, dysregulated miRNAs play critical roles in many disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world. Treatment of this slowly, progressive, and yet incurable pathology challenges neurologists. In addition to L-DOPA that restores dopaminergic transmission and ameliorate motor signs (i.e., bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors), patients commonly receive medication for mood disorders and autonomic dysfunctions. However, the effectiveness of L-DOPA declines over time, and the L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias commonly appear and become highly disabling. The discovery of more effective therapies capable of slowing disease progression –a neuroprotective agent–remains a critical need in PD. The present review focus on miRNAs as promising drug targets for PD, examining their role in underlying mechanisms of the disease, the strategies for controlling aberrant expressions, and, finally, the current technologies for translating these small molecules from bench to clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoneide S. Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, FAV, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil;
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Neuroprosthetics and Visual Rehabilitation Research Unit, Bioengineering Institute, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Alicante, Spain; (C.S.-S.); (E.F.)
| | - Eduardo Fernandez
- Neuroprosthetics and Visual Rehabilitation Research Unit, Bioengineering Institute, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Alicante, Spain; (C.S.-S.); (E.F.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine—CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - James B. Koprich
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; (J.B.K.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Jonathan M. Brotchie
- Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; (J.B.K.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida
- Technology for Gene Therapy Laboratory, Central Institute of Sciences, FAV, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-61-3107-7222
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Wu F, Zhang J, Shang E, Zhang J, Li X, Zhu B, Lei X. Synthesis and Evaluation of a New Type of Small Molecule Epigenetic Modulator Containing Imidazo[1,2- b][1,2,4]triazole Motif. Front Chem 2019; 6:642. [PMID: 30627529 PMCID: PMC6309140 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation is important for many cellular processes, such as cell differentiation and cell death. The disorder of epigenetic state is closely related to human diseases, especially cancers. DNA methylation is a well-characterized epigenetic modification which is related to gene silencing and is considered as a repressive epigenetic mark. DNA methylation caused gene repression can be derepressed by chemical agents. Small molecules targeting DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, and other regulatory factors can activate genes silenced by DNA methylation. However, more and more studies have shown that histone deacetylation is not the only downstream event of DNA methylation. Some additional, unknown mechanisms that promote DNA methylation-mediated gene silencing may exist. Recently, through high-throughput screening using a 308,251-member chemical library to identify potent small molecules that derepress an EGFP reporter gene silenced by DNA methylation, we identified seven hit compounds that did not directly target bulk DNA methylation or histone acetylation. Three of them (LX-3, LX-4, LX-5) were proven to selectively activate the p38 MAPK pathway in multiple cell types. In order to identify the exact cellular targets of these compounds, we turn to work on the SAR study of LX-3 by constructing a structurally diverse chemical library based on the imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazole core structure via diversity-oriented synthesis. Our work provides a general approach to efficiently access diverse heterocyclic molecules with interesting epigenetic modulation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Erchang Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Song G, Yang L. Inhibited CD47 gene affects the clearance of acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10303-10309. [PMID: 30565723 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of targeted inhibition of CD47 gene expression on stem cell clearance in acute myeloid leukemia. METHODS After the lentiviral CD47-siRNA was transfected into acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells (LSCs), the proliferative status of acute myelogenous LSCs was detected by cell counting kit-8, and the apoptosis of stem cells of acute myeloid leukemia was detected by annexin/propidium iodide flow assays. The expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, MCL-1, PIK3p110β, and interleukin (IL)-3 in acute myeloid LSCs was detected by Western blot analysis and the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and the protein content of CD96 and CD90 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS After transfection of the lentivirus CD47-siRNA into acute myeloid LSCs, compared with the empty vector transfection group (control group), the cell viability of the CD47-siRNA transfection group was decreased, and the apoptosis rate was increased. Furthermore, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and MCL-1 and the content of IL-3 protein, CD96, and CD90 was decreased, whereas the activity of PIK3p110β and PP2A protein was increased. CONCLUSION Targeted inhibition of CD47 could inhibit the proliferation of myeloid LSCs, promote apoptosis, mobilize the cells into the cell cycle, and reduce the high expression of immune proteins on the cell surface, therefore providing a theoretical basis for the elimination and eradication of LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangle Song
- Morphological Laboratory, Taishan Medical College, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Leiying Yang
- Department of Pathology, Taishan Medical College, Taian, Shandong, China
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11
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Tian Y, Zhou M, Shi H, Gao S, Xie G, Zhu M, Wu M, Chen J, Niu Z. Integration of Cell-Penetrating Peptides with Rod-like Bionanoparticles: Virus-Inspired Gene-Silencing Technology. Nano Lett 2018; 18:5453-5460. [PMID: 30091612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the high gene transfer efficiency of viral vectors and to avoid side effects, we present here a 1D rod-like gene-silencing vector based on a plant virus. By decorating the transacting activator of transduction (TAT) peptide on the exterior surface, the TAT-modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) achieves a tunable isoelectric point (from ∼3.5 to ∼9.6) depending on the TAT dose. In addition to enhanced cell internalization, this plant virus-based vector (TMV-TAT) acquired endo/lysosomal escape capacity without inducing lysosomal damage, resulting in both high efficiency and low cytotoxicity. By loading silencer green fluorescent protein (GFP) siRNA onto the TMV-TAT vector (siRNA@TMV-TAT) and interfering with GFP-expressing mouse epidermal stem cells (ESCs/GFP) in vitro, the proportion of GFP-positive cells could be knocked down to levels even lower than 15% at a concentration of ∼100% cell viability. Moreover, by interfering with GFP-expressing highly metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (MHCC97-H/GFP) tumors in vivo, treatment with siRNA@TMV-TAT complexes for 10 days achieved a GFP-negative rate as high as 80.8%. This work combines the high efficiency of viral vectors and the safety of nonviral vectors and may provide a promising strategy for gene-silencing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(B) Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Haigang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Sijia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Guocheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Man Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 19(B) Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 29 Zhongguancun East Road , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- School of Future Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No.19(A) Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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12
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Jiang L, Li D, Jin L, Ruan Y, Shen WH, Liu C. Histone lysine methyltransferases BnaSDG8.A and BnaSDG8.C are involved in the floral transition in Brassica napus. Plant J 2018; 95:672-685. [PMID: 29797624 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although increasing experimental evidence demonstrates that histone methylations play important roles in Arabidopsis plant growth and development, little information is available regarding Brassica napus. In this study, we characterized two genes encoding homologues of the Arabidopsis histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methyltransferase SDG8, namely, BnaSDG8.A and BnaSDG8.C. Although no duplication of SDG8 homologous genes had been previously reported to occur during the evolution of any sequenced species, a domain-duplication was uncovered in BnaSDG8.C. This duplication led to the identification of a previously unknown NNH domain in the SDG8 homologues, providing a useful reference for future studies and revealing the finer mechanism of SDG8 function. One NNH domain is present in BnaSDG8.A, while two adjacent NNH domains are present in BnaSDG8.C. Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed similar patterns but with varied levels of expression of BnaSDG8.A/C in different plant organs/tissues. To directly investigate their function, BnaSDG8.A/C cDNA was ectopically expressed to complement the Arabidopsis mutant. We observed that the expression of either BnaSDG8.A or BnaSDG8.C could rescue the Arabidopsis sdg8 mutant to the wild-type phenotype. Using RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, we obtained BnaSDG8.A/C knockdown and knockout mutants with the early flowering phenotype as compared with the control. Further analysis of two types of the mutants revealed that BnaSDG8.A/C are required for H3K36 m2/3 deposition and prevent the floral transition of B. napus by directly enhancing the H3K36 m2/3 levels at the BnaFLC chromatin loci. This observation on the floral transition by epigenetic modification in B. napus provides useful information for breeding early-flowering varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Education, Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Donghao Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Education, Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lu Jin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Education, Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ying Ruan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Education, Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wen-Hui Shen
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes (IBMP), UPR2357, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg Cedex, 67084, France
| | - Chunlin Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Education, Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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13
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Wang C, Du L, Zhou J, Meng L, Cheng Q, Wang C, Wang X, Zhao D, Huang Y, Zheng S, Cao H, Zhang J, Deng L, Liang Z, Dong A. Elaboration on the Distribution of Hydrophobic Segments in the Chains of Amphiphilic Cationic Polymers for Small Interfering RNA Delivery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:32463-32474. [PMID: 28862422 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobization of cationic polymers, as an efficient strategy, had been widely developed in the structure of cationic polymer micelles to improve the delivery efficiency of nucleic acids. However, the distribution of hydrophobic segments in the polymer chains is rarely considered. Here, we have elaborated three types of hydrophobized polyethylene glycol (PEG)-blocked cationic polymers with different distributions of the hydrophobic segments in the polymer chains PEG-PAM-PDP (E-A-D), PEG-PDP-PAM (E-D-A), and PEG-P(AM/DP) (E-(A/D)), which were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of methoxy PEG, cationic monomer aminoethyl methacrylate, and pH-sensitive hydrophobic monomer 2-diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate, respectively. In aqueous solution, all of the three copolymers, E-A-D, E-D-A, and E-(A/D), were able to spontaneously form nanosized micelles (100-150 nm) (ME-A-D, ME-D-A, and ME-(A/D)) and well-incorporated small interfering RNA (siRNA) into complex micelles (CMs). The effect of distributions of the hydrophobic segments on siRNA delivery had been evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Compared with ME-D-A and ME-(A/D), ME-A-D showed the best siRNA binding capacity to form stable ME-A-D/siRNA CMs less than 100 nm, mediated the best gene-silencing efficiency and inhibition effect of tumor cell growth in vitro, and showed better liver gene-silencing effect in vivo. In the case of ME-(A/D) with a random distribution of cationic and hydrophobic segments, a gene-silencing efficiency higher than Lipo2000 but lesser than ME-A-D and ME-D-A was obtained. As the mole ratio of positive and negative charges increased, ME-D-A/siRNA and ME-A-D/siRNA showed similar performances in size, zeta potential, cell uptake, and gene silencing, but ME-(A/D)/siRNA showed reversed performances. In addition, ME-A-D as the best siRNA carrier was evaluated in the tumor tissue in the xenograft murine model and showed good anticancer capacity. Obviously, the distribution of the hydrophobic segments in the amphiphilic cationic polymer chains should be seriously considered in the design of siRNA vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | - Junhui Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | | | - Chun Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | | | - Yuanyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zicai Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072, China
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14
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Zhu H, Liu W, Cheng Z, Yao K, Yang Y, Xu B, Su G. Targeted Delivery of siRNA with pH-Responsive Hybrid Gold Nanostars for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2029. [PMID: 28937584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the engineering of gold nanostars (GNS) to deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) into HepG2 cells. The ligand DG-PEG-Lipoic acid (LA)-Lys-9R (hydrazone) was designed to functionalize GNS, and create the nanoparticles named as 9R/DG-GNS (hydrazone). In the ligand, 2-deoxyglucose (DG) is the targeting molecule, polyethylene glycol (PEG) helps to improve the dispersity and biocompatibility, 9-poly-d-arginine (9R) is employed to provide a positive surface charge and adsorb negative siRNA, and hydrazone bonds are pH-responsive and can avoid receptor-mediated endosomal recycling. Compared to GNS alone, 9R/DG-GNS (hydrazone) showed superior transfection efficiency. The expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in HepG2 and SGC7901 cells were significantly suppressed by siRNA/9R/DG-GNS (hydrazone) complex. Notably, 9R/DG-GNS (hydrazone) possessed low cytotoxicity even at high concentrations in both normal cells and tumor cells. The combination treatment of siRNA/9R/DG-GNS (hydrazone) complex inhibited the cell growth rate by more than 75%. These results verified that the pH-responsive GNS complex is a promising siRNA delivery system for cancer therapy, and it is anticipated that near-infrared absorbing GNS with good photothermal conversion efficiency can be potentially used for photothermal therapy of tumors.
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15
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Liu S, Shen Y, Feng T, Liu X. [Effects of silencing Snail1 gene on the expression of tight junction proteins and the migration ability of Hep-2 cells]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2017; 34:591-596. [PMID: 29745557 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.201702005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of Snail1 gene silence on the expression of tight junction proteins and the migration ability of Hep-2 cells, Hep-2 cells were transfected with plasmids which is containing the shRNA of Snail1 gene, and cultured till the cells could be passaged stably (named Sh-snail1 cells). The expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-5) were detected by Western blot. The migration ability of Sh-snail1 cells was investigated by wound healing assay, and the protein expression of members of RhoGTPase family (RhoA, Cdc42) was detected by Western blot, which is closely related to the migration ability. Our results showed that the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-5) was significantly increased; the migration ability of Sh-snail1 cell was inhibited; the expression of RhoA and Cdc42 was downregulated. All of these indicated that silencing the gene of Snail1 in Hep-2 cells can up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins and down regulate the expression of Cdc42 and RhoA, and further inhibit the migration of Hep-2 cells. Furthermore, opening of the tight junctions between cells and the stronger migration ability of cancer cells are important processes in cancer metastasis. It is confirmed that the Snail1 gene is closely related to the two processes, providing an experimental basis for targeted therapy of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfeng Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, P.R.China;Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China
| | - Tang Feng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R.China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,
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Tang X, Zhai F, Sheng X, Xing J, Zhan W. The Roles of β-Integrin of Chinese Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) in WSSV Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071465. [PMID: 28686185 PMCID: PMC5535956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that an integrin β subunit of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) (FcβInt) plays an important role in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. In the present work, in order to further elucidate the potential role of FcβInt in WSSV infection, the recombinant extracellular domain of β integringene of F. Chinensis (rFcβInt-ER) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and the eukaryotic expression plasmid PcDNA3.1-FcβInt-ER (PFcβInt-ER) was also constructed. Far-western blotting was performed to determine the binding specificity of rFcβInt-ER to WSSV envelope proteins, and results showed that rFcβInt-ER was able to specifically interact with rVP31, rVP37, rVP110 and rVP187. Moreover, the blocking effects of mouse anti-rFcβint-ER antibodies were both detected in vivo and in vitro. The ELISA and Dot-blotting in vitro assays both showed that mouse anti-rFcβInt-ER antibodies could partially block the binding of WSSV to the hemocyte membrane of F. chinensis. In the in vivo assays, the mortality of shrimp injected with WSSV mixed with anti-rFcβInt-ER antibodies was delayed, and was lower than in the control group. While the shrimp were intramuscularly injected with PFcβInt-ER, transcripts of PFcβInt-ER could be detected in different shrimp tissues within 7 days, and the mortality of shrimp injected with PFcβInt-ER was also delayed and lower compared with the control group post WSSV challenge. Furthermore, gene silencing technology was also used to verify the effect of FcβInt in WSSV infection, and results showed that the expression levels of the WSSV immediate early gene iel, early gene wsv477, and late gene VP28 and the mortality of F. Chinensis were all significantly decreased in the FcβInt knock-down hemocyctes compared to the control group. Taken together, these results suggest that FcβInt plays important roles in WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Jimo, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Fude Zhai
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Jimo, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Yang T, Xu R, Chen J, Liu A. β-Ketoacyl-acyl Carrier Protein Synthase I (KASI) Plays Crucial Roles in the Plant Growth and Fatty Acids Synthesis in Tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1287. [PMID: 27509494 PMCID: PMC5000684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids serve many functions in plants, but the effects of some key genes involved in fatty acids biosynthesis on plants growth and development are not well understood yet. To understand the functions of 3-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier protein synthase I (KASI) in tobacco, we isolated two KASI homologs, which we have designated NtKASI-1 and NtKASI-2. Expression analysis showed that these two KASI genes were transcribed constitutively in all tissues examined. Over-expression of NtKASI-1 in tobacco changed the fatty acid content in leaves, whereas over-expressed lines of NtKASI-2 exhibited distinct phenotypic features such as slightly variegated leaves and reduction of the fatty acid content in leaves, similar to the silencing plants of NtKASI-1 gene. Interestingly, the silencing of NtKASI-2 gene had no discernibly altered phenotypes compared to wild type. The double silencing plants of these two genes enhanced the phenotypic changes during vegetative and reproductive growth compared to wild type. These results uncovered that these two KASI genes had the partially functional redundancy, and that the KASI genes played a key role in regulating fatty acids synthesis and in mediating plant growth and development in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuefu Road 88, Kunming 650223, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ronghua Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China.
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuefu Road 88, Kunming 650223, China.
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Kunming 650201, China.
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Yu XL, Xia JY, Ye HQ, Li X, Zhang YJ, Mao XG. Retinoic acid aliphatic amide inhibits the AMPK-HIF-1α pathway in human ovarian cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:6416-6424. [PMID: 26261517 PMCID: PMC4525851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma the commonly observed gynecological cancers has a high mortality rate. In the present study effect of retinoic acid aliphatic amide (RACA) in ovarian cancer cells was investigated using proliferation, migration and invasion assays. Western blot was used to examine the Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3, p-ERK, MMP-2, p-FAK, P-P38, p-AMPKα and HIF-1α protein expression. CoCl2 was used to induce HIF-1α expression in SKOV3ip. 1 and HEY-A8 cells. The results revealed that RACA treatment prompted cell proliferation, invasion and migration but inhibited apoptosis of SKOV3ip. 1 and HEY-A8 cells. RACA treatment also induced upregulation of Bcl-2 and MMP-2, activation of p-P38, p-ERK and p-FAK, inhibition of cleaved caspase 3. RACA treatment also caused upregulatation of HIF-1α in ovarian cells with the activation of p-AMPKα. Upregulation of HIF-1α expression in CoCl2-treated cancer cells resulted in decrease in SDHB. Thus RACA plays a key role in cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma through AMPK-HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Sichuan Medical UniversitySichuan, 646000, China
| | - Ji-Yi Xia
- Researh Center for Drug and Functional Food of Sichuan Medical UniversitySichuan, 646000, China
| | - Hai-Qiong Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical UniversitySichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hosipital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of LeshanSichuan, 614000, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical UniversitySichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xi-Guang Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical UniversitySichuan, 646000, China
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Ren W, Cao T, Zhu Y. RNAi knockdown of C-erbB2 expression inhibits salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cell growth in vitro. J Biomed Res 2010; 24:215-22. [PMID: 23554633 PMCID: PMC3596557 DOI: 10.1016/s1674-8301(10)60031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To knockdown the C-erbB2 gene in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cells using RNA interference, and determine the effect of silencing C-erbB2 on cell proliferation. METHODS C-erbB2-siRNA was transfected into SACC-83 cells. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect C-erbB2 expression in SACC-83 cells. Cell proliferation was measured by the MTT assay and gene knockdown was achieved by RNA interference. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared with the control, C-erbB2 mRNA expression was decreased in the C-erbB2-siRNA transfection group, and immunohistochemical analysis indicated that C-erbB2 protein expression was decreased. After C-erbB2-siRNA was transfected for 48 h, absorbance at 570 nm (MTT) was 0.185±0.021 compared with 0.354±0.034, 0.299±0.053, and 0.314±0.049 in the blank control, liposome control and negative control siRNA groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the C-erbB2-siRNA group and the control groups. Following the C-erbB2 knockdown, the percentage of apoptotic cells was 5.63% compared with 2.04%, 2.85%, and 2.98% in the three control groups, respectively. Proliferation of SACC-83 cells was inhibited, and early apoptotic cells were increased. CONCLUSION RNA interference can effectively silence C-erbB2 gene expression and inhibit growth of SACC-83 cells, which indicates the potential of targeting this gene as a novel gene therapy approach for the treatment of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yincheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
- *Corresponding author E-mail address:
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tengteng Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongjin Zhu
- Department of Center Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Tang M, Xu W, Wang Q, Xiao W, Xu R. Potential of DNMT and its Epigenetic Regulation for Lung Cancer Therapy. Curr Genomics 2009; 10:336-52. [PMID: 20119531 PMCID: PMC2729998 DOI: 10.2174/138920209788920994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of mortality in both men and women in the United States, is largely diagnosed at its advanced stages that there are no effective therapeutic alternatives. Although tobacco smoking is the well established cause of lung cancer, the underlying mechanism for lung tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. An important event in tumor development appears to be the epigenetic alterations, especially the change of DNA methylation patterns, which induce the most tumor suppressor gene silence. In one scenario, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) that is responsible for DNA methylation accounts for the major epigenetic maintenance and alternation. In another scenario, DNMT itself is regulated by the environment carcinogens (smoke), epigenetic and genetic information. DNMT not only plays a pivotal role in lung tumorigenesis, but also is a promising molecular bio-marker for early lung cancer diagnosis and therapy. Therefore the elucidation of the DNMT and its related epigenetic regulation in lung cancer is of great importance, which may expedite the overcome of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqing Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, 362021, China & Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huaqiao University, Fujian, 362021, China
| | - William Xu
- Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Qizhao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, 362021, China & Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huaqiao University, Fujian, 362021, China
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruian Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, 362021, China & Institute of Molecular Medicine, Huaqiao University, Fujian, 362021, China
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