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Zulqurnain Haider M, Hussain S, Muhammad Adnan Ramzani P, Iqbal M, Iqbal M, Shahzad T, Fatima M, Ali Khan S, Khan I, Shahid M, Ibrahim M, Tanzeem Ull Haq HS, Mahmood F. Bentonite and Biochar Mitigate Pb Toxicity in Pisum sativum by Reducing Plant Oxidative Stress and Pb Translocation. Plants (Basel) 2019. [PMID: 31817397 DOI: 10.3390/plants812057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-polluted soils pose a serious threat to human health, particularly by transmitting this heavy metal to the food chain via the crops grown on them. The application of novel amendments in Pb-polluted soils can significantly reduce this problem. In this research, we report the effects of various organic and inorganic amendments i.e., bentonite (BN), biochar (BR), lignin (LN), magnesium potassium phosphate cement (CM) and iron hydroxyl phosphate (FeHP), on the Pb bioavailability in Pb-polluted soil, upon Pb distribution in shoots, roots, grain, the translocation factor (TF) and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Pb in pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain. Furthermore, effects of the said amendments on the plant parameters, as well as grain biochemistry and nutritional quality, were also assessed. Lead pollution significantly elevated Pb concentrations in roots, shoots and grain, as well as the grain TF and BCF of Pb, while reducing the nutritional quality and biochemistry of grain, plant height, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll contents (chl a and chl b) and the dry weight (DW) of shoot, root and grain. The lowest Pb distribution in shoots, roots and grain were found with BN, FeHP and CM, compared to our control. Likewise, the BN, FeHP and CM significantly lowered the TF and BCF values of Pb in the order FeHP > CM > BN. Similarly, the highest increase in plant height, shoot, root and grain DW, RWC, chl a and chl b contents, grain biochemistry and the micronutrient concentrations, were recorded with BR amendment. Biochar also reduced grain polyphenols as well as plant oxidative stress. Given that the BR and BN amendments gave the best results, we propose to explore their potential synergistic effect to reduce Pb toxicity by using them together in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Mutahar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Syed Tanzeem Ull Haq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Zulqurnain Haider M, Hussain S, Muhammad Adnan Ramzani P, Iqbal M, Iqbal M, Shahzad T, Fatima M, Ali Khan S, Khan I, Shahid M, Ibrahim M, Tanzeem Ull Haq HS, Mahmood F. Bentonite and Biochar Mitigate Pb Toxicity in Pisum sativum by Reducing Plant Oxidative Stress and Pb Translocation. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E571. [PMID: 31817397 PMCID: PMC6963978 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-polluted soils pose a serious threat to human health, particularly by transmitting this heavy metal to the food chain via the crops grown on them. The application of novel amendments in Pb-polluted soils can significantly reduce this problem. In this research, we report the effects of various organic and inorganic amendments i.e., bentonite (BN), biochar (BR), lignin (LN), magnesium potassium phosphate cement (CM) and iron hydroxyl phosphate (FeHP), on the Pb bioavailability in Pb-polluted soil, upon Pb distribution in shoots, roots, grain, the translocation factor (TF) and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Pb in pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain. Furthermore, effects of the said amendments on the plant parameters, as well as grain biochemistry and nutritional quality, were also assessed. Lead pollution significantly elevated Pb concentrations in roots, shoots and grain, as well as the grain TF and BCF of Pb, while reducing the nutritional quality and biochemistry of grain, plant height, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll contents (chl a and chl b) and the dry weight (DW) of shoot, root and grain. The lowest Pb distribution in shoots, roots and grain were found with BN, FeHP and CM, compared to our control. Likewise, the BN, FeHP and CM significantly lowered the TF and BCF values of Pb in the order FeHP > CM > BN. Similarly, the highest increase in plant height, shoot, root and grain DW, RWC, chl a and chl b contents, grain biochemistry and the micronutrient concentrations, were recorded with BR amendment. Biochar also reduced grain polyphenols as well as plant oxidative stress. Given that the BR and BN amendments gave the best results, we propose to explore their potential synergistic effect to reduce Pb toxicity by using them together in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Pia Muhammad Adnan Ramzani
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Mutahar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Tanvir Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Maryam Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Hafiz Syed Tanzeem Ull Haq
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.H.); (M.I.); (M.I.); (T.S.); (M.F.); (S.A.K.); (M.I.); (H.S.T.U.H.)
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