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Kim JW, Lee YB, Hong YS, Jung H, Lee GH. Potential Food Inclination of Crab-Eating Macaques in Laboratory Environments: Enhancing Positive Reinforcement Training and Health Optimization. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1123. [PMID: 38612362 PMCID: PMC11010923 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Positive reinforcement and training for health optimization are pivotal for successful studies with monkeys. Potential food inclination is important for studies on crab-eating macaques in laboratory environments, but evaluations remain scarce. We explored crab-eating macaques' potential food inclination to establish a reward system for future behavioral assessments. Twelve male and three female monkeys underwent a food inclination assessment in which they were offered four food categories-fruits, vegetables, proteins, and nuts. The monkeys exhibited a higher inclination for plant-based foods, particularly fruits and vegetables, over animal-based proteins like chicken and tuna (p < 0.0001), with a notable inclination for nuts (eaten/provided = 100%). Additionally, the consistency of potential food inclination after repeated offerings was investigated, revealing a time-dependent increase in inclination for protein items. Food consumption ratios correlated positively with caloric intake (r = 0.59, p = 0.02), implying that individuals with a regular high caloric intake and increased body weight are more likely to accept food during positive reinforcement training. Our findings suggest fruits, vegetables, protein-rich foods, and nuts can help with health optimization. However, animal-based protein-rich foods initially had a low preference, which may increase over time. Our study can provide guidelines for positive reinforcement training and health optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gwang-Hoon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea (Y.S.H.); (H.J.)
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Bonnet JP. Content and Face Validation of the Lifestyle Medicine Assessment. Am J Lifestyle Med 2024; 18:252-259. [PMID: 38559789 PMCID: PMC10979726 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231214712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There are no validated global lifestyle medicine brief screening tools that measure health behaviors in all six lifestyle domains. The Lifestyle Medicine Assessment (LMA) tool was initially developed and revised based on feedback elicited from colleagues, experts, and patients. During the developmental process, every item underwent language changes. Three of the original 24 items were removed. However, there have not been any formal validation efforts. This study aims to formally evaluate the face and content validity of the LMA. Methods: A survey was emailed to 12 board-certified lifestyle medicine experts asking them to rank items in the LMA on a 1-4 scale for content relevance and clarity. Content and face validity were quantitatively determined using the item-level content validity index (I-CVI), scale-level content validity index (S-CVI), and item-level face validity index (I-FVI), scale-level face validity index (S-FVI), respectively. Literature accepted thresholds of I-CVI/I-FVI ≥.79 and S-CVI/S-FVI average ≥ .80 were used. Results: Eleven experts returned evaluations of the 21-item LMA. All 21 items had I-CVI for relevance ≥.91 and I-FVI ≥.81 with excellent kappa values. The S-CVI/I-FVI average for relevance and clarity were .99 and .95, respectively. Conclusion: The 21-item LMA is a brief global lifestyle medicine tool that has demonstrated excellent content and face validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Bonnet
- Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Chorya H, Coloma HS, Cortiana V, Joshi M, Menon GP, Balasubramanian M, Park CH, Leyfman Y. The Potential of Lifestyle Medicine: Strategies to Optimize Health and Well-Being in Oncology Care with Dr. Amy Comander. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5323. [PMID: 38001584 PMCID: PMC10670222 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of lifestyle medicine in cancer care and survivorship is undergoing significant transformation, presenting both challenges and opportunities. This collection of insights and reflections by an esteemed speaker aims to address critical facets of this evolving landscape and the intersection of healthcare, lifestyle, and cancer. With a focus on optimizing the health of cancer survivors, the speaker emphasizes the correlation between general population health and strategies for mitigating cancer risk. Evidence-based resources have a key role in their comprehensive insights into lifestyle changes' role in cancer prevention and survivorship. Lifestyle interventions also have a promising role in mitigating the late effects in the pediatric context. Therefore, encouraging the early adoption of healthy practices in childhood cancer survivors emerges as a pivotal strategy. Furthermore, challenges in enhancing education and access to lifestyle medicine are addressed. This highlights the importance of patient-centered communication, motivational interviewing, and personalized guidance in facilitating lifestyle changes with patients. Finally, the role of nutritionists in advising breast cancer patients to consider calorie restriction to lower IGF-1 levels is explored. This collection underscores the multifaceted nature of lifestyle medicine in cancer care, highlighting challenges, opportunities, and the transformative power of passion and curiosity in shaping healthcare careers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Viviana Cortiana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Muskan Joshi
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia
| | | | | | | | - Yan Leyfman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY 11572, USA
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Maxwell CV, Shirley R, O'Higgins AC, Rosser ML, O'Brien P, Hod M, O'Reilly SL, Medina VP, Smith GN, Hanson MA, Adam S, Ma RC, Kapur A, McIntyre HD, Jacobsson B, Poon LC, Bergman L, Regan L, Algurjia E, McAuliffe FM. Management of obesity across women's life course: FIGO Best Practice Advice. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 160 Suppl 1:35-49. [PMID: 36635081 PMCID: PMC10107516 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable multifactorial, neurobehavioral disease. According to the World Health Organization, obesity affects 15% of women and has long-term effects on women's health. The focus of care in patients with obesity should be on optimizing health outcomes rather than on weight loss. Appropriate and common language, considering cultural sensitivity and trauma-informed care, is needed to discuss obesity. Pregnancy is a time of significant physiological change. Pre-, ante-, and postpartum clinical encounters provide opportunities for health optimization for parents with obesity in terms of, but not limited to, fertility and breastfeeding. Pre-existing conditions may also be identified and managed. Beyond pregnancy, women with obesity are at an increased risk for gastrointestinal and liver diseases, impaired kidney function, obstructive sleep apnea, and venous thromboembolism. Gynecological and reproductive health of women living with obesity cannot be dismissed, with accommodations needed for preventive health screenings and consideration of increased risk for gynecologic malignancies. Mental wellness, specifically depression, should be screened and managed appropriately. Obesity is a complex condition and is increasing in prevalence with failure of public health interventions to achieve significant decrease. Future research efforts should focus on interprofessional care and discovering effective interventions for health optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia V Maxwell
- Maternal Fetal Medicine; Sinai Health and Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachelle Shirley
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sinai Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy C O'Higgins
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sinai Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary L Rosser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick O'Brien
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Moshe Hod
- Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharleen L O'Reilly
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Virna P Medina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of HealthUniversidad del Valle, Clínica Imbanaco Quirón Salud, Universidad Libre, Cali, Colombia
| | - Graeme N Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Hanson
- Institute of Developmental Sciences, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sumaiya Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Diabetes Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ronald C Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Anil Kapur
- World Diabetes Foundation, Bagsvaerd, Denmark
| | - Harold David McIntyre
- Mater Health, University of Queensland, Mater Health Campus, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Domain of Health Data and Digitalisation, Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liona C Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Lina Bergman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Esraa Algurjia
- The World Association of Trainees in Obstetrics & Gynecology, Paris, France.,Elwya Maternity Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Moraitis AM, Seven M, Sirard J, Walker RR. Clinical Relevance and Implementation Considerations of Physical Activity in Young Adult Cancer Survivorship: An Expert Consensus Study. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2022. [PMID: 36269579 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Elevated survival rates in young adult cancer survivors (YACS) are accompanied by high morbidity levels resulting in an array of unmet needs limiting full life potential. Physical activity (PA) improves physical, psychological, and social aspects of health after a cancer diagnosis. There are no standardized PA guidelines tailored to YACS. Therefore, there is a critical need to understand areas of clinical relevance/agreement on PA use and implementation in young adult (YA) survivorship care. Aim: To identify expert consensus areas on the assessment, prescription, and implementation of PA in YA survivorship care; identify areas of clinical relevance and endorsement of PA as a health optimization strategy in YA survivorship care. Methods: A four-round modified Delphi study of international multidisciplinary experts (Round I/II n = 18; Round III n = 57, Round IV n = 45) in exercise oncology, symptom management, survivorship care, youth cancer care was conducted. Qualitative content analysis, descriptive statistics (% agreement, standard deviation, mean), and inter-rater reliability (Kappa) were calculated. Results: Experts reached a consensus on clinical providers needed to assess, refer, and provide PA interventions, the need for guidelines, and essential care delivery system components to foster the integration of PA integration in YA survivorship care as a health optimization activity. Conclusions/Implications: Cancer care integration models should optimize the unique preferences, strengths, and developmental stage of YA affected by cancer. The study adds to the existing literature on multidisciplinary teams needed to provide clinical expertise and organizational support to foster PA integration into YA survivorship care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Memnun Seven
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - John Sirard
- Department of Kinesiology and Commonwealth Honors College, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - Rachel Rae Walker
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
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