1
|
Hashemi H, Mesbahi S, Jamali A, Ostadimoghaddam H, Yekta A, Khabazkhoob M. The association between ocular biometric components and corneal aberrations. Clin Exp Optom 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37844336 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2258126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Evaluating factors affecting corneal higher-order aberration component has a very important role in interpreting the characteristics of the formed image on the retina. BACKGROUND To determine the relationship between ocular biometric components and corneal higher-order aberrations in an elderly population. METHODS This report is related to a subsample of the Tehran Geriatric Eye study (TGES), a population-based cross-sectional study that was conducted on individuals aged 60 years and above in Tehran city, Iran using multistage stratified random cluster sampling. All study participants underwent ocular examinations including visual acuity measurement, refraction and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Anterior segment imaging and corneal aberrometry were performed using Pentacam AXL. RESULTS In the present study, 644 eyes of 415 individuals (56.9% female) with mean age of 66.36 ± 4.70 years were evaluated. According to a multiple generalised estimating equation model, the root mean square of total higher-order aberrations was related to age (β = 0.081, p = 0.002), crystalline lens thickness (β = 0.08, p < 0.001), and corneal diameter (β = -0.04, p = 0.014). The root mean square of total coma aberration was directly related to the female sex (β = 0.02, p = 0.05), and crystalline lens thickness (β = 0.06, p < 0.001). There was a direct relationship between the root mean square of third- and fourth-order higher-order aberrations and crystalline lens thickness (p < 0.001). Spherical aberration was directly related to the male sex (β = -0.02, p = 0.004), axial length (β = 0.05, p < 0.001) and central corneal thickness (β = 0.001, p = 0.025), and was inversely related to anterior chamber depth (β = -0.07, p = 0.031) and crystalline lens thickness (β = -0.25, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Ocular biometric components are related to corneal aberrations in the elderly. These factors need to be considered in respect of medical and surgical procedures required for the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Mesbahi
- Department of Optometry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Jamali
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Ostadimoghaddam
- Refractive Errors Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Department of Optometry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hughes RPJ, Read SA, Collins MJ, Vincent SJ. Higher order aberrations and retinal image quality during short-term accommodation in myopic and non-myopic children. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023. [PMID: 37140840 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the known associations between near work and myopia, and retinal image quality and eye growth, accommodation-induced changes in higher order aberrations (HOA's) and retinal image quality in children with different refractive errors are poorly understood. METHODS Ocular HOA's were measured using a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (COAS-HD, Wavefront Sciences) in 18 myopic and 18 age- and sex-matched non-myopic children during short-term accommodation tasks (four demands of 0, 3, 6 and 9 D) presented using a Badal optometer. Eighth order Zernike polynomials were fitted across a 2.3 mm pupil diameter to determine refractive power vectors (M, J180 and J45 ) and the accommodation error, and a 4 mm pupil was used for HOA analyses. Retinal image quality was examined using the visual Strehl ratio based on the optical transfer function (VSOTF) for third to eighth radial orders only. RESULTS Most refractive error group differences were observed for the 6 and 9 D demands. Myopic children underwent greater changes in with-the-rule astigmatism (J180 ), higher order and third order RMS values, primary vertical ( C 3 - 1 $$ {C}_3^{-1} $$ ) and horizontal coma ( C 3 1 $$ {C}_3^1 $$ ), and several other individual Zernike coefficients compared with non-myopic children (all refractive error group by demand interaction p-values of ≤0.02). Non-myopic children exhibited a greater negative shift in primary ( C 4 0 $$ {C}_4^0 $$ ) and positive shift in secondary spherical aberration ( C 6 0 $$ {C}_6^0 $$ ) (both refractive error group by demand interaction p-values of ≤0.002). The VSOTF degraded for the 6 and 9 D demands in both groups, but the myopic children underwent a greater mean (SE) reduction from 0 D of -0.274 (0.048) for the 9 D demand, compared with -0.131 (0.052) for the non-myopic children (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION These results may have implications for the association between near work, accommodation and myopia development, particularly related to the use of short working distances during near tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan P J Hughes
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott A Read
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael J Collins
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen J Vincent
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Joshi VP, Chatterjee S, Basu S. Relationship of Density, Depth, and Surface Irregularity of Superficial Corneal Opacification with Visual Acuity. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:536-545. [PMID: 36724802 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2173786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the relationship between the density, depth, and surface irregularity of superficial corneal opacities and vision. METHODS This prospective imaging study included 19 patients with unilateral superficial corneal opacification due to scarring post-microbial keratitis. Each eye underwent an assessment of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), contact lens corrected visual acuity (CLCVA), and Scheimpflug and anterior segment optical tomography imaging. Regression analysis was performed to detect the association between density, depth of scarring, and the surface irregularity in terms of higher order aberrations (HOA), and keratometry and UCVA, CLCVA, and the difference between BSCVA and CLCVA. RESULTS The mean logMAR UCVA, BSCVA, and CLCVA were 0.76, 0.35, and 0.28, respectively. The corneal scars had a mean thickness of 158.7 ± 61 µ and density of 65.73 ± 24.46 GSU. Bivariate analysis model for UCVA showed an association with Z42 secondary astigmatism (p = 0.02), Z44 quadrafoil (p = 0.01), combined coma Z3 ± 1(p = 0.03), and combined HOA Z3-Z6 (p = 0.045), out of which Z44 Quadrafoil (p = 0.04) was most significant with multivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis for BCVA-CLVA showed association with Z31 coma horizontal (p = 0.04), Z33 oblique trefoil (p = 0.02), Z40 primary spherical aberration (p = 0.008), and Z5 - 5 (p = 0.007), out of which Z31 horizontal coma (p = 0.04) and Z40 spherical aberration (p = 0.009) were significant on multivariate analysis. Change in densitometry, corneal thickness, epithelial:stromal reflectivity ratio, scar depth, and keratometry did not show any significant association with UCVA, BSCVA-CLCVA, or CLCVA. CONCLUSION In superficial corneal stromal scarring, deranged surface irregularity parameters like higher-order aberrations affect the final visual acuity more than the depth or density of the opacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Pramod Joshi
- Shantilal Shanghvi Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,Professor Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subhajit Chatterjee
- Cataract, Refractive Surgery and Contact Lens Services, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sayan Basu
- Shantilal Shanghvi Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.,Professor Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian H, Gao W, Xu C, Wang Y. Clinical outcomes and higher order aberrations of wavefront-guided LASIK versus SMILE for correction of myopia: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 2023. [PMID: 36726315 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To systematically evaluate the clinical effect of wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (WFG-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in terms of refractive errors and high-order aberrations. A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Internet was performed to identify studies evaluating the clinical outcomes of SMILE and WFG-LASIK ended in May 2022. Meta-analyses were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias of the RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook criteria, and the quality of the non-randomised controlled studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. In total, 1385 eyes (SMILE group, 750 eyes; WFG-LASIK group, 635 eyes) from 12 studies were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that spherical aberration was smaller in the SMILE group than in the WFG-LASIK group (standardised mean difference [SMD]: -0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.47, -0.22; p < 0.00001), and that the postoperative values of vertical coma (SMD: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.63, 1.03; p < 0.00001) and trefoil (SMD: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.72; p = 0.04) were higher in the SMILE group compared to the WFG LASIK group. There were no significant differences in the clinical outcomes and the values of induced total higher order aberrations between the WFG-LASIK and SMILE groups (SMD: 0.05; 95% CI: -0.09, 0.19; p = 0.47). Both SMILE and WFG-LASIK were found to be safe, effective, and predictable. SMILE may induce more vertical coma and trefoil, whereas WFG LASIK may induce more spherical aberrations, but no significant differences were found in the total higher order aberrations between SMILE and WFG-LASIK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Tian
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjing Gao
- Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Caohui Xu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Nankai University Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nassar GA, Abbas EN, Khalil MMAA, Tharwat E, Mohammed AR. Evaluation of Higher Order Aberrations and Anterior Segment Parameters Changes After Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation for High Myopia. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:1097-1107. [PMID: 37064961 PMCID: PMC10103779 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s405182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate changes in higher order aberrations (HOAs) induced by implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in correction of high myopia and to compare the anterior segment parameters before and after surgery. Also, to correlate these parameters with HOAs, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods This prospective interventional cohort case series study included 40 eyes with high myopia that underwent ICL V4c implantation. They were evaluated pre-operatively and post-operatively at 1st and 3rd month HOAs using Scheimpflug Sirius Camera. The anterior segment parameters were evaluated by optical biometry. Correlations between HOAs, BCVA and anterior segment parameters were evaluated. Results The mean pre-operative BCVA was 0.67 ± 0.17, while post-operative BCVA was 0.74 ± 0.16 (p-value < 0.001). The spherical equivalent was -13.66 ± 2.23 pre-operatively, while post-operatively it was -0.77 ± 0.65 (p-value < 0.001). The mean pre-operative root mean square (RMS) of HOAs was 0.62 ± 0.11 µm, while mean post-operative RMS in the 1st month was 0.82 ± 0.29 µm (p-value < 0.001). At 3rd month, it was 0.63 ± 0.17 µm (p-value = 0.685). The mean pre-operative anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 3.66 ± 0.26 mm. It decreased in the post-operative 1st month to 3.46 ± 0.30 mm, while in 3rd month 3.45 ± 0.24 mm (p-value < 0.001, < 0.001) respectively. The mean pre-operative anterior chamber angle (ACA) 45.98 ± 8.39 o while, the mean ACA was 31.65 ± 4.14, 31.03 ± 3.74 post-operatively (p-value < 0.001, < 0.001) respectively. There was significant increase in IOP (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion ICL implantation is safe and effective in correction of high myopia, as HOAs increase at first month post-operatively then, return to the pre-operative level by 3rd month. However, anterior segment parameters show significant changes which may need longer follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada A Nassar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: Ghada A Nassar, 10 Said Street, Heliopolis, Cairo, 11757, Egypt, Tel +2 01222397300, Fax +20223636504, Email
| | - Ezzat N Abbas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ehab Tharwat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Mohammed
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hansen MM, Bach-Holm D, Kessel L. Biometry and corneal aberrations after cataract surgery in childhood. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 50:590-597. [PMID: 35524701 PMCID: PMC9546075 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background To report long‐term biometric and refractive outcomes in a group of Danish children after surgery for childhood cataract. Methods Children between 7 and 18 years who had undergone uni‐ or bilateral cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, were examined in this cross‐sectional study. Swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) based optical biometry (IOLmaster 700) and anterior tomography (Pentacam) was performed. Healthy fellow eyes from those with unilateral cataract were used as controls. Results We included 56 children in the study with a median age at surgery of 43.8 months (1.6–137.6). The amount of higher order aberrations was significantly increased in operated eyes (median root mean square 0.461 μm [range 0.264–1.484]) compared with non‐operated eyes (median root mean square 0.337 μm [range 0.162–0.498], p < 0.001). Younger age at surgery was positively associated with more higher order aberrations at follow‐up (p < 0.001), but we found no significant associations between the amount of higher order aberrations and visual acuity or contrast vision. Longer axial length was associated to glaucoma while shorter axial length was associated to strabismus (p < 0.001). Conclusions Eyes operated for childhood cataract have higher order aberrations compared with non‐operated eyes. Higher order aberrations are complex refractive errors that cannot be corrected by normal lenses and may contribute to poor visual outcomes for the children. We found an association between young age at surgery and higher order aberrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Møller Hansen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Daniella Bach-Holm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kandel S, Chaudhary M, Mishra SK, Joshi ND, Subedi M, Puri PR, Gyawali P, Bist J, Kandel H. Evaluation of corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations for detecting subclinical keratoconus. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:594-608. [PMID: 35147226 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations in keratoconic and normal eyes; to investigate their association in keratoconic eyes; and to determine their diagnostic ability for detecting subclinical keratoconus in a Nepalese population. METHODS Ninety-six eyes of 48 keratoconus patients and 50 normal eyes of 50 control subjects were included in this study. The eyes of keratoconus patients were classified into four different study groups: subclinical, stage 1, stage 2 and advanced stage keratoconus. In each eye, corneal topography, pachymetry and corneal aberrometry indices were measured using a Sirius corneal tomographer. The study parameters of keratoconic eyes were compared with normal eyes, and the possible association of corneal aberrometry with topography and pachymetry indices was investigated. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves along with optimal cutoff values with best sensitivity and specificity were also determined for each index to detect subclinical keratoconus. RESULTS All the indices except average keratometry measurements (Kavg and mmavg ) and spherical aberration (SA) were found to be significantly different in subclinical keratoconus compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In keratoconic eyes, all corneal aberrations were significantly correlated with the topography and pachymetry indices (range of ρ: -0.25 to 0.96; all p < 0.05) except for trefoil and minimum corneal thickness (Thkmin ). All the indices except Kavg , mmavg and SA showed excellent diagnostic ability (AUC > 0.90) in detecting subclinical keratoconus. The cutoff values proposed for the asymmetry index of the corneal back surface (SIb ), Strehl ratio of point spread function (PSF), coma and Baiocchi-Calossi-Versaci index of corneal back surface (BCVb ) each showed excellent sensitivity (100%) and specificity (≥97%). CONCLUSIONS Corneal higher order aberrations were found to be significantly elevated in subclinical keratoconus compared to healthy controls. SIb , PSF, coma and BCVb were identified as the most powerful Sirius indices for the detection of subclinical keratoconus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kandel
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Meenu Chaudhary
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sanjeeb K Mishra
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Niraj D Joshi
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Manish Subedi
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Prajjol R Puri
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Parash Gyawali
- B.P. Koirala Lions Center for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jeewanand Bist
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Himal Kandel
- Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee CY, Wu WC, Yeung L, Chen HC, Chen KJ, Chen YP, Hwang YS, Lai CC. Higher Order Aberrations following Scleral Buckling Surgery in Patients with Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121643. [PMID: 34946371 PMCID: PMC8701237 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to evaluate magnitudes of higher order aberrations (HOAs) from 3rd–6th order after scleral buckling (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). A retrospective cross-sectional study of 19 patients with RRD who received SB (six receiving encircling SB, thirteen receiving segmental SB) was conducted. A wavefront analysis for surveying HOAs and other ophthalmic parameters were collected. Data between operated and fellow eyes, and a subgroup analysis of operated eyes, were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test, while a generalized linear model was applied to evaluate the correlation of HOAs to best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical symptoms. BCVA in the operated eyes was significantly worse (LogMAR: 0.18 ± 0.23 versus 0.05 ± 0.07, p = 0.001). Tilt (0.32 ± 0.14 versus 0.13 ± 0.08, p = 0.004), defocus (1.78 ± 0.47 versus 1.05 ± 0.17, p = 0.019) and coma (0.43 ± 0.11 versus 0.27 ± 0.09, p = 0.016) were significantly increased after SB. All root mean square (RMS), including RMS-3, RMS-4 and total RMS, were higher in operated eyes (all p < 0.05). Regarding Zernike terms, a significant elevation of vertical coma in the operated eyes was found (p = 0.038). In addition, tilt (0.41 ± 0.10 versus 0.17 ± 0.12, p = 0.007), defocus (2.27 ± 0.58 versus 0.82 ± 0.39, p = 0.001) and coma (0.59 ± 0.17 versus 0.11 ± 0.10, p = 0.015) were higher in the segmental subgroup, whereas spherical aberration (SA) was higher in the encircling subgroup (0.22 ± 0.04 versus 0.40 ± 0.15, p = 0.024) and RMS-4 and total RMS were increased in the segmental subgroup (both p < 0.05). Besides, tilt was correlated to worse BCVA (p = 0.036), whereas all four HOAs were correlated to the presence of optical symptoms (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, SB may increase HOAs, which could be associated with unfavorable postoperative visual outcomes and subject symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 50093, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (K.-J.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Ling Yeung
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (K.-J.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 8666)
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (K.-J.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Yen-Po Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tucheng Municipal Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (K.-J.C.); (Y.-S.H.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (L.Y.); (Y.-P.C.); (C.-C.L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elshawarby MA, Saad A, Helmy T, Seleet MM, Elraggal T. Functional optical zone after wavefront-optimized versus wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2021; 10:129-137. [PMID: 37641710 PMCID: PMC10460224 DOI: 10.51329/mehdiophthal1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Many studies have used functional optical zone (FOZ) as a measure to compare different refractive laser treatment modalities. However, to our knowledge, no study has compared wavefront- optimized (WFO) and wavefront-guided (WFG) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using FOZ. We compared the FOZ after WFO versus WFG LASIK in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods In this prospective comparative study, we included 100 myopic eyes of 50 patients with or without astigmatism. They were divided into two groups according to the platform used: WFO or WFG femtosecond LASIK. Using Holladay's equivalent keratometry reading (EKR) report of Pentacam HR, FOZ was defined as a zone centered on the pupil center with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.5 D, around the mean EKR. The differences in FOZ between the two platforms were analyzed at 3 months postoperatively. Visual acuity, refractive error, corneal asphericity (Q-value), and root mean square of higher-order aberrations (RMS for HOAs) were evaluated and compared. Results The mean (SD) of patient age was 26.64 (5.67) years. The preoperative characteristics of the two groups were comparable (all P > 0.05). The intended optical zone (IOZ) was 6 mm in both groups. The mean laser ablation depth was significantly greater in the WFG group (18 µm per D) than in the WFO group (16 µm per D) (P = 0.035). At 3 months postoperatively, the mean (SD) of FOZ diameter was 4.32 (0.94) mm (71.99% [15.68%] of intended optical zone) in the WFO group and 4.16 (1.13) mm (69.33% [18.78%] of intended optical zone) in the WFG group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.622). The change in corneal asphericity was greater in the WFG group than in the WFO group (P = 0.034). Postoperative mean corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, and RMS for HOAs showed no significant difference between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions We found that WFG LASIK resulted in greater ablation depth and change in corneal asphericity than WFO LASIK at 3 months postoperatively. However, there was no significant difference in FOZ diameter, refractive error, and RMS for HOAs between the two groups. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Saad
- Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thanaa Helmy
- Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mouamen M Seleet
- Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Elraggal
- Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hovanesian JA, Berdy GJ, Epitropoulos A, Holladay JT. Effect of Cyclosporine 0.09% Treatment on Accuracy of Preoperative Biometry and Higher Order Aberrations in Dry Eye Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery. Clin Ophthalmol 2021; 15:3679-3686. [PMID: 34511871 PMCID: PMC8420800 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s325659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the effect of topical cyclosporine 0.09% on ocular surface regularity and the predictive accuracy of preoperative corneal power measurements in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Setting Private practice. Design Open-label, multicenter, prospective study. Methods Seventy-five patients (75 eyes) who presented for cataract surgery evaluation with signs of dry eye disease were prescribed topical cyclosporine 0.09% for 28 days BID. Corneal curvature measurements, slit lamp exam, and Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire were evaluated at the initial and follow-up visits. Cataract surgery occurred 1 to 3 weeks after the second biometry visit. Refraction and corrected distance visual acuity measurements were performed 1-month post-surgery. The primary outcome was the difference in absolute prediction error of 1-month spherical equivalent refractive outcome before and after cyclosporine treatment. Secondary outcomes included the effect of topical cyclosporine 0.09% on ocular surface irregularity. Results Sixty-four patients completed the study. The absolute prediction error of 1-month spherical equivalent refractive outcome was 0.39 ± 0.30 D vs 0.33 ± 0.25 D (P < 0.03) before and after treatment, respectively. The proportion of eyes that achieved the target refraction was greater based on measurements after topical cyclosporine 0.09% than would have occurred using pre-treatment measurements. Conclusion Cataract surgery patients with dry eye who are prescribed topical cyclosporine 0.09% BID for 28 days pre-surgery showed a statistically significant improvement in the prediction error of the spherical equivalent outcome of surgery. Other measures of dry eye severity showed significant improvements after treatment.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tomiyama ES, Hu C, Marsack JD, Richdale K. Greater higher order aberrations induced by toric orthokeratology versus soft toric multifocal contact lens wear. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2021; 41:726-735. [PMID: 34076904 PMCID: PMC8217292 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spherical orthokeratology and soft multifocal contact lenses are commonly used for myopia control and correction, but have been shown to increase spherical aberration, coma and total higher order root mean square (HORMS) aberrations. There are limited myopia control contact lens options for patients with moderate to high astigmatism. The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in higher order aberrations (HOA) in myopic astigmatic eyes fitted with toric orthokeratology (TOK) and soft toric multifocal (STM) contact lenses. METHODS Ocular wavefront aberrations were measured in both eyes of 30 adult subjects and are reported through the 6th radial order over a 5 mm, dilated pupil. All eyes met refractive criteria of myopia (-5.00 D to plano) and cylinder (-3.50 to -1.25 D). Three measurements were taken at baseline and after 10 ± 2 days of lens wear (TOK, STM). Sixteen subjects achieved logMAR high contrast visual acuity of 0.30 or better in both eyes and were included in this analysis. Repeated measures analysis of variance and post-hoc paired t-tests were used, as appropriate, with Benjamini-Hochberg correction. RESULTS Higher order root mean square, spherical aberration (C12), and coma RMS (C7, C8) increased with TOK (0.641 [0.222], 0.409 [0.157], 0.426 [0.187] µm, respectively) and STM (0.481 [0.107], 0.223 [0.139], 0.320 [0.130] µm, respectively) from baseline (all p < 0.001). TOK was elevated compared to STM for HORMS (p = 0.03), spherical aberration (p = 0.001) and coma RMS (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Toric orthokeratology induced more HORMS, spherical aberration and coma RMS than STM in myopic astigmats; however, both lens types showed an increase in HOA compared to baseline, which placed patients outside the age and pupil size matched normative ranges. While the optical changes that accompany these modalities are helpful for myopia management, the induction of HOAs may have unintended consequences on visual performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Tomiyama
- University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chuan Hu
- University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason D Marsack
- University of Houston College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Taskov G, Taskov T. Higher Order Aberrations (HOA) Changes after Femto-LASIK in Topography and Wavefrontguided Treatments. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2021; 62:331-337. [PMID: 32666768 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.62.e39507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Publications have focused on comparing the effect of various methods of refractive surgery or ablation profiles on higher order aberrations (HOA), yet the effect of WG compared to TG ablation in femtosecond laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis femto-LASIK on HOAs has not been studied adequately. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed the changes of HOAs before and after femto-LASIK for simple myopia or compound myopic astigmatism after topography-guided (TG) and wavefront-guided (WG) ablation profiles. In this retrospective study, 42 eyes underwent TG and 31 WG femto-LASIK. RESULTS The total HOAs increased from 0.41±0.16 μm pre-operatively to 0.66±0.30 μm post-operatively in the TG group and from 0.42±0.13 μm pre-operatively to 0.59±0.27 μm post-operatively in the WG group without statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, the postoperative change of secondary astigmatism showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups [0.20 (0.0-0.53) vs. 0.0 (0.0-0.20) for TG and WG groups, respectively; p=0.009]. CONCLUSIONS The total HOAs increased compared to pre-operative data, in both the TG and WG ablation profile groups. The extent of increase of secondary astigmatism was significantly lower in the WG group, which might favour the postoperative quality of vision.
Collapse
|
13
|
Vincent SJ, Tan Q, Ng ALK, Cheng GPM, Woo VCP, Cho P. Higher order aberrations and axial elongation in combined 0.01% atropine with orthokeratology for myopia control. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:728-737. [PMID: 32888318 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the changes in higher order aberrations (HOA's) for photopic and mesopic pupil diameters in children undergoing orthokeratology treatment (OK) or combined 0.01% atropine with orthokeratology treatment (AOK), and their association with axial elongation. METHODS Children aged 6 to <11 years with 1.00-4.00 D of myopia were randomly assigned to each treatment group. Photopic and mesopic pupil diameters were quantified using automated pupillometry and HOA's were measured with a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer and Badal system to control for accommodation. HOA's were rescaled to photopic and mesopic pupil diameters and fitted with a 6th order Zernike polynomial expansion. Axial length was measured using an optical biometer under cycloplegia. RESULTS Baseline and six-month data from 25 AOK and 28 OK participants were analysed. At the six-month visit, pupil diameter was larger in the AOK group under photopic conditions (3.70 ± 0.42 vs 3.12 ± 0.33 mm, p < 0.001), along with a range of HOA metrics [3rd to 6th order and higher order root mean square error values (HO RMS), all p ≤ 0.003] and individual Zernike terms (primary spherical aberration, and oblique quadrafoil, both p ≤ 0.03). Axial elongation was greater in the OK treatment group (0.05 ± 0.08 vs -0.01 ± 0.12 mm, p = 0.02). In the AOK group, axial elongation was correlated with the increase in photopic pupil diameter (r = -0.45, p = 0.02) and with several HOA metrics; however, these associations were not observed in the OK group. CONCLUSION AOK treatment resulted in increased photopic pupil size and HOA's, and significantly less axial elongation over a six-month period compared to OK treatment alone. The improved myopia control observed with combination 0.01% atropine and orthokeratology may be a result of an enhanced optical effect due to a larger photopic pupil size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Vincent
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Centre for Vision and Eye Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Qi Tan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Alex L K Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Ophthalmic Associates, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Victor C P Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Ophthalmic Associates, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pauline Cho
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wallace HB, Misra SL, McKelvie J. Validation of Mahajan's formula for scaling ocular higher-order aberrations by pupil size. Indian J Ophthalmol 2020; 68:1067-1072. [PMID: 32461431 PMCID: PMC7508118 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_773_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Zernike polynomials for describing ocular higher order aberrations are affected by pupil aperture. The current study aimed to validate Mahajan’s formula for scaling Zernike polynomials by pupil size. Methods: Higher order aberrations for 3 intraocular lens models (AcrySof IQ IOL SN60WF, Technis ZA9003, Adapt Advanced Optics) were measured using the Zywave aberrometer and a purpose-built physical model eye. Zernike coefficients were mathematically scaled from a 5 mm to a 3 mm pupil diameter (5:3 mm), from a 5 mm to a 2 mm pupil diameter (5:2 mm), and from a 3 mm to a 2 mm pupil diameter (3:2 mm). Agreement between the scaled coefficients and the measured coefficients at the same pupil aperture was assessed using the Bland–Altman method in R statistical software. Results: No statistically significant mean difference (MD) occurred between the scaled and measured Zernike coefficients for 21 of 23 analyses after Holm-Bonferroni correction (P > 0.05). Mean differences between the scaled and measured Zernike coefficients were clinically insignificant for all aberrations up to the fourth order, and within 0.10 μm. Oblique secondary astigmatism (Z−24) was significantly different in the 5:3 mm comparison (MD = - 0.04 μm, P < 0.01). Horizontal coma (Z13) was significantly different in the 3:2 mm comparison (MD = - 0.07 μm, P = 0.03). There were borderline statistical differences in both vertical (Z−13) and horizontal coma (Z13) in the 5:3 mm comparison (MD = 0.02 μm, - 0.09 μm, P = 0.05, 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: A formula for the scaling of higher order aberrations by pupil size is validated as accurate. Pupil scaling enables accurate comparison of individual higher order aberrations in clinical research for situations involving different pupil sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry B Wallace
- The Department of Ophthalmology, The New Zealand National Eye Centre, The Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stuti L Misra
- The Department of Ophthalmology, The New Zealand National Eye Centre, The Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James McKelvie
- The Department of Ophthalmology, The New Zealand National Eye Centre, The Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kumar M, Shetty R, Lalgudi VG, Vincent SJ. Scleral lens wear following penetrating keratoplasty: changes in corneal curvature and optics. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2020; 40:502-509. [PMID: 32436631 DOI: 10.1111/opo.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Visual rehabilitation following penetrating keratoplasty is the primary indication for approximately 15% of all scleral lens fittings. Since corneal biomechanics are altered following penetrating keratoplasty, the aim of this study was to quantify changes in anterior corneal optics following short-term scleral lens wear in eyes with corneal grafts. METHODS Scheimpflug images were obtained before and after a period of scleral lens wear (mean 6.3 ± 1.4 h), from eyes that had previously undergone penetrating keratoplasty (10 eyes of nine participants, mean age 31 ± 9 years). Corneal power and thickness data were examined over the central 6 mm, including regional analyses of the central (0-3 mm) and the mid-peripheral cornea (3-6 mm annulus) using customised software to deterime corneal power vectors M (best fit sphere), J0 (90/180 astigmatism) and J45 (45/135 astigmatism). Anterior corneal aberrations were extracted using corneal elevation data. RESULTS Corneal power vector J45 increased following lens wear (by 0.22 ± 0.05 D, p = 0.003) across the central 6 mm, while M displayed regional variations following lens wear indicating larger changes further from the corneal centre (p = 0.004). The change in corneal power vector M was also correlated with the magnitude of central corneal swelling (r = 0.65, p = 0.04). The anterior corneal aberration terms of oblique astigmatism, hoirzontal coma, and spherical aberration also varied following lens wear (all p ≤ 0.01). The mean change in the corneal spherocylinder derived from the elevation data following lens wear was +0.14/-0.54 × 44 for a 6 mm corneal diameter. CONCLUSIONS Clinically significant alterations in anterior corneal topography and higher order aberrations were observed following short-term scleral lens wear in eyes that had undergone penetrating keratoplasty. Spherocylindrical changes were approximately double the magnitude and more oblique in orientation compared to previous reports of healthy eyes. Changes in corneal power vector M may be related to epithelial corneal oedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Stephen J Vincent
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry & Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hughes RP, Vincent SJ, Read SA, Collins MJ. Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review. Clin Exp Optom 2019; 103:68-85. [PMID: 31489693 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from animal and human studies suggests that ocular growth is influenced by visual experience. Reduced retinal image quality and imposed optical defocus result in predictable changes in axial eye growth. Higher order aberrations are optical imperfections of the eye that alter retinal image quality despite optimal correction of spherical defocus and astigmatism. Since higher order aberrations reduce retinal image quality and produce variations in optical vergence across the entrance pupil of the eye, they may provide optical signals that contribute to the regulation and modulation of eye growth and refractive error development. The magnitude and type of higher order aberrations vary with age, refractive error, and during near work and accommodation. Furthermore, distinctive changes in higher order aberrations occur with various myopia control treatments, including atropine, near addition spectacle lenses, orthokeratology and soft multifocal and dual-focus contact lenses. Several plausible mechanisms have been proposed by which higher order aberrations may influence axial eye growth, the development of refractive error, and the treatment effect of myopia control interventions. Future studies of higher order aberrations, particularly during childhood, accommodation, and treatment with myopia control interventions are required to further our understanding of their potential role in refractive error development and eye growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Pj Hughes
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen J Vincent
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott A Read
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael J Collins
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pachtaev NP, Kulikov IV, Pikusova SN. [Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery in patients with lens subluxation]. Vestn Oftalmol 2019; 134:65-72. [PMID: 29953084 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma2018134365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the results of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS) in patients with 1-2 degree lens subluxation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The follow-up involved 86 patients (89 eyes). The 1st group comprised 34 patients (35 eyes) that underwent FLACS; the 2nd group included 52 patients (54 eyes) who underwent CPCS. RESULTS At day four of the follow-up central corneal thickness was significantly lower after FLACS (pm-u=0.024), but the difference did not remain statistically reliable by 1.5 months after the surgery. At discharge day and 4 months after the surgery uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) after FLACS reliably exceeded UCVA of the 2nd group patients (pm-u=0.00) with mean UCVA being 0.61±0.29 and 0.42±0.25 respectively. Internal higher order aberrations (HOA) in 5.0 mm zone in the 1st group decreased by 4 times and amounted to 0.236±0.06 μm, in the 2nd group increased by 4.1 times and was 4.606±8.16 μm; the difference between the groups was statistically significant (pm-u<0.001). Mean endothelial cells density after FLACS was 2551.91±321.55 cells/mm2, after CPCS - 2352.35±436.68 cells/mm2 (pm-u<0.005). Complications after FLACS included 2 cases (5.71%) of posterior capsular rupture and 1 case (2.8%) of post-op corneal edema; patients after CPCS had 6 (11.1%) and 12 (22.2%) complication cases respectively. CONCLUSION FLACS is the safer and more effective surgery choice for patients with 1-2 degree lens subluxation in comparison with CPCS; it decreases the risk of possible complications and provides faster postoperative rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N P Pachtaev
- Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 10 Traktorostroiteley pr., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation, 428000; Postgraduate Doctors' Training Institute, Ministry of Health of the Chuvash Republic, 3 Krasnaya Sq., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation, 428032; Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, 15 Moskovskiy pr., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation, 428010
| | - I V Kulikov
- Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 10 Traktorostroiteley pr., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation, 428000
| | - S N Pikusova
- Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 10 Traktorostroiteley pr., Cheboksary, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation, 428000
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tiwari NN, Sachdev GS, Ramamurthy S, Dandapani R. Comparative analysis of visual outcomes and ocular aberrations following wavefront optimized and topography-guided customized femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and myopic astigmatism: A contralateral eye study. Indian J Ophthalmol 2018; 66:1558-1561. [PMID: 30355860 PMCID: PMC6213678 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_507_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the visual outcomes and higher order aberrations (HOAs) following wavefront optimized (WFO) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) versus topography-guided customized ablation (TCAT) LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods: Patients who underwent femtosecond-assisted LASIK for myopic correction between August 2016 and October 2017 were included in this interventional prospective case series. The following parameters were evaluated preoperatively and at 3 months’ postoperative visit: uncorrected distance vision acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance vision acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, and HOAs. Results: Two hundred eyes of 100 patients were included in the study. At 3 months’ postoperative visit, 92% and 90% eyes in the TCAT and WFO groups, respectively, demonstrated a UDVA of 20/20 or better (P = 0.90). A residual manifest spherical equivalent within 0.5 D was achieved in 100% and 95% of the eyes in the TCAT and WFO groups, respectively (P = 0.10). No significant difference was observed in the HOAs induced in both the groups, with slightly lower induction of trefoil and horizontal coma in the TCAT group. Conclusion: Both groups demonstrated similar refractive efficacy and predictability, with greater gain of CDVA following TCAT ablation. HOAs induced were not significantly different between the two groups. Further studies are needed to validate the superiority of one procedure over the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin N Tiwari
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, The Eye Foundation, 582A, DB Road, RS Puram, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gitansha S Sachdev
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, The Eye Foundation, 582A, DB Road, RS Puram, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shreyas Ramamurthy
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, The Eye Foundation, 582A, DB Road, RS Puram, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramamurthy Dandapani
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, The Eye Foundation, 582A, DB Road, RS Puram, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Uysal BS, Sarac O, Yaman D, Akcay E, Cagil N. Optical Performance of the Cornea One Year Following Keratoconus Treatment with Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:1415-1421. [PMID: 30012019 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1501802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study is to assess changes in optical performance of the cornea in patients with keratoconus following treatment with corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and eleven eyes of 111 consecutive keratoconus patients with 12-month follow-up after CXL were included. The changes in the visual acuity, manifest refractive errors, and corneal topographic parameters were evaluated. Sirius dual-scanning corneal tomography was used to determine the effectiveness of CXL on each patient's total corneal optical quality; preoperative and 12-month postoperative measurements were analyzed over a 4-mm stimulated pupil and were compared with regards to higher order corneal aberrations (total amount of higher order aberrations [HOAs], vertical coma, horizontal coma, vertical trefoil, oblique trefoil, and spherical aberration), vertical and horizontal modulation transfer function (MTF), and Strehl ratio of point spread function (PSF). RESULTS At 12 months, there was a significant improvement in mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) (P < 0.001), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (P < 0.001), spherical equivalent refraction (P = 0.007), and manifest astigmatic refraction (P < 0.001). The corneal topographic measurements revealed a significant decrease in the mean simulated keratometry-1, simulated keratometry -2, and maximum keratometry compared with the baseline measurements (P < 0.001, for all). In addition, there were significant improvements in mean root mean square error values for corneal total HOA (P < 0.001), vertical coma (P < 0.001), and vertical trefoil (P = 0.008) following CXL. Mean MTF and Strehl ratio did not change after CXL (P > 0.05). The improvement in UCVA significantly correlated with the changes in vertical trefoil (r = -0.191, P = 0.044), and the improvement in BCVA and the changes in manifest astigmatic correction were also significantly correlated (r = -0.247, P = 0.009) 12 months after CXL. CONCLUSIONS CXL treatment for keratoconus led to an improvement in visual, refractive, topographic, and most corneal HOAs outcomes at the 12-month follow-up. However, these improvements were not enough to increase corneal MTF and the Strehl ratio of PSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betul Seher Uysal
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ozge Sarac
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Derya Yaman
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Emine Akcay
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nurullah Cagil
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Godefrooij DA, Kandoussi ME, Soeters N, Wisse RP. Higher order optical aberrations and visual acuity in a randomized controlled trial comparing transepithelial versus epithelium-off corneal crosslinking for progressive keratoconus. Clin Ophthalmol 2017; 11:1931-1936. [PMID: 29133974 PMCID: PMC5669787 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s139358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of transepithelial crosslinking (trans-CXL) versus epithelium-off crosslinking (epi-off CXL) for progressive keratoconus with respect to the development of higher order aberrations (HOAs) and their effects on visual acuity. Materials and methods A total of 61 patients were randomized and examined preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively in an academic referral center. Total corneal HOAs were compared between the two treatment groups using mixed linear modeling. Types of HOAs (coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration) that differed between groups were entered in a multivariable analysis to test their effect on uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Results The epi-off CXL group had more flattening in maximal keratometry compared to the trans-CXL group (P=0.02). UDVA did not differ significantly between the groups (P=0.59); however, CDVA was significantly more improved in the trans-CXL group (P=0.02). Horizontal trefoil improved more in the epi-off group compared to the trans-CXL group (P=0.04), whereas the other HOAs were virtually unchanged in both groups. Differences in changes in HOAs between the two groups had no effect on either UCVA (P=0.76) or CDVA (P=0.96). Conclusion Although HOAs are clinically relevant determinants of vision quality in keratoconus patients, the change in total HOAs post treatment did not differ between the trans-CXL and epi-off CXL groups. Only horizontal trefoil differed significantly post treatment between the trans-CXL and epi-off CXL groups. However, this difference did not independently affect either UDVA or CDVA. Trans-CXL provides no benefit over epi-off CXL regarding visual relevant HOAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Godefrooij
- Utrecht Cornea Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mustapha El Kandoussi
- Utrecht Cornea Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nienke Soeters
- Utrecht Cornea Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Pl Wisse
- Utrecht Cornea Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Motwani M. The use of WaveLight ® Contoura to create a uniform cornea: the LYRA Protocol. Part 1: the effect of higher-order corneal aberrations on refractive astigmatism. Clin Ophthalmol 2017; 11:897-905. [PMID: 28553069 PMCID: PMC5440064 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s133839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate how higher-order corneal aberrations can cancel out, modify, or induce lower-order corneal astigmatism. Patients and methods Six representative eyes are presented that show different scenarios in which higher-order aberrations interacting with corneal astigmatism can affect the manifest refraction. WaveLight® Contoura ablation maps showing the higher-order aberrations are shown, as are results of correction with full measured correction using the LYRA (Layer Yolked Reduction of Astigmatism) Protocol. Results Higher-order corneal aberrations such as trefoil, quadrafoil, and coma can create ovalization of the central cornea, which can interact with the ovalization caused by lower-order astigmatism to either induce, cancel out, or modify the manifest refraction. Contoura processing successfully determines the linkage of these interactions resulting in full astigmatism removal. Purely lenticular astigmatism appears to be rare, but a case is also demonstrated. The author theorizes that all aberrations require cerebral compensatory processing and can be removed, supported by the facts that full removal of aberrations and its linkage with lower-order astigmatism with the LYRA Protocol has not resulted in worse or unacceptable vision for any patients. Conclusion Higher-order aberrations interacting with lower-order astigmatism is the main reason for the differences between manifest refraction and Contoura measured astigmatism, and the linkage between these interactions can be successfully treated using Contoura and the LYRA Protocol. Lenticular astigmatism is relatively rare.
Collapse
|
22
|
Motwani M. The use of WaveLight ® Contoura to create a uniform cornea: the LYRA Protocol. Part 2: the consequences of treating astigmatism on an incorrect axis via excimer laser. Clin Ophthalmol 2017; 11:907-913. [PMID: 28553070 PMCID: PMC5440067 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s133840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To show how an incorrect manifest astigmatism axis can cause an abnormal induced astigmatism on a new axis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four eyes of three patients were treated primarily with WaveLight® EX500 wavefront optimized (WFO) treatments for astigmatism. All four eyes needed enhancements and were analyzed retrospectively via WaveLight® Contoura to determine the reason for the incorrect astigmatism treatment. Two of the eyes were retreated with topographic-guided ablation, and two were treated with WFO correction. RESULTS The eyes that had an incorrect manifest axis resulted in a new abnormal induced astigmatism on a wholly new axis. Treatment with topographic-guided ablation completely eliminated the newly induced astigmatism. Treatment with WFO of an abnormal induced astigmatism corrected the refraction but still left topographic evidence of the abnormal astigmatism behind. One eye was incorrectly treated for astigmatism due to coma affecting refraction when the patient was dilated. This eye had a normal induced astigmatism on a perpendicular axis and was corrected using WFO. The use of manifest refraction with WaveLight® Contoura topographic-guided ablation will lead to incorrect astigmatism correction when the manifest astigmatism and axis differ from the WaveLight® Contoura measured. CONCLUSION Correction of an incorrect manifest refraction astigmatic axis does not simply create undercorrection of the astigmatism but induces an entirely new abnormal astigmatism on a different axis. Manifest refraction is less accurate and can lead to abnormal astigmatism when laser ablation is performed.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate how Wavelight Contoura can be used to repair corneas damaged by trauma and prior poor surgical outcomes. Methods Four representative eyes are presented that show different scenarios in which highly irregular corneas can be corrected with Wavelight Contoura using a protocol (named the San Diego Protocol) designed to use the information in Contoura processing. Both laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) were used. Results Highly aberrant corneas with large amounts of warpage can be corrected safely with the Wavelight Contoura system. The San Diego Protocol requires individual analysis of each case with decisions based on the level of warpage and the level of epithelial hyperplastic compensation. The need for a second refractive power equalization procedure should be planned for. Conclusion Contoura measured refraction can be integrally used as part of the San Diego Protocol to safely repair highly warped corneas. The refractive outcomes show dramatic improvement in vision, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, and topographic uniformity.
Collapse
|
24
|
Adib-Moghaddam S, Soleyman-Jahi S, Adili-Aghdam F, Arba Mosquera S, Hoorshad N, Tofighi S. Single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in high myopia: qualitative and quantitative visual functions. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:445-452. [PMID: 28393038 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.03.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate quantitative and qualitative optical outcomes of single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) in high myopia. METHODS In a prospective interventional case-series, 30 eyes with high myopia (-6.00 to -8.75 D) with (up to -3.00 D) or without astigmatism were enrolled from Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. One-step TransPRK was performed with aberration-free aspherical optimized profile and SCHWIND AMARIS 500 laser. One-year follow-up results for refraction, visual acuities, vector analysis, ocular wave-front (OWF) and corneal wave-front (CWF) higher order aberrations (HOA), contrast sensitivity (CS), and post-operative haze were assessed. RESULTS After the surgery, both photopic and mesopic CSs significantly improved (both P<0.001). We detected significant induction of OWF coma and trefoil (P<0.001 for both) HOAs; CWF coma (P=0.002), spherical (P<0.001), and tetrafoil (P=0.003) HOAs in 6 mm analysis diameter; and CWF trefoil (P=0.04) HOA in 4 mm analysis diameter. The range of mean induction observed for various HOAs was 0.005-0.11 µm. The 86.7% of eyes reached an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better; 96.7% of eyes were within ±0.5 D of targeted spherical refraction. In vector analysis, mean correction index value was 1.03 and mean index of success was 0.22. By 12mo after the operation, no eye lost any number of corrected distance visual acuity lines. We detected no corneal haze greater than 1+ throughout the follow-up. CONCLUSION Our findings show promising effects of single-step TransPRK on quality of vision in high myopic eyes. It also improves refraction and visual acuity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Adib-Moghaddam
- Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran 1634764651, Iran; TransPRK Research Group, Tehran 1586863813, Iran; Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Saeed Soleyman-Jahi
- Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran 1634764651, Iran; TransPRK Research Group, Tehran 1586863813, Iran; Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Adili-Aghdam
- Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran 1634764651, Iran; TransPRK Research Group, Tehran 1586863813, Iran; Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Samuel Arba Mosquera
- Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran; SCHWIND Eye-Tech-Solutions, Kleinostheim D-63797, Germany; Instituto de Oftalmobiología Aplicada, University of Valladolid, Valladolid 8-47002, Spain
| | - Niloofar Hoorshad
- Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran 1634764651, Iran; TransPRK Research Group, Tehran 1586863813, Iran; Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Salar Tofighi
- Bina Eye Hospital, Tehran 1634764651, Iran; TransPRK Research Group, Tehran 1586863813, Iran; Universal Council of Ophthalmology (UCO), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rajabi MT, Korouji S, Farjadnia M, Naderan M, Rajabi MB, Khosravi B, Tabatabaie SM. Higher order aberration comparison between two aspherical intraocular lenses: MC6125AS and Akreos advanced optics. Int J Ophthalmol 2015; 8:565-8. [PMID: 26086009 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2015.03.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare higher order aberrations in two aspherical intraocular lenses (IOLs): Akreos advanced optics (AO) and Dr. Schmidt Microcrystalline 6125 aspheric anterior surface (MC6125AS) with each other. METHODS Forty eyes of 39 patients underwent phacoemulsification and Akreos AO and MC6125AS were implanted in their eyes in a random manner. Three months post-operatively, higher order aberrations including spherical aberration, coma aberration, and total aberrations were measured and compared. RESULTS The total aberration was 0.24±0.17 in eyes with Dr. Schmidt and 0.20±0.01 in eyes with Akreos AO (P=0.361). The mean of coma aberration was 0.17±0.21 and 0.09±0.86 in Dr. Schmidt and Akreos lenses, respectively (P=0.825). Total spherical aberration was almost the same in both groups (Mean: 0.05, P=0.933). Best corrected visual acuity in Akreos AO (0.10±0.68) and Dr. Schmidt (0.09±0.67) did not differ significantly (P=0.700). CONCLUSION There is no statistically significant difference in the higher order aberrations between these two aspherical lenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taher Rajabi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Sara Korouji
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Mahgol Farjadnia
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naderan
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Rajabi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Bahram Khosravi
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaie
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Qazvin Square, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Prakash G, Suhail M, Srivastava D. Predictive Analysis Between Topographic, Pachymetric and Wavefront Parameters in Keratoconus, Suspects and Normal Eyes: Creating Unified Equations to Evaluate Keratoconus. Curr Eye Res 2015; 41:334-42. [PMID: 25803133 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1015143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform prediction analysis between topographic, pachymetric and wavefront parameters in keratoconus, suspects, and normal cases and to look at the possibility of a unified equation to evaluate keratoconus. METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study was done in cornea services of a specialty hospital. Fifty eyes of 50 candidates with a diagnosis of normal, keratoconus suspect, and keratoconus were included in each group (total 150 eyes). All eyes underwent detailed analysis on Scheimplug + Placido device (Sirius, CSO, Italy). Main parameters evaluated were topographic [maximum keratometry (Max Km), average keratometry and astigmatism at 3, 5, and 7 mm], pachymetric [central and minimum corneal thickness (MCT) and their difference, corneal volume] and corneal aberrations [higher order aberrations root-mean-square (HOARMS), coma, spherical, residual].Central tendency, predictive fits and regression models, were computed. RESULTS The measured variables had a significant difference in mean between the three groups (Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.001). Max Km, MCT, and HOARMS had significant fits with other topographic, pachymetric and wavefront parameters, respectively. Inter-relations between these three (Max Km, MCT, and HOARMS) were also stronger for keratoconus (R(2) from 0.75 to 0.33) compared to suspect/normal eyes (R(2) from 0.15 to 0.003). These three variables (Max Km, MCT and HOARMS) were used as representative variables to create the unified equations. The equation for the pooled data was (Kmax = 59.5 + 2.3 × HOARMS-0.03 × MCT; R(2)= 0.7, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Major variables used for grading keratoconus (MaxKm, MCT, HOARMS) can be linked by linear regression equations to predict the pathology's behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Prakash
- a Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery , NMC Eye Care, New Medical Center Specialty Hospital , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Suhail
- a Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery , NMC Eye Care, New Medical Center Specialty Hospital , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Dhruv Srivastava
- a Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery , NMC Eye Care, New Medical Center Specialty Hospital , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the in vivo aberrometric performance of two phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs); the Visian implantable contact lens (ICL) and the AcrySof Cachet PIOL. Methods Thirty eight eyes from 29 patients with an age range of 23–32 years and more than 9 D of myopia were divided into two groups; one group of 20 eyes received a Visian ICL model V4c, another group of 18 eyes received an AcrySof Cachet PIOL. Total higher order aberrations (HOAs) root mean square, total coma, and total spherical aberrations were recorded pre and 6 weeks postoperatively to evaluate and compare the aberrometric performance of the Visian ICL and the AcrySof Cachet PIOL implanted in highly myopic patients. Results Preoperatively, there were no significant differences in any studied parameters, except for preoperative spherical equivalent. Postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in the induction of HOAs between both PIOLs. The reduction in spherical aberrations was statistically significant in each group as well as in all study patients. Conclusion Both AcrySof Cachet PIOL and ICLs are effective phakic implants to correct high refractive errors. They both induce small amounts of negative spherical aberration that do not affect the total HOAs, yet reduce the positive ocular spherical aberration. This result is expected to improve the quality of vision in such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hm Hosny
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Murray IJ, Elliott SL, Pallikaris A, Werner JS, Choi S, Tahir HJ. The oblique effect has an optical component: orientation-specific contrast thresholds after correction of high-order aberrations. J Vis 2010; 10:10. [PMID: 20884505 PMCID: PMC2951275 DOI: 10.1167/10.11.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the high-order aberrations of the eye are not circularly symmetric. Hence, while it is well known that human vision is subject to cortically based orientation preference in cell tuning, the optics of the eye might also introduce some orientational anisotropy. We tested this idea by measuring contrast sensitivity at different orientations of sine-wave gratings when viewing through a closed-loop adaptive optics phoropter. Under aberration-corrected conditions, mean contrast sensitivity improved for all observers by a factor of 1.8× to 5×. The detectability of some orientations improved more than others. As expected, this orientation-specific effect varied between individuals. The sensitivity benefits were accurately predicted from MTF model simulations, demonstrating that the observed effects reflected the individual's pattern of high-order aberrations. In one observer, the orientation-specific effects were substantial: an improvement of 8× at one orientation and 2× in another orientation. The experiments confirm that, for conditions that are not diffraction limited, the optics of the eye introduce rotational asymmetry to the luminance distribution on the retina and that this impacts vision, inducing orientational anisotropy. These results suggest that the traditional view of meridional anisotropy having an entirely neural origin may be true for diffraction-limited pupils but that viewing through larger pupils introduces an additional orientation-specific optical component to this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Murray
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|