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Berdzik N, Jasiewicz B, Ostrowski K, Sierakowska A, Szlaużys M, Nowak D, Mrówczyńska L. Novel gramine-based bioconjugates obtained by click chemistry as cytoprotective compounds and potent antibacterial and antifungal agents. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37752775 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2261139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of indole-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole conjugates were synthesised by click chemistry. The haemolytic properties and cytoprotective activity of all the newly synthesised indole-triazole conjugates were tested in vitro. In addition, molecular docking was performed in silico for the selected conjugates to determine their antibacterial and antifungal properties. The results indicate that indole-triazole derivatives effectively protect human erythrocytes against free radical-induced haemolysis in a structure-dependent manner and that bis-indole-bis-triazole derivatives with alkyl linkers are excellent cytoprotective agents against oxidative haemolysis. The tested series of indole-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole conjugates may have an affinity for the active sites of specific protein domains (PDB IDs: 2Q85 and 5V5Z) according to molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Berdzik
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamil Ostrowski
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arleta Sierakowska
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Milda Szlaużys
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Damian Nowak
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Babijczuk K, Warżajtis B, Starzyk J, Mrówczyńska L, Jasiewicz B, Rychlewska U. Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity of Indole-Imidazole Complexes with ZnCl 2: Can Coordination Enhance the Functionality of Bioactive Ligands? Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104132. [PMID: 37241873 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the indole-imidazole hybrid ligands to coordinate with the Zn(II) ion and the resulting structures of this new class of coordination compounds were analyzed in order to determine their structural properties and biological functionalities. For this purpose, six novel Zn(II) complexes, [Zn(InIm)2Cl2] (1), [Zn(InMeIm)2Cl2] (2), [Zn(IniPrIm)2Cl2] (3), [Zn(InEtMeIm)2Cl2] (4), [Zn(InPhIm)2Cl2] (5) and [Zn2(InBzIm)2Cl2] (6) (where InIm is 3-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-indole), were synthesized by the reactions of ZnCl2 and the corresponding ligand in a 1:2 molar ratio in methanol solvent at an ambient temperature. The structural and spectral characterization of these complexes was performed using NMR, FT-IR and ESI-MS spectrometry and elemental analysis, and the crystal structures of 1-5 were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1-5 form polar supramolecular aggregates by utilizing, for this purpose, the N-H(indole)∙∙∙Cl(chloride) intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The assemblies thus formed differ depending on the distinctive molecular shape, which can be either compact or extended. All complexes were screened for their hemolytic, cytoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. The results show that the cytoprotective activity of the indole/imidazole ligand significantly increases upon its complexation with ZnCl2 up to a value comparable with the standard antioxidant Trolox, while the response of its substituted analogues is diverse and less pronounced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Babijczuk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Warżajtis
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Starzyk
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, University of Life Science, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Urszula Rychlewska
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Nishiuchi Y, Tateishi Y, Hirano H, Ozeki Y, Yamaguchi T, Miki M, Kitada S, Maruyama F, Matsumoto S. Direct Attachment with Erythrocytes Augments Extracellular Growth of Pathogenic Mycobacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0245421. [PMID: 35293805 PMCID: PMC9045221 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02454-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic intracellular mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium, which cause lung diseases, can grow in macrophages. Extracellular mycobacteria have been reported in the lungs, blood, and sputum of patients, indicating the involvement of these pathogens in disease progression. Erythrocytes are involved in the symptoms associated with pulmonary mycobacterial diseases, such as bloody sputum and hemoptysis; however, little attention has been paid to the role of erythrocytes in mycobacterial diseases. Herein, we found that Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) and Mycobacterium intracellulare colocalized with erythrocytes at the sites of lung infection, inside capillaries and necrotic areas of granulomas, using histopathological examinations. Electron microscopy showed that MAH adhered and entered human erythrocytes when they were cocultured in vitro. MAH adhered to erythrocytes through complement receptor 1 and cell-surface sialo-glycoproteins. Importantly, MAH grew vigorously without causing any pronounced damage to erythrocytes. This erythrocyte-mediated enhancement of MAH growth occurred extracellularly depending on its direct attachment to erythrocytes. In contrast, MAH failed to multiply inside erythrocytes. Similarly, erythrocytes augmented the growth of other pathogenic mycobacteria, such as M. intracellulare and M. tuberculosis. THP-1 cell-derived human macrophages preferentially phagocytosed erythrocytes that were attached to mycobacteria (compared to bacteria alone), suggesting that erythrocyte-attached mycobacteria are an efficient infectious source for macrophages. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of mycobacterial diseases and offer an alternative and useful strategy for treating mycobacterial disease. IMPORTANCE Pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH), and Mycobacterium intracellulare, cause pulmonary infections as intracellular parasites of lung macrophages and epithelial cells. Here, using histopathological examinations we found that MAH and M. intracellulare colocalized with erythrocytes in lung infection sites. Subsequent studies demonstrated that direct interaction with erythrocytes enhances the extracellular proliferation of mycobacteria based on the following results: 1. MAH adhered and invaded human erythrocytes upon coculture in vitro; 2. MAH adhered to erythrocytes through complement receptor 1 and cell-surface sialo-glycoproteins; 3. MAH rapidly proliferated when directly attached to erythrocytes but not within them; 4. other mycobacteria, such as M. intracellulare and M. tuberculosis, also proliferated in the same way as MAH. The finding that pathogenic mycobacteria grow extracellularly in an erythrocyte-dependent manner is of considerable clinical importance for understanding disease progression and latent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nishiuchi
- Toneyama Institute for Tuberculosis Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Toyonaka, Japan
- Office of Industry-Academia-Government and Community Collaboration, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirano
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Miki
- National Hospital Organization, Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Seigo Kitada
- National Hospital Organization, Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Office of Industry-Academia-Government and Community Collaboration, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Davidović-Plavšić B, Kukavica B, Škondrić S, Jimenez-Gallardo C, Žabić M. Wild garlic extract reduces lipid peroxidation in terbuthylazine-treated human erythrocytes. Biomarkers 2021; 26:617-624. [PMID: 34253103 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1953598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Among other negative effects, herbicides induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. Therefore, there is a growing need to identify natural compounds with sufficient antioxidant capacity and mitigate the negative effects of herbicides without side effects.Objective: Our study aimed to examine the protective effect of the phenolic extract of wild garlic (WG) leaves on terbuthylazine-treated erythrocytes.Material and methods: In human erythrocytes treated with the herbicide terbuthylazine (4.5 mg/L) alone and a combination of terbuthylazine and WG extract, we measured malondialdehyde (MDA) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and the antioxidant activities of CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD1; EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) in vitro.Results: In comparison with terbuthylazine, WG extract reduced the concentrations of MDA and Hb from 59.69 to 43.45 nmol/gHb (27%, p < 0.001) and 165.08 to 128.64 g/L (22%, p < 0.05), respectively. Catalase activity was induced for samples treated with both WG extract and terbuthylazine compared with terbuthylazine alone (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The results demonstrated that WG may reduce the toxicity of terbuthylazine, and the erythrocyte membrane may be the primary site of phenolic action. Therefore, the lipid peroxidation intensity could be a biomarker of oxidative damage caused by terbuthylazine and the protective effect of WG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Davidović-Plavšić
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Biljana Kukavica
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Siniša Škondrić
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Mirjana Žabić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Bukowska B. Changes in Human Erythrocyte Exposed to Organophosphate Flame Retardants: Tris(2-chloroethyl) Phosphate and Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) Phosphate. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14133675. [PMID: 34279245 PMCID: PMC8269848 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) are the main representatives of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). The exposure of humans to OPFRs present in air, water, and food leads to their occurrence in the circulation. Thus far, no report has been published about the influence of these retardants on non-nucleated cells like mature erythrocytes. Therefore, the impact of TCEP and TCPP (in concentrations determined in human blood as well as potentially present in the human body after intoxication) on human erythrocytes was evaluated. In this study, the effect of TCEP and TCPP on the levels of methemoglobin, reduced glutathione (GHS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the activity of antioxidative enzymes, was assessed. Moreover, morphological, hemolytic, and apoptotic alterations in red blood cells were examined. Erythrocytes were incubated for 24 h with retardants in concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1000 μg/mL. This study has revealed that the tested flame retardants only in very high concentrations disturbed redox balance; increased ROS and methemoglobin levels; and induced morphological changes, hemolysis, and eryptosis in the studied cells. The tested compounds have not changed the activity of the antioxidative system in erythrocytes. TCPP exhibited a stronger oxidative, eryptotic, and hemolytic potential than TCEP in human red blood cells. Comparison of these findings with hitherto published data confirms a much lower toxicity of OPFRs in comparison with brominated flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Adusumalli VNKB, Mrówczyńska L, Kwiatek D, Piosik Ł, Lesicki A, Lis S. Ligand-Sensitised LaF 3 :Eu 3+ and SrF 2 :Eu 3+ Nanoparticles and in Vitro Haemocompatiblity Studies. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1640-1650. [PMID: 33527762 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent Ln3+ -doped nanoparticles (NPs) functionalised with the desired organic ligand molecules for haemocompatibility studies were obtained in a one-pot synthesis. Chelated aromatic organic ligands such as isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, ibuprofen, aspirin, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid and adenosine were applied for surface functionalisation. The modification of the nanoparticles is based on the donor-acceptor character of the ligand-nanoparticle system, which is an alternative to covalent functionalisation by peptide bonding as presented in our recent report. The aromatic groups of selected ligands absorb UV light and transfer their excited-state energy to the dopant Eu3+ ions in LaF3 and SrF2 NPs. Herein, we discuss the structural and spectroscopic characterisation of the NPs and the results of haemocompatibility studies. Flow cytometry analysis of the nanoparticles' membrane-binding is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata N K B Adusumalli
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Kwiatek
- Department of Molecular Probes and Prodrugs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Z. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Piosik
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lesicki
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Stefan Lis
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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Pouroutzidou GK, Liverani L, Theocharidou A, Tsamesidis I, Lazaridou M, Christodoulou E, Beketova A, Pappa C, Triantafyllidis KS, Anastasiou AD, Papadopoulou L, Bikiaris DN, Boccaccini AR, Kontonasaki E. Synthesis and Characterization of Mesoporous Mg- and Sr-Doped Nanoparticles for Moxifloxacin Drug Delivery in Promising Tissue Engineering Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E577. [PMID: 33430065 PMCID: PMC7827177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles (MSNs) are considered promising drug carriers because of their ordered pore structure, which permits high drug loading and release capacity. The dissolution of Si and Ca from MSNs can trigger osteogenic differentiation of stem cells towards extracellular matrix calcification, while Mg and Sr constitute key elements of bone biology and metabolism. The aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of sol-gel-derived MSNs co-doped with Ca, Mg and Sr. Their physico-chemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Brunauer Emmett Teller and Brunauer Joyner Halenda (BET/BJH), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ζ-potential measurements. Moxifloxacin loading and release profiles were assessed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) cell viability on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and their hemolytic activity in contact with human red blood cells (RBCs) at various concentrations were also investigated. Doped MSNs generally retained their textural characteristics, while different compositions affected particle size, hemolytic activity and moxifloxacin loading/release profiles. All co-doped MSNs revealed the formation of hydroxycarbonate apatite on their surface after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and promoted mitochondrial activity and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia K. Pouroutzidou
- School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Anna Theocharidou
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.P.); (I.T.)
- Pharmadev, UMR 152, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Lazaridou
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (E.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.T.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Evi Christodoulou
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (E.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.T.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Anastasia Beketova
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Christina Pappa
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (E.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.T.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (E.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.T.); (D.N.B.)
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios D. Anastasiou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 3AL, UK;
| | - Lambrini Papadopoulou
- School of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.L.); (E.C.); (C.P.); (K.S.T.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (A.B.)
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kozanecka-Okupnik W, Sierakowska A, Berdzik N, Kowalczyk I, Mrówczyńska L, Jasiewicz B. New triazole-bearing gramine derivatives - synthesis, structural analysis and protective effect against oxidative haemolysis. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:3413-3419. [PMID: 33356568 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1864364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The new series of triazole-bearing gramine derivatives were synthesized through a CuAAC procedure. The structures of all newly obtained compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis and DFT methods. The obtained derivatives were screened for their protective potency against oxidative haemolysis induced by free radicals generated from 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH). Our work demonstrates that derivatives with propyl or octyl linker and phthalimide group associated with indole-triazole moiety, which have a folded structure, effectively protect human erythrocytes against oxidative stress-induced haemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Sierakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - N Berdzik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - I Kowalczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - L Mrówczyńska
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Jasiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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Fakhfakh J, Athmouni K, Mallek-Fakhfakh H, Ayedi H, Allouche N. Polysaccharide from Lycium arabicum: Structural Features, in Vitro Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effect against Oxidative Damage in Human Erythrocytes. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000614. [PMID: 33084194 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this research work, a water-soluble polysaccharide (LAP) isolated from the fruits of Lycium arabicum was investigated. LAP contains carbohydrates (82.45±1.23 %), protein (1.56±0.21 %), and uronic acids (3.56±0.34 %). The analysis of the monosaccharide composition revealed the presence of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose and mannose in a molar ratio of 4.7 : 1.5 : 1 : 8.7 : 16.4 : 5.6. The extracted polysaccharide (PS) was considered as heterogeneous and highly branched by interpreting its GC/MS, FT-IR and NMR data. Crystallinity of LAP was inferred from its X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. LAP exhibited an interesting stability at high temperatures (∼254 °C) and in a wide range of pH (3-9) deduced, respectively, from its DSC and zeta potential analysis. LAP displayed a strong antioxidant activity at low concentrations evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging, ferric reducing activity power (FRAP), free radical scavenging ability, superoxide radical-scavenging and hydroxyl radical-scavenging abilities. Inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was also assessed. In 5 h, LAP treatment allowed the protection of the damaged erythrocytes caused by AAPH (2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride), to reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as to increase the reduced glutathione (GSH) level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawhar Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08 (Natural Substances Section), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra, Km 4.5, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Athmouni
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Mallek-Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08 (Natural Substances Section), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra, Km 4.5, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 1177, Sidi Mansour, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Ayedi
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, University of Sfax, P.O. Box 95, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08 (Natural Substances Section), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, Road of Soukra, Km 4.5, P.O. Box 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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10
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Abstract
The complement system consists of at least 50 proteins that serve as one of the first lines of defence against foreign, or damaged, cells and invading microorganisms. Its dysregulation underlies the pathophysiology of many different diseases, which makes functional assays of complement activity crucial; they are, however, underutilised. Standard haemolysis assays for the analysis of complement function employ sensitised non-human erythrocytes (e.g. from the sheep, guinea-pig or rabbit), the use of which raises animal welfare concerns. To provide an alternative to the use of such animal-derived products for complement function assays, we developed a method that employs modified human erythrocytes to evaluate the activity of complement pathways. Human erythrocytes were subjected to various chemical and/or proteolytic treatments involving 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonate (TNBS) and pancreatin. Haemolysis assays demonstrated that sequential treatment with TNBS and pancreatin resulted in significantly greater complement-mediated haemolysis, as compared to TNBS or pancreatin treatment alone. Evidence that lysis of the modified erythrocytes was complement-mediated was provided by the chelation and subsequent restoration of calcium in the plasma. Thus, such modified human erythrocytes could be used as an alternative to animal-derived erythrocytes in haemolysis assays, in order to evaluate complement activity in human plasma during, for example, the screening of patients for complement deficiencies and other abnormalities in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Anne N King
- Biomedical Innovations Research for Translational Health Science (BIRTHS) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 54733College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Fresthel Monica M Climacosa
- Biomedical Innovations Research for Translational Health Science (BIRTHS) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 54733College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, 54733University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
| | - Bobbie Marie M Santos
- Biomedical Innovations Research for Translational Health Science (BIRTHS) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 54733College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 172611Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Salvador Eugenio C Caoili
- Biomedical Innovations Research for Translational Health Science (BIRTHS) Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 54733College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Philippines
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11
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Woźniak M, Mrówczyńska L, Kwaśniewska-Sip P, Waśkiewicz A, Nowak P, Ratajczak I. Effect of the Solvent on Propolis Phenolic Profile and its Antifungal, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Cytoprotective Activity in Human Erythrocytes Under Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184266. [PMID: 32957629 PMCID: PMC7571116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a natural bee product with various beneficial biological effects. The health-promoting properties of propolis depend on its chemical composition, particularly the presence of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between extraction solvent (acetone 100%, ethanol 70% and 96%) and the antifungal, antioxidant, and cytoprotective activity of the extracts obtained from propolis. Concentrations of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the propolis extracts were determined using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant potential of different extracts was assessed on the basis of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) free-radical-scavenging activity, Fe3+-reducing power, and ferrous ion (Fe2+)-chelating activity assays. The ability of the extracts to protect human red blood cell membranes against free-radical-induced damage and their antifungal activity was also determined. The results showed that the concentration of flavonoids in the propolis extracts was dependent on the solvent used in the extraction process and pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin, and coumaric acid were the most abundant phenols. All extracts exhibited high antioxidant potential and significantly protected human erythrocytes against oxidative damage. On the other hand, the antifungal activity of the propolis extracts depended on the solvent used in extraction and the fungal strains tested. It needs to be stressed that, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study relating the effect of solvent used for extraction of Polish propolis to its phenolic profile, and its antifungal, antioxidant, and cytoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland; (M.W.); (A.W.)
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61614 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip
- Air Quality Investigation Department, Łukasiewicz Research Network–Wood Technology Institute, Winiarska 1, 60654 Poznań, Poland;
- Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland; (M.W.); (A.W.)
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Institute of Economic Sciences, Wrocław University, Uniwersytecka 22/26, 50145 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Izabela Ratajczak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60625 Poznań, Poland; (M.W.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (I.R.)
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12
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Kwiatek D, Mrówczyńska L, Stopikowska N, Runowski M, Lesicki A, Lis S. Surface Modification of Luminescent Ln III Fluoride Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin): Synthesis, Spectroscopic and in Vitro Hemocompatibility Studies. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1490-1496. [PMID: 32510839 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent lanthanide fluoride core-shell (LaF3 :Tb3+ ,Ce3+ @SiO2 -NH2 ) nanoparticles, with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) coated on the surface have been obtained. The synthesized products, which combine the potential located in the silica shell with the luminescent activity of the core, were characterized in detail with the use of luminescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The in vitro effects of the modified luminescent nanoparticles on human red blood cell (RBC) membrane permeability, RBC shape, and sedimentation rate were investigated to assess the hemocompatibility of the obtained compounds. This study demonstrates that LaF3 : Tb3+ 5 %, Ce3+ 10 %@SiO2 -NH2 nanoparticles with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) coated on the surface are very good precursors for multifunctional drug-delivery systems or bio-imaging probes that can be used safely in potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kwiatek
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.,Current address, Department of Molecular Probes and Prodrugs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Z., Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Stopikowska
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Runowski
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lesicki
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Stefan Lis
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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13
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Światły-Błaszkiewicz A, Mrówczyńska L, Matuszewska E, Lubawy J, Urbański A, Kokot ZJ, Rosiński G, Matysiak J. The Effect of Bee Venom Peptides Melittin, Tertiapin, and Apamin on the Human Erythrocytes Ghosts: A Preliminary Study. Metabolites 2020; 10:E191. [PMID: 32413967 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10050191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cells in the human blood that have been extensively studied under morphology, ultrastructure, biochemical and molecular functions. Therefore, RBCs are excellent cell models in the study of biologically active compounds like drugs and toxins on the structure and function of the cell membrane. The aim of the present study was to explore erythrocyte ghost’s proteome to identify changes occurring under the influence of three bee venom peptides-melittin, tertiapin, and apamin. We conducted preliminary experiments on the erythrocyte ghosts incubated with these peptides at their non-hemolytic concentrations. Such preparations were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. It was found that when higher concentrations of melittin and apamin were used, fewer proteins were identified. Moreover, the results clearly indicated that apamin demonstrates the greatest influence on the RBCs ghosts proteome. Interestingly, the data also suggest that tertiapin exerted a stabilizing effect on the erythrocyte membrane. The experiments carried out show the great potential of proteomic research in the projects focused on the toxin’s properties as membrane active agents. However, to determine the specificity of the effect of selected bee venom peptides on the erythrocyte ghosts, further proteomic research should be focused on the quantitative analysis.
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14
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Abstract
Our work on the complexation of fluoride anions using group 15 Lewis acids has led us to investigate the use of these main group compounds as anion transporters. In this paper, we report on the anion transport properties of tetraarylstibonium and tetraarylbismuthonium cations of the general formula [Ph3PnAr]+ with Pn = Sb or Bi and with Ar = phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, or pyrenyl. Using EYPC-based large unilamellar vesicles, we show that these main group cations transport hydroxide, fluoride and chloride anions across phospholipid bilayers. A comparison of the properties of [Ph3SbAnt]+ and [Ph3BiAnt]+ (Ant = 9-anthryl) illustrates the favorable role played by the Lewis acidity of the central pnictogen element with respect to the anion transport. Finally, we show that [Ph3SbAnt]+ accelerates the fluoride-induced hemolysis of human red blood cells, an effect that we assign to the transporter-facilitated influx of toxic fluoride anions.
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15
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Jasiewicz B, Sierakowska A, Jankowski W, Hoffmann M, Piorońska W, Górnicka A, Bielawska A, Bielawski K, Mrówczyńska L. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of new di- and polyamine caffeine analogues. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:724-736. [PMID: 29669446 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1467561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of new di- and polyamine-caffeine analogues were synthesised and characterised by NMR, FT-IR, and MS spectroscopic methods. To access the stability of the investigated caffeine analogues, molecular dynamic simulations were performed in NAMD 2.9 assuming CHARMM36 force field. To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of new compounds, three different antioxidant assays were used, namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity, ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity, and Fe3+→Fe2+reducing ability. In vitro, the ability of new derivatives to protect human erythrocytes against oxidative haemolysis induced by free radical from 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was estimated. The cytotoxic activity was tested using MCF-7 breast cancer cells and human erythrocytes. All compounds showed the antioxidant capacity depending mostly on their ferrous ions chelating activity. In the presence of AAPH, some derivatives were able to effectively inhibit the oxidative haemolysis. Two derivatives, namely 8-(methyl(2-(methylamino)ethyl)-amino)caffeine and 8-(methyl(3-(methylamino)propyl)amino)caffeine, showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells but not against human erythrocytes. Therefore, it is concluded that the selected di- and polyamine caffeine analogues, depending on their chemical structure, were able to minimise the oxidative stress and to inhibit the tumour cell growth. The confirmed antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of some caffeine derivatives make them attractive for potential applications in food or pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Jasiewicz
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | | | | | - Marcin Hoffmann
- a Faculty of Chemistry , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Weronika Piorońska
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Górnicka
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- c Department of Biotechnology , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- d Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs , Medical University of Bialystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- b Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology , Adam Mickiewicz University , Poznań , Poland
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16
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Sager G, Smaglyukova N, Fuskevaag OM. The role of OAT2 (SLC22A7) in the cyclic nucleotide biokinetics of human erythrocytes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5972-5980. [PMID: 29244191 PMCID: PMC5947735 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to characterise the transporter(s) responsible for the uptake of cyclic nucleotides to human erythrocytes. Western blotting showed that hRBC expressed OAT2 (SLC22A7), but detection of OAT1 (SLC22A6), or OAT3 (SLC22A8) was not possible. Intact hRBC were employed to clarify the simultaneous cyclic nucleotide egression and uptake. Both these opposing processes were studied. The Km‐values for high affinity efflux was 3.5 ± 0.1 and 39.4 ± 5.7 μM for cGMP and cAMP, respectively. The respective values for low affinity efflux were 212 ± 11 and 339 ± 42 μM. The uptake was characterised with apparently low affinity and similar Km‐values for cGMP (2.2 mM) and cAMP (0.89 mM). Using an iterative approach in order to balance uptake with efflux, the predicted real Km‐values for uptake were 100–200 μM for cGMP and 50–150 μM for cAMP. The established OAT2‐substrate indomethacin showed a competitive interaction with cyclic nucleotide uptake. Creatinine, also an OAT2 substrate, showed saturable uptake with a Km of 854 ± 98 μM. Unexpectedly, co‐incubation with cyclic nucleotides showed an uncompetitive inhibition. The observed Km‐values were 399 ± 44 and 259 ± 30 μM for creatinine, in the presence of cGMP and cAMP, respectively. Finally, the OAT1‐substrate para‐aminohippurate (PAH) showed some uptake (Km‐value of 2.0 ± 0.4 mM) but did not interact with cyclic nucleotide or indomethacin transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Sager
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Medical Biology, Research Group of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Natalia Smaglyukova
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Medical Biology, Research Group of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ole-Martin Fuskevaag
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Medical Biology, Research Group of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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17
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Nacereddine A, Bollacke A, Róka E, Marminon C, Bouaziz Z, Fenyvesi F, Bácskay IK, Jose J, Perret F, Le Borgne M. Self-Assembled Supramolecular Nanoparticles Improve the Cytotoxic Efficacy of CK2 Inhibitor THN7. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:E10. [PMID: 29373552 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the approval of imatinib in 2001, kinase inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapies. Inside this family of phosphotransferases, casein kinase 2 (CK2) is of great interest and numerous scaffolds have been investigated to design CK2 inhibitors. Recently, functionalized indeno[1,2-b]indoles have been revealed to have high potency against human cancer cell lines such as MCF-7 breast carcinoma and A-427 lung carcinoma. 4-Methoxy-5-isopropyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]indole-9,10-dione (THN7), identified as a potent inhibitor of CK2 (IC50 = 71 nM), was selected for an encapsulation study in order to evaluate its antiproliferative activity as THN7-loaded cyclodextrin nanoparticles. Four α-cyclodextrins (α-CDs) were selected to encapsulate THN7 and all experiments indicated that the nanoencapsulation of this CK2 inhibitor in α-CDs was successful. No additional surface-active agent was used during the nanoformulation process. Nanoparticles formed between THN7 and α-C6H13 amphiphilic derivative gave the best results in terms of encapsulation rate (% of associated drug = 35%), with a stability constant (K11) of 298 mol·L−1 and a size of 132 nm. Hemolytic activity of the four α-CDs was determined before the in cellulo evaluation and the α-C6H13 derivative gave the lowest value of hemolytic potency (HC50 = 1.93 mol·L−1). Only the THN7-loaded cyclodextrin nanoparticles showing less toxicity on human erythrocytes (α-C6H13, α-C8H17 and α-C4H9) were tested against A-427 cells. All drug-loaded nanoparticles caused more cytotoxicity against A-427 cells than THN7 alone. Based on these results, the use of amphiphilic CD nanoparticles could be considered as a drug delivery system for indeno[1,2-b]indoles, allowing an optimized bioavailability and offering perspectives for the in vivo development of CK2 inhibitors.
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18
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Dhillon J, Ferreira CR, Sobreira TJP, Mattes RD. Multiple Reaction Monitoring Profiling to Assess Compliance with an Almond Consumption Intervention. Curr Dev Nutr 2017; 1:e001545. [PMID: 29955720 PMCID: PMC5998771 DOI: 10.3945/cdn.117.001545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Almonds are extremely rich sources of lipids and flavonoids, and their consumption is associated with several health benefits. However, there are no analytical methods available to document compliance with prescribed or self-reported chronic almond consumption. Objective: The aim was to use an analytical approach that identifies metabolic profiles associated with long-term almond consumption to ascertain compliance with prescribed consumption. Methods: A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-profiling strategy was designed to isolate metabolic changes in erythrocytes after 12 wk of almond consumption. MRM-profiling data acquisition and analysis involve performing separate discovery and screening steps to detect molecular features related to metabolic changes between experimental groups. Samples used for this research were erythrocytes recovered at baseline, after 12 wk of almond consumption (W12-almond group), and after 12 wk of a nut-free diet (W12-control group). For the MRM-profiling discovery step, representative samples (pools) of erythrocytes from individuals of all groups were interrogated by precursor ion and neutral loss scan experiments on the basis of previous knowledge of chemical functional groups present in the samples. The outputs of the discovery phase were methods used for the MRM-profiling screening phase to interrogate individual samples on the basis of fast-MRM measurements. In addition, we screened the literature for flavonoids identified in almond skins and included them for individual sample screening. Results: Of the 254 m/z values monitored, 5 ratios and combinations of specific ions with receiver operating characteristic curve AUCs >0.89 provided a sensitivity of 74.2% and a specificity of 90% for blind samples presented in the model. Eight of the 31 participants (25.8%) in the W12-almond group and 3 of the 30 (10%) participants in the W12-control group were misclassified by all 5 ratios. Ratios and combinations of specific transitions were mainly related to membrane lipids. Conclusion: The misclassifications observed as a result of ratio performance evaluation may indicate noncompliance as supported by the dietary intake data. The parent trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02360787.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaapna Dhillon
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | | | - Richard D Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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19
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Revin VV, Klenova NA, Gromova NV, Grunyushkin IP, Solomadin IN, Tychkov AY, Pestryakova AA, Sadykhova AV, Revina ES, Prosnikova KV, Bourdon JC, Zhelev N. Physical and Chemical Processes and the Morphofunctional Characteristics of Human Erythrocytes in Hyperglycaemia. Front Physiol 2017; 8:606. [PMID: 28912721 PMCID: PMC5582471 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examines the effect of graduated hyperglycaemia on the state and oxygen-binding ability of hemoglobin, the correlation of phospholipid fractions and their metabolites in the membrane, the activity of proteolytic enzymes and the morphofunctional state of erythrocytes. Methods: Conformational changes in the molecule of hemoglobin were determined by Raman spectroscopy. The structure of the erythrocytes was analyzed using laser interference microscopy (LIM). To determine the activity of NADN-methemoglobinreductase, we used the P.G. Board method. The degree of glycosylation of the erythrocyte membranes was determined using a method previously described by Felkoren et al. Lipid extraction was performed using the Bligh and Dyer method. Detection of the phospholipids was performed using V. E. Vaskovsky method. Results: Conditions of hyperglycaemia are characterized by a low affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen, which is manifested as a parallel decrease in the content of hemoglobin oxyform and the growth of deoxyform, methemoglobin and membrane-bound hemoglobin. The degree of glycosylation of membrane proteins and hemoglobin is high. For example, in the case of hyperglycaemia, erythrocytic membranes reduce the content of all phospholipid fractions with a simultaneous increase in lysoforms, free fatty acids and the diacylglycerol (DAG). Step wise hyperglycaemia in incubation medium and human erythrocytes results in an increased content of peptide components and general trypsin-like activity in the cytosol, with a simultaneous decreased activity of μ-calpain and caspase 3. Conclusions: Metabolic disorders and damage of cell membranes during hyperglycaemia cause an increase in the population of echinocytes and spherocytes. The resulting disorders are accompanied with a high probability of intravascular haemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Natalia A. Klenova
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Samara State UniversitySamara, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Gromova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Igor P. Grunyushkin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Ilia N. Solomadin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Alexander Y. Tychkov
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Pestryakova
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Samara State UniversitySamara, Russia
| | - Anna V. Sadykhova
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Samara State UniversitySamara, Russia
| | - Elvira S. Revina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Prosnikova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State UniversitySaransk, Russia
| | - Jean-Christophe Bourdon
- Division of Cancer Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of DundeeDundee, United Kingdom
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20
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Deeba F, Raza I, Muhammad N, Rahman H, Ur Rehman Z, Azizullah A, Khattak B, Ullah F, Daud MK. Chlorpyrifos and lambda cyhalothrin-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 33:297-307. [PMID: 27102427 DOI: 10.1177/0748233716635003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are one of the most potentially harmful chemicals introduced into the environment, and their adverse impacts on non-target organisms can be significant. The present study was conducted to shed light on effects of locally used insecticides chlorpyrifos (CPF) and lambda cyhalothrin (LCT) on oxidative stress biomarkers in human erythrocytes. The activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and protein contents as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and osmotic fragility (OF) were measured in human erythrocytes exposed to CPF at concentrations of 0, 100, 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm and LCT at concentrations of 0, 100, 300, 600, and 800 ppm for 1 h and 3 h at 37°C. MDA levels and OF of erythrocytes were significantly higher in erythrocytes incubated with CPF and LCT at increasing concentrations of both insecticides and increased incubation time. However, erythrocyte CAT and SOD activities were decreased at all concentrations of CPF and LCT tested. Protein oxidation products were decreased at lower doses of CPF (100 and 500 ppm); at higher doses (1000 and 2000 ppm), total protein content was increased compared with control. In contrast LCT was associated with decreased in protein contents at all the concentrations. These results clearly demonstrated that CPF and LCT can induce oxidative stress in human erythrocytes ( in vitro).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Deeba
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Irum Raza
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hazir Rahman
- 2 Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- 3 Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Baharullah Khattak
- 2 Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | - M K Daud
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
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21
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Adahoun MA, Al-Akhras MAH, Jaafar MS, Bououdina M. Enhanced anti-cancer and antimicrobial activities of curcumin nanoparticles. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2016; 45:98-107. [PMID: 26747522 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1129628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly called turmeric. Extensive research over the last 50 years has demonstrated that these polyphenols play an important role in the maintenance of health and prevention of diseases, in addition to its therapeutic benefits such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. Materials and methods This study is devoted to the enhancement of the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin nanoparticles prepared by a process based on a wet-milling technique and then examine in vitro against prostate cancer cell line 3 (PC3), human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK), human erythrocytes (red blood cells (RBCs)), and against fourth different bacterial strains two gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213), two gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853). Results The cell viability curve, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated. Nanocurcumin displayed significant activity against cancer cell line (PC3) and low toxicity against normal cells (HEK) compared with parent curcumin in favor of PC3 (P < 0.05). In addition, it was found that the efficiency of toxicity for nanocurcumin against PC3 (E% = 59.66%) was much better than HEK (E% = 36.07%) compared with parent curcumin. The results also demonstrate that, although nanocurcumin has a little more ability to lays RBCs than parent curcumin after incubated 60 min, but the hemolysis % remained very low and there was no significant difference between hemolysis % of nanocurcumin and parent curcumin (P > 0.05). On the other hand, the results demonstrate that, the MBCs of nanocurcumin were lower than curcumin for all different bacterial strains. Moreover, the selected gram-positive bacteria had higher sensitivity than the selected gram-negative bacteria for both curcumin and nanocurcumin. In conclusion, all these findings not only indicate that nanocurcumin safe compound has a potent ability as anti-cancer and antimicrobial activities, but also well justify the avail of using nanocurcumin as prostate cells PC3 anti-cancer, and antimicrobial agent for nanocurcumin are markedly improved by decreasing particle size to the nano-scale regime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed-Ali Hassan Al-Akhras
- b Department of Physics, Bio-Medical Physics Laboratory , Jordan University of Science & Technology (JUST) , Irbid , Jordan
| | | | - Mohamed Bououdina
- c Department of Physics, College of Science , University of Bahrain , Kingdom of Bahrain
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Zhirnov VV, Iakovenko IN, Voitsitskiy VM, Khyzhnyak SV, Zubrikova-Chugainova OG, Gorobetz VA. Zeta potential response of human erythrocyte membranes to the modulators of Gardos channel activity under low rate β-radiation. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2015; 20:490-499. [PMID: 26695925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Study of human erythrocyte DP response under modification by activators and blockers of the functional state of Ca2+-dependent K+ channels under low rate β-radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Erythrocytes were isolated from the donor blood. The zeta potential was computed from the value of the cell electrophoretic mobility. The investigated drugs preliminary introduced in cellular suspensions, and then aliquote of 90Sr(NO3)2 solution to get the final activity concentration of 44,4kBq⋅l-1. RESULTS The radioisotope radiation of 90Sr/90Y (RR, 15 μGy⋅h-1) increases an absolute value of erythrocyte membranes DP (DPab), and its action is reversible. It specifies the effect is mediated by non-ionizing part of the RR. Dibutyril-cAMP dose-independent increases DPab of erythrocyte membranes in the concentration range of 1-100 мкМ, but RR does not amplify this effect. Anaprilin increases dose-independent DPab in concentrations 10 and 100 μМ. The effect of maximal concentration of anaprilin (100 μМ) decreases by RR. Clotrimazol increases DPab of erythrocyte membranes in the concentration range of 0,1-10 μМ relatively control, while its maximal concentration - decreases, and the minimal level does not reliably influence on this index The action of сlotrimazol on DP in concentrations of 10-100 μМ is abolished by RR, and is not changed in the range of 0,1-1,0 μМ. Nitrendipine raises DPab of erythrocyte membranes in all of range of concentrations, and RR amplifies the effect of the drug. CONCLUSIONS 1. There is a threshold of the biological action on cells for the ionizing component of radioisotope radiation determined by efficiency of operation their antioxidant system.2. At dose rates below a threshold, the action of ionizing radiation is mediated by its non-ionizing component, and is reversible, and therefore is determined only in the field of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Zhirnov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine., 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - I N Iakovenko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine., 1 Murmanska St., Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - V M Voitsitskiy
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
| | - S V Khyzhnyak
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony St., Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine
| | - O G Zubrikova-Chugainova
- Public institution Institute of Heart of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 5A Bratyslavska St., Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - V A Gorobetz
- Public institution Institute of Heart of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 5A Bratyslavska St., Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
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Kiruthiga PV, Karutha Pandian S, Pandima Devi K. Silymarin prevents the toxicity induced by benzo(a)pyrene in human erythrocytes by preserving its membrane integrity: an in vitro study. Environ Toxicol 2014; 29:165-175. [PMID: 22052664 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Silymarin, the purified extract from milk thistle Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, consists mainly of four isomeric flavonolignans: silibinin, isosilibinin, silidianin, and silichristin. The present study was carried out to evaluate the protective potential of silymarin in human erythrocytes against in vitro exposure to the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P). Erythrocytes isolated from human blood were divided into four groups and treated with Vehicle [Group I], B(a)P (300 μM) [Group II], Silymarin (500 μM) + B(a)P (300 μM) [Group III], and Silymarin alone (500 μM)] [Group IV]. Silymarin treatment maintains the integrity of erythrocytes by preventing hemolysis, protein thiol oxidation and by decreasing the activity of AChE. SEM observations indicate that B(a)P induced significant alteration in the morphology of erythrocytes to echinocytes, which may be due to the interaction of B(a)P with the membrane's outer phopholipid monolayer. The light microscopic and SEM images show that silymarin treatment maintains the normal discocytic morphology of erythrocytes. The protective effect of silymarin might be attributed to its chemical structure and membranotrophic nature. The components silibinin, silydianin, and silychristin have OH in the 3rd, 5th, and 7th carbon atoms that may account for its increased antioxidant activity and removal of ROS formed during B(a)P metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Kiruthiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tedesco I, Spagnuolo C, Russo M, Iannitti R, Nappo A, Russo GL. Protective Effect of γ-Irradiation Against Hypochlorous Acid-Induced Haemolysis in Human Erythrocytes. Dose Response 2012; 11:401-12. [PMID: 23983667 PMCID: PMC3748851 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.12-025.tedesco] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiations may trigger protective response within a threshold of doses applied. Exposures above an upper threshold are generally detrimental, while exposures below a lower threshold may or may not increase risks for health. We recently reported that a cellular protective response occurs in interventional cardiologists to counteract the oxidative damage caused by radiation. Here, we demonstrated in an in vitro model represented by whole blood of healthy donors γ-irradiated with 220-440 mGy, that haemolysis of erythrocytes induced by hypochlorous acid was reduced by 40%. The protection triggered by γ-radiations made erythrocytes more resistant to oxidative insult caused by hypochlorous acid which was induced 3 h after irradiation and involved biochemical changes in the synthesis and turnover of glutathione. Overall, the biochemical remodelling induced by exposure to γ-radiations might contribute to generate new guidelines in professionally exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Roberta Iannitti
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Annunziata Nappo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100, Avellino, Italy
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Abstract
That distinct enzyme activities in an unbranched metabolic pathway are evolutionarily tuned to a single functional requirement is a pervasive assumption. Here we test this assumption by examining the activities of two consecutively acting enzymes in human erythrocytes with an approach to quantitative evolutionary design that avoids the above-mentioned assumption. We previously found that avoidance of NADPH depletion during the pulses of oxidative load to which erythrocytes are normally exposed is the main functional requirement mediating selection for high glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. In the present study, we find that, in contrast, the maintenance of oxidized glutathione at low concentrations is the main functional requirement mediating selection for high glutathione reductase activity. The results in this case show that, contrary to the assumption of a single functional requirement, natural selection for the normal activities of the distinct enzymes in the pathway is mediated by different requirements. On the other hand, the results agree with the more general principles that underlie our approach. Namely, that (i) the values of biochemical parameters evolve so as to fulfill the various performance requirements that are relevant to achieve high fitness, and (ii) these performance requirements can be inferred from quantitative systems theory considerations, informed by knowledge of specific aspects of the biochemistry, physiology, genetics, and ecology of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armindo Salvador
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 5641 Medical Science II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620; and
- Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Largo Dom Dinis, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael A. Savageau
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 5641 Medical Science II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620; and
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Steensgaard J, Funding L. The sedimentation pattern of D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from bovine fetal and adult erythrocytes. Acta Vet Scand 1972; 13:305-18. [PMID: 4634718 PMCID: PMC8561544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes from bovine fetuses contain about 2.4 times higher D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities than erythrocytes from adult cows and bulls. Studying whether this is due to the existence of a special fetal type of enzyme or an increased amount of enzyme in fetal erythrocytes, the sedimentation coefficients of the enzymes have been estimated by s-zonal ultracentrifugation, and compared to normal and deficient human erythrocyte D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, s-zonal ultracentrifugations have been performed with a computer optimized isokinetic sucrose gradient. The mainlines in the program used for calculation of sedimentation coefficients are described. Bovine fetal and adult erythrocyte D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was found to have the same sedimentation coefficient of 7.4 S which is different from the sedimentation coefficient of 6.4 S of both human types of the enzyme. The sedimentation coefficients of 6-phospho-D-gluconate dehydrogenase from bovine fetal, bovine adult and human erythrocytes were 6 S for all three types of this enzyme. By cellulose acetate electrophoresis bovine fetal and adult D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase show the same mobility, again differing from the normal and deficient human type. The results of these experiments show that bovine fetal and adult erythrocytic D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase with respects to molecular parameters are closely related and perhaps identical enzymes.
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Curd J, Smith TW, Jaton JC, Haber E. The isolation of digoxin-specific antibody and its use in reversing the effects of digoxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:2401-6. [PMID: 5289875 PMCID: PMC389431 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.10.2401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific antibodies to digoxin were isolated from antisera of sheep immunized with a digoxin-human serum albumin conjugate. The antibody was purified by adsorption to an immunoadsorbent, synthesized by coupling a ouabain-ribonuclease conjugate to bromoacetyl-cellulose, followed by elution with 25 mM ouabain. Ouabain was dissociated from antibody by denaturation in 6 M guanidine. The renatured antibody bound 1.6 mol of digoxin per mol and had an association constant of 1.6 x 10(8) M(-1). At near-stoichiometric concentrations, either purified antibody to digoxin, or its papain-digested product (Fab-Fc), reversed digoxin-induced: (a) inhibition of (86)Rb transport in human erythrocytes, (b) increase in developed tension in isolated guinea-pig atrial strips, and (c) ventricular tachycardia in intact dogs, and also corrected digoxin-induced automaticity in isolated guineapig atrial strips.
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