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Paar M, Cvirn G, Hoerl G, Reibnegger G, Sourij H, Sourij C, Kojzar H, Oettl K. Albumin of People with Diabetes Mellitus Is More Reduced at Low HbA1c. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16256. [PMID: 38003446 PMCID: PMC10671031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the development, progression, and complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Oxidative modification of human serum albumin's cysteine-34 is a marker for oxidative stress-related pathological conditions. We aimed to evaluate the redox state of albumin in patients with DM to investigate possible correlations with age, diabetes duration, and disease control status. Plasma aliquots were collected from 52 participants (26 type 1 and 26 type 2 DM). Patients were divided into two groups according to their glycated hemoglobin levels less than or equal to and greater than 58 mmol/L. Albumin redox state was assessed with high-performance liquid chromatography by fractionating it into human mercaptalbumin (HMA) and human nonmercaptalbumin 1 and 2 (HNA1 and HNA2). Albumin redox fractions were differently related to the age of study participants. In age-matched T1DM and T2DM groups, the albumin redox state was essentially the same. Irreversibly oxidized HNA2 was positively correlated with diabetes duration, especially in the T1DM group. HNA was increased in people with an increased HbA1c (>58 mmol/mol). Our results support the hypothesis that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in DM pathogenesis and emphasize the importance of diabetes control on systemic oxidative burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margret Paar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.P.); (G.C.); (G.H.); (G.R.)
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.P.); (G.C.); (G.H.); (G.R.)
| | - Gerd Hoerl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.P.); (G.C.); (G.H.); (G.R.)
| | - Gilbert Reibnegger
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.P.); (G.C.); (G.H.); (G.R.)
| | - Harald Sourij
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Caren Sourij
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Harald Kojzar
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine Trials Unit, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria; (H.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Karl Oettl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.P.); (G.C.); (G.H.); (G.R.)
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Paar M, Seifried K, Cvirn G, Buchmann A, Khalil M, Oettl K. Redox State of Human Serum Albumin in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415806. [PMID: 36555448 PMCID: PMC9779316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Like in many other pathologies, oxidative stress is involved in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the main protein in different body fluids including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By its redox state in terms of cysteine-34, albumin serves as marker for oxidative burden. We aimed to evaluate the redox state of HSA in patients with multiple sclerosis in serum and CSF in comparison to controls to identify possible correlations with disease activity and severity. Samples were stored at -70 °C until analysis by HPLC for the determination of albumin redox state in terms of the fractions of human mercaptalbumin (HMA), human nonmercaptalbumin1 (HNA1), and human nonmercaptalbumin2 (HNA2). Albumin in CSF showed significantly higher fractions of the reduced form HMA and decreased HNA1 and HNA2. There was no difference between albumin redox states in serum of patients and controls. In CSF of patients HNA2 showed a trend to higher fractions compared to controls. Albumin redox state in serum was associated with physical disability in remission while albumin redox state in CSF was related to disease activity. Thus, albumin redox state in serum and CSF of patients in relation to disease condition merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margret Paar
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Seifried
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Arabella Buchmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (K.O.); Tel.: +43-(0)316-385-30313 (M.K.); +43-(0)316-385-72121 (K.O.)
| | - Karl Oettl
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (K.O.); Tel.: +43-(0)316-385-30313 (M.K.); +43-(0)316-385-72121 (K.O.)
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Ito S, Nakashima H, Ando K, Kobayashi K, Machino M, Seki T, Ishizuka S, Kanbara S, Inoue T, Koshimizu H, Fujii R, Yamada H, Ando Y, Ueyama J, Kondo T, Suzuki K, Hasegawa Y, Imagama S. Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2464. [PMID: 34199414 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The ratio of human nonmercaptalbumin (HNA) and reduced albumin (HMA) may be a new marker for oxidative stress. Locomotive syndrome (LS) is reduced mobility due to impairment of locomotive organs. We investigated whether the HNA/HMA ratio could be a new biomarker of LS. This study included 306 subjects (mean age 64.24 ± 10.4 years) who underwent LS tests, grip strength, walking speed, and tests for HNA and HMA. Oxidative stress was measured by the ratio of HMA (f(HMA) = (HMA/(HMA + HNA) × 100)), and the subjects were divided into normal (N group; f[HMA] ≥ 70%) and low (L group; f[HMA] < 70%) groups. There were 124 non-elderly (<65 years) and 182 elderly subjects (≥65 years). There were no significant differences in LS, grip strength, and walking speed between the L and N groups in the non-elderly subjects. However, significant differences were found in the elderly subjects. In logistic regression analysis, there was an association between f(HMA) and the LS severity at older ages. LS in the elderly is associated with a decline in HMA and, thus, an increase in oxidative stress. Thus, f(HMA) is a new biomarker of LS.
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Yoshihiro S, Ishigaki T, Ookurano H, Yoshitomi F, Hotta T, Kang D, Hokazono E, Kayamori Y. New colorimetric method with bromocresol purple for estimating the redox state of human serum albumin. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:257-262. [PMID: 33293766 PMCID: PMC7705087 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage results in protein modification and is observed in many diseases, such as heart failure and renal insufficiency. Human serum albumin is an index of oxidative change and is conventionally measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Although this method is more sensitive than the colorimetric method, it is time-consuming for clinical practice and the sera must be stored at –80°C before analysis. To overcome these limitations, in the present study we developed a new reagent for a more rapid and convenient quantification of oxidative stress, involving determination of the ratio of human nonmercaptalbumin to total albumin using a colorimetric method with bromocresol purple. The clinical utility of the developed reagent was confirmed by demonstrating the consistently higher oxidative stress levels in dialysis patients than in healthy control subjects, matching the results of the conventional HPLC method. This novel approach could be a valuable tool for immediate estimation of the state of oxidative stress during the course of disease and treatment, and could aid clinical treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonoko Yoshihiro
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishigaki
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hayato Ookurano
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotakechou, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Fumi Yoshitomi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Krume University Hospital, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Taeko Hotta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eisaku Hokazono
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuzo Kayamori
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Masudo R, Yasukawa K, Nojiri T, Yoshikawa N, Shimosaka H, Sone S, Oike Y, Ugawa A, Yamazaki T, Shimokado K, Yatomi Y, Ikeda H. Evaluation of human nonmercaptalbumin as a marker for oxidative stress and its association with various parameters in blood. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 61:79-84. [PMID: 28955123 PMCID: PMC5612822 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative status of albumin was not a useful biomarker for oxidative stress in practical use due to time-consuming measuring method. We evaluated oxidized, human nonmercaptalbumin measured more quickly than ever by a novel method using anion-exchange HPLC. In 60 subjects taking a general health examination, mean serum human nonmercaptalbumin level was 25.1 ± 3.0% with no gender difference but positive correlation with age. There were no links between human nonmercaptalbumin and C-reactive protein, γ-glutamyltransferase or iron, reportedly associated with oxidative stress. Human nonmercaptalbumin correlated with systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and body mass index among physical findings. Positive correlations were observed between human nonmercaptalbumin and AST, LDH, BUN, or creatinine, suggesting that oxidative stress may link with liver injury and renal function. Human nonmercaptalbumin correlated with uric acid in female but not in male, suggesting that higher uric acid levels may be associated with increased oxidative stress only in female. As another gender difference, white blood cell counts correlated with human nonmercaptalbumin in female, while the parameters for red blood cells correlated with human nonmercaptalbumin in male. In conclusion, serum human nonmercaptalbumin level in healthy subjects was approximately 25% as previously reported. Oxidative stress may be closely associated with hypertension, obesity, liver injury, renal function, and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Masudo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Geriatrics and Vascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Keiko Yasukawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nojiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hironori Shimosaka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinji Sone
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yumiko Oike
- Department of Center for Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Akemi Ugawa
- Department of Center for Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yamazaki
- Department of Center for Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shimokado
- Department of Geriatrics and Vascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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