1
|
Barnett SE, Shade A. Arrive and wait: Inactive bacterial taxa contribute to perceived soil microbiome resilience after a multidecadal press disturbance. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14393. [PMID: 38430049 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Long-term (press) disturbances like the climate crisis and other anthropogenic pressures are fundamentally altering ecosystems and their functions. Many critical ecosystem functions, such as biogeochemical cycling, are facilitated by microbial communities. Understanding the functional consequences of microbiome responses to press disturbances requires ongoing observations of the active populations that contribute to functions. This study leverages a 7-year time series of a 60-year-old coal seam fire (Centralia, Pennsylvania, USA) to examine the resilience of soil bacterial microbiomes to a press disturbance. Using 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we assessed the interannual dynamics of the active subset and the 'whole' bacterial community. Contrary to our hypothesis, the whole communities demonstrated greater resilience than active subsets, suggesting that inactive members contributed to overall structural resilience. Thus, in addition to selection mechanisms of active populations, perceived microbiome resilience is also supported by mechanisms of dispersal, persistence, and revival from the local dormant pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Barnett
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashley Shade
- Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRAE 1418, Ecole Nationale Véterinaire de Lyon, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mayot N, Le Quéré C, Rödenbeck C, Bernardello R, Bopp L, Djeutchouang LM, Gehlen M, Gregor L, Gruber N, Hauck J, Iida Y, Ilyina T, Keeling RF, Landschützer P, Manning AC, Patara L, Resplandy L, Schwinger J, Séférian R, Watson AJ, Wright RM, Zeng J. Climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO 2 sink. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2023; 381:20220055. [PMID: 37150207 PMCID: PMC10164464 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Southern Ocean is a major sink of atmospheric CO2, but the nature and magnitude of its variability remains uncertain and debated. Estimates based on observations suggest substantial variability that is not reproduced by process-based ocean models, with increasingly divergent estimates over the past decade. We examine potential constraints on the nature and magnitude of climate-driven variability of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink from observation-based air-sea O2 fluxes. On interannual time scales, the variability in the air-sea fluxes of CO2 and O2 estimated from observations is consistent across the two species and positively correlated with the variability simulated by ocean models. Our analysis suggests that variations in ocean ventilation related to the Southern Annular Mode are responsible for this interannual variability. On decadal time scales, the existence of significant variability in the air-sea CO2 flux estimated from observations also tends to be supported by observation-based estimates of O2 flux variability. However, the large decadal variability in air-sea CO2 flux is absent from ocean models. Our analysis suggests that issues in representing the balance between the thermal and non-thermal components of the CO2 sink and/or insufficient variability in mode water formation might contribute to the lack of decadal variability in the current generation of ocean models. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Mayot
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - C. Le Quéré
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - C. Rödenbeck
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, PO Box 600164, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - R. Bernardello
- Department of Earth Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L. Bopp
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure/Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, France
| | - L. M. Djeutchouang
- Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
- SOCCO, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - M. Gehlen
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L. Gregor
- Environmental Physics, ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics and Center for Climate Systems Modeling (C2SM), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N. Gruber
- Environmental Physics, ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics and Center for Climate Systems Modeling (C2SM), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J. Hauck
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Postfach 120161, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Y. Iida
- Atmosphere and Ocean Department, Japan Meteorological Agency, 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan
| | - T. Ilyina
- Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. F. Keeling
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - P. Landschützer
- Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
- Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - A. C. Manning
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - L. Patara
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - L. Resplandy
- Department of Geosciences and High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - J. Schwinger
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Jahnebakken 5, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - R. Séférian
- CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - A. J. Watson
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK
| | - R. M. Wright
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - J. Zeng
- Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao H, Gui K, Ma Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Zheng Y, Li L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Che H, Zhang X. Multi-Year Variation of Ozone and Particulate Matter in Northeast China Based on the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) Data. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19. [PMID: 35409512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of economy and urbanization acceleration, ozone (O3) pollution has become the main factor of urban air pollution in China after particulate matter. In this study, 90th percentile of maximum daily average (MDA) 8 h O3 (O3-8h-90per) and PM2.5 data from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset were used to determine the mean annual, seasonal, monthly, and interannual distribution of O3-8h-90per and PM2.5 concentrations in Northeast China (NEC). The O3-8h-90per concentration was highest in Liaoning (>100 μg/m3), whereas the highest PM2.5 concentration was observed mainly in urban areas of central Liaoning and the Harbin−Changchun urban agglomeration (approximately 60 μg/m3). The O3-8h-90per concentrations were highest in spring and summer due to more intense solar radiation. On the contrary, the PM2.5 concentration increased considerably in winter influenced by anthropogenic activities. In May and June, the highest monthly mean O3-8h-90per concentrations were observed in central and western Liaoning, about 170−180 μg/m3, while the PM2.5 concentrations were the highest in January, February, and December, approximately 100 μg/m3. The annual mean O3-8h-90per concentration in NEC showed an increasing trend, while the PM2.5 concentration exhibited an annual decline. By 2020, the annual mean O3-8h-90per concentration in southern Liaoning had increased considerably, reaching 120−130 μg/m3. From the perspective of city levels, PM2.5 and O3-8h-90per also showed an opposite variation trend in the 35 cities of NEC. The reduced tropospheric NO2 column is consistent with the decreasing trend of the interannual PM2.5, while the increased surface temperature could be the main meteorological factor affecting the O3-8h-90per concentration in NEC. The results of this study enable a comprehensive understanding of the regional and climatological O3-8h-90per and PM2.5 distribution at distinct spatial and temporal scales in NEC.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gherardi LA, Sala OE. Enhanced interannual precipitation variability increases plant functional diversity that in turn ameliorates negative impact on productivity. Ecol Lett 2015; 18:1293-300. [PMID: 26437913 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although precipitation interannual variability is projected to increase due to climate change, effects of changes in precipitation variance have received considerable less attention than effects of changes in the mean state of climate. Interannual precipitation variability effects on functional diversity and its consequences for ecosystem functioning are assessed here using a 6-year rainfall manipulation experiment. Five precipitation treatments were switched annually resulting in increased levels of precipitation variability while maintaining average precipitation constant. Functional diversity showed a positive response to increased variability due to increased evenness. Dominant grasses decreased and rare plant functional types increased in abundance because grasses showed a hump-shaped response to precipitation with a maximum around modal precipitation, whereas rare species peaked at high precipitation values. Increased functional diversity ameliorated negative effects of precipitation variability on primary production. Rare species buffered the effect of precipitation variability on the variability in total productivity because their variance decreases with increasing precipitation variance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laureano A Gherardi
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4501, USA
| | - Osvaldo E Sala
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4501, USA.,School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-4501, USA
| |
Collapse
|