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Norman GL, Reig A, Viñas O, Mahler M, Wunsch E, Milkiewicz P, Swain MG, Mason A, Stinton LM, Aparicio MB, Aldegunde MJ, Fritzler MJ, Parés A. The Prevalence of Anti-Hexokinase-1 and Anti- Kelch-Like 12 Peptide Antibodies in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis Is Similar in Europe and North America: A Large International, Multi-Center Study. Front Immunol 2019; 10:662. [PMID: 31001269 PMCID: PMC6456688 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), formerly known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is present worldwide. Autoantibodies, in particular anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) detected by indirect immunofluorescence assays or newer solid phase immunoassays can detect most, but not all individuals with PBC. Detection of antibodies to the anti-nuclear antigens sp100 and gp210 can identify additional PBC patients, but some seronegative patients remain, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Antibodies to kelch-like 12 (KLHL12) and hexokinase 1 (HK-1) were recently identified as new biomarkers for PBC and notably identify patients who are negative for conventional autoantibodies. To become globally adopted, it is important to validate these new biomarkers in different geographic areas. In the present study we evaluated the prevalence of anti-KLHL12 (measured by a KLHL12-derived peptide referred to as KL-p) and anti-HK-1 antibodies by ELISA at five sites within Europe and North America and demonstrated the presence of these antibodies in patients with PBC in all geographies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary L Norman
- Department of Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anna Reig
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Odette Viñas
- Immunology Department, Hospital Clínic, Centre Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Mahler
- Department of Research and Development, Inova Diagnostics, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ewa Wunsch
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medicine University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medicine University, Szczecin, Poland.,Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mark G Swain
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew Mason
- Division of Gastroenterology (Liver Unit), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Laura M Stinton
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Belen Aparicio
- Laboratorio Autoimmunidad, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Aldegunde
- Laboratorio Autoimmunidad, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Albert Parés
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERehd, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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