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Kapantaidaki DE, Sadikoglou E, Tsakireli D, Kampanis V, Stavrakaki M, Schorn C, Ilias A, Riga M, Tsiamis G, Nauen R, Skavdis G, Vontas J, Tsagkarakou A. Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum populations and novel diagnostics for kdr mutations. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:59-69. [PMID: 28734106 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonicotinoids, pyrethroids and ketoenols are currently used for the control of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). In this study, insecticide resistance status and mechanisms were investigated using classical bioassays and molecular techniques. RESULTS Dose-response bioassays were performed on 19 Greek populations, among the 35 different whitefly populations used for the whole analysis. Resistance factors scaled up to 207-, 4657- and 59-fold for imidacloprid, bifenthrin and spiromesifen, respectively. Molecular assays were used to investigate the frequency of known resistance mutations. A simple polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was developed for detecting the pyrethroid-resistant alleles r1 (mutation L925I) and r2 (mutation T929I) of the para-type voltage-gated sodium channel gene (VGSC). Both alleles were present at high frequencies (on average 65% and 33%, respectively) in 14 populations from Greece. The M918 L pyrethroid resistance mutation was not detected in any of the Greek populations. Sequencing and a Taqman allelic discrimination were used to monitor the frequency of the mutation E645K of the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase gene (ACC) recently linked to spiromesifen resistance. This mutation was detected in 20 of the 24 populations examined in ∼38% frequency among the 433 individuals tested. However, its association with the spiromesifen resistance phenotype was not confirmed in the Greek populations. Finally, two homologues of the CYP6CM1 Bemisia tabaci P450, the known neonicotinoid metabolizer, were found upregulated in two T. vaporariorum neonicotinoid-resistant populations; they were both functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, but the recombinant proteins encoded did not metabolize those neonicotinoid insecticides tested. CONCLUSION The development of simple diagnostics and their use alongside classical and molecular techniques for the early detection of resistant populations are of great importance for pest management strategies. The practical implications of our results are discussed in light of whitefly control. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina E Kapantaidaki
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'DEMETER', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eldem Sadikoglou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tsakireli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileios Kampanis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Marianna Stavrakaki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'DEMETER', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Corinna Schorn
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D Pest Control Biology, Monheim, Germany
| | - Aris Ilias
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'DEMETER', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D Pest Control Biology, Monheim, Germany
| | - George Skavdis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsagkarakou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation - 'DEMETER', Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, Heraklion, Greece
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