1
|
Han H, Sun Y, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Yuan T. The Effect of Nanobubble Water Containing Cordyceps Extract and Withaferin A on Free Fatty Acid-Induced Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2265. [PMID: 37570582 PMCID: PMC10421312 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps extract and withaferin A (Wi-A) are natural compounds that have therapeutic effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their efficacy is limited and a long treatment duration is usually required. To enhance their efficiency, the synergistic effects of nanobubble water (NBW) derived from nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen gases were investigated. Results showed that the physical properties of all three NBWs, including nanobubble density (108 particles/mL) and zeta potential (below -22 mV), were stable during 48 h of storage. Hydrogen and nitrogen NBWs did not reduce, but instead promoted, free fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. In contrast, oxygen NBW synergistically enhanced the effects of cordyceps extract and Wi-A. The lipid content decreased by 29% and 33% in the oxygen NBW + cordyceps extract and oxygen NBW + Wi-A groups, respectively, compared to reductions of 22% and 16% by aqueous extracts without NB. This study found that NBW may enhance the lipid-reducing effects of natural compounds, such as cordyceps extract and withaferin A, in hepatic cells. Further studies in animal experiments are needed to determine whether NBW has a potential application in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tian Yuan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan; (H.H.); (Y.S.); (W.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barathikannan K, Tyagi A, Shan L, Kim NH, Lee DS, Park JS, Chelliah R, Oh DH. Antiobesity and Antioxidative Effect of Fermented Brown Rice Using In Vitro with In Vivo Caenorhabditis elegans Model. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020374. [PMID: 36836733 PMCID: PMC9963734 DOI: 10.3390/life13020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring phytochemicals from plants or grains are crucial in reducing various metabolic disorders. Bioactive phytonutrients are abundant in the Asian dietary staple, brown rice. This research evaluated the impact of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) bioconversion and fermentation on antioxidant and antiobesity activities and ferulic acid content in brown rice. The combination of bioconversion with Pediococcus acidilactici MNL5 among all LABs used showed a synergistic impact with 24 h of solid-state brown rice fermentation. The 24-h MNL5 fermented brown rice (FBR) demonstrated the most potent pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity (85.5 ± 1.25%) compared to raw brown rice (RBR) (54.4 ± 0.86%). The antioxidant potential of MNL5-FBR was also found to be highest in the DPPH assay (124.40 ± 2.40 mg Trolox Equiv./100 g, DW), ABTS assay (130.52 ± 2.32 mg Trolox Equiv./100 g, DW), and FRAP assay (116.16 ± 2.42 mg Trolox Equiv./100 g, DW). Based on higher antioxidant and antiobesity activities, samples were quantified for ferulic acid content using the HPLC-MS/MS approach. Furthermore, C. elegans supplementation with FBR showed enhanced life span and lipid reduction in fluorescence microscope analysis compared to the control. Our results indicate that the expression study using the C. elegans model (N2 and Daf-2 models) fat gene was conducted, showing a lowering of obesity ability in FBR-fed worms. Our study indicates that FBR has improved antioxidant and antiobesity actions, especially in MNL5-FBR, and can be employed to develop functional foods that combat obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyan Barathikannan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
- Agricultural and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Akanksha Tyagi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
| | - Lingyue Shan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
| | - Deuk-Sik Lee
- Life Science Institute, Well-being LS Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Park
- Life Science Institute, Well-being LS Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
- Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology KIIT, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600124, India
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200701, Republic of Korea
- Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology KIIT, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barathikannan K, Chelliah R, Elahi F, Tyagi A, Selvakumar V, Agastian P, Valan Arasu M, Oh DH. Anti-Obesity Efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici MNL5 in Canorhabditis elegans Gut Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031276. [PMID: 35163199 PMCID: PMC8835910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, thirty two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented Indian herbal medicine. In comparison to other strains, MNL5 had stronger bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and cholesterol-lowering properties. Furthermore, it can withstand the extreme conditions found in the GI tract, due to, e.g., pepsin, bile salts, pancreatin, and acids. Pediococcus acidilactici MNL5 was identified as a probiotic candidate after sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The antibacterial activity of P. acidilactici MNL5 cell-free supernatants (CFS) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, Bacillus cereus, and Candida albicans was moderate. A Caenorhabditis elegans experiment was also performed to assess the effectiveness of P. acidilactici MNL5 supplementation to increase life span compared to E. coli supplementation (DAF-2 and LIU1 models) (p < 0.05). An immense reduction of the lipid droplets of C. elegans was identified through a fluorescent microscope. The drastic alteration of the expression of fat genes is related to obesity phenotypes. Hence, several paths are evolutionary for C. elegans; the results of our work highlight the nematode as an important model for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyan Barathikannan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
- Agricultural and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
- Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology (KIIT), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Fazle Elahi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
| | - Akanksha Tyagi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
| | - Vijayalakshmi Selvakumar
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
| | - Paul Agastian
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034, India;
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Deog-Hawn Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (K.B.); (R.C.); (F.E.); (A.T.); (V.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-6457
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Umarje S, James NM, Dave P, Raut A, Pandey N. Impact of Adherence, Patient Perception, and Knowledge to Statin Therapy - A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021; 25:206-210. [PMID: 34760675 PMCID: PMC8547405 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_120_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, are common in Indian population. Statin utilization is high across the country and it is important to assess the adherence because it plays an important role in treatment outcome. Statin adherence is not studied well in India. This study aims at measuring the adherence, perception, and knowledge of individuals on statin therapy. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study on 130 consented individuals visiting a tertiary care teaching hospital. Study was conducted for a duration of 9 months. METHODS AND MATERIALS After obtaining approval from the institutional ethics committee the study subjects were assessed for knowledge, perception, and adherence to statin therapy using a systematically developed interview questionnaire. RESULTS Good adherence was seen in 42.30% patients. Higher proportions of females were reported to have good adherence. Good adherence was observed in patients with a history of coronary heart disease and atorvastatin as monotherapy (P = 0.0029) and fixed dose combination (P = 0.0012), whereas lipid reduction was found directly related to type of adherence. Lack of knowledge, cost, re-fill issues, and adverse effects were some of the barriers identified. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION Knowledge and patient perception plays a very important role in determining the adherence to statin therapy. A history of coronary heart disease, choice of statin, and cost of therapy are the contributing factors to adherence. Patient counselling and improving the cost-effectiveness of statin therapy can be considered as interventional strategies to overcome adherence issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi Umarje
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha M. James
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priti Dave
- Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asawari Raut
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yi R, Tan F, Zhou X, Mu J, Li L, Du X, Yang Z, Zhao X. Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 on Lipid Reduction in C57BL/6J Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:573586. [PMID: 33013810 PMCID: PMC7494803 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are functional foods that can effectively regulate lipid reduction and maintain body health. In this study, a strain of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 (LF-CQPC04) isolated from traditional naturally fermented vegetables (Sichuan pickles) was studied, and its effects on lipid reduction in mice, as well as its mechanism of action, were observed. The results of this experiment show that LF-CQPC04 can reduce the abnormal weight gain and abnormal visceral index of mice caused by a high-fat diet. LF-CQPC04 can decrease TG (triglycerides), TC (total cholesterol), LDL-c (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), AST (aspartate transaminase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), and AKP (alkaline phosphatase) levels and increase HDL-c (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels in the serum of high-fat mice. LF-CQPC04 can also decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha), and IFN-γ (interferon gamma), and increase IL-4 and IL-10 levels in the serum of high-fat mice. The results of RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and western blot experiments show that LF-CQPC04 can also down-regulate the expression of PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), C/EBP-α (CCAAT/enhances binding protein alpha) mRNA, and protein in the liver tissue of high-fat mice, while up-regulating the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase), PPAR-α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha), CPT1 (carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1), LPL (lipoprotein lipase), and ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1). Moreover, LF-CQPC04 shows stronger effects in regulating lipid reduction in mice than L-carnitine and commercial LB (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus) bacteria. LF-CQPC04 is beneficial for lipid reduction in animals and has good probiotic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruokun Yi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Public Health, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela, Philippines
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfei Mu
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiping Du
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the world's most aggressive diseases, claiming over 17.5 million lives per year. This disease is usually caused by high amounts of lipoproteins circulating in the blood stream, which leads to plaque formation. Ultimately, these plaques can undergo thrombosis and lead to major heart damage. A major contributor to these vulnerable plaques is macrophage apoptosis. Development of nanovehicles that carry contrast and therapeutic agents to the mitochondria within these macrophages is attractive for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a dual-targeted synthetic nanoparticle (NP) to perform the double duty of diagnosis and therapy in atherosclerosis treatment regime. A library of dual-targeted NPs with an encapsulated iron oxide NP, mito-magneto (MM), with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancement capability was elucidated. Relaxivity measurements revealed that there is a substantial enhancement in transverse relaxivities upon the encapsulation of MM inside the dual-targeted NPs, highlighting the MRI contrast-enhancing ability of these NPs. Successful in vivo imaging documenting the distribution of MM-encapsulated dual-targeted NPs in the heart and aorta in mice ensured the diagnostic potential. The presence of mannose receptor targeting ligands and the optimization of the NP composition facilitated its ability to perform therapeutic duty by targeting the macrophages at the plaque. These dual-targeted NPs with the encapsulated MM were able to show therapeutic potential and did not trigger any toxic immunogenic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhabatosh Banik
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Bapurao Surnar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Brett W Askins
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Mainak Banerjee
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
| | - Shanta Dhar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , Florida 33136 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens Georgia 30602 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stuart KL, Wyld B, Bastiaans K, Stocks N, Brinkworth G, Mohr P, Noakes M. A telephone-supported cardiovascular lifestyle programme (CLIP) for lipid reduction and weight loss in general practice patients: a randomised controlled pilot trial. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:640-7. [PMID: 23452940 PMCID: PMC10282359 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980013000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a primary prevention care model using telephone support delivered through an existing health call centre to general practitioner-referred patients at risk of developing CVD, using objective measures of CVD risk reduction and weight loss. DESIGN Participants were randomised into two groups: (i) those receiving a telephone-supported comprehensive lifestyle intervention programme (CLIP: written structured diet and exercise advice, plus seven telephone sessions with the Heart Foundation Health Information Service); and (ii) those receiving usual care from their general practitioner (control: written general lifestyle advice). Fasting plasma lipids, blood pressure, weight, waist circumference and height were assessed on general practice premises by a practice nurse at Weeks 0 and 12. SETTING Two general practices in Adelaide, South Australia. SUBJECTS Forty-nine men and women aged 48·0 (sd 5·88) years identified by their general practitioner as being at future risk of CVD (BMI = 33·13 (sd 5·39) kg/m2; LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) = 2·66 (sd 0·92) mmol/l). RESULTS CLIP participants demonstrated significantly greater reductions in LDL-C (estimated mean (EM) = 1·98 (se 0·17) mmol/l) and total cholesterol (EM = 3·61 (se 0·21) mmol/l) at Week 12 when compared with the control group (EM = 3·23 (se 0·18) mmol/l and EM = 4·77 (se 0·22) mmol/l, respectively). There were no significant treatment effects for systolic blood pressure (F(1,45) = 0·28, P = 0·60), diastolic blood pressure (F(1,43) = 0·52, P = 0·47), weight (F(1,42) = 3·63, P = 0·063) or waist circumference (F(1,43) = 0·32, P = 0·577). CONCLUSIONS In general practice patients, delivering CLIP through an existing telephone health service is effective in achieving reductions in LDL-C and total cholesterol. While CLIP may have potential for wider implementation to support primary prevention of CVD, longer-term cost-effectiveness data are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Louise Stuart
- Discipline of General Practice, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Belinda Wyld
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Animal, Food and Health Sciences, PO Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Kathryn Bastiaans
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Animal, Food and Health Sciences, PO Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nigel Stocks
- Discipline of General Practice, School of Population Health and Clinical Practice, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Grant Brinkworth
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Animal, Food and Health Sciences, PO Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Phil Mohr
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Animal, Food and Health Sciences, PO Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Manny Noakes
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Animal, Food and Health Sciences, PO Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|