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Dias FF, Amaral KB, Malta KK, Silva TP, Rodrigues GSC, Rosa FM, Rodrigues GOL, Costa VV, Chiarini-Garcia H, Weller PF, Melo RCN. Identification of Piecemeal Degranulation and Vesicular Transport of MBP-1 in Liver-Infiltrating Mouse Eosinophils During Acute Experimental Schistosoma mansoni Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3019. [PMID: 30619361 PMCID: PMC6306457 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils have been long associated with helminthic infections, although their functions in these diseases remain unclear. During schistosomiasis caused by the trematode Schistosoma mansoni, eosinophils are specifically recruited and migrate to sites of granulomatous responses where they degranulate. However, little is known about the mechanisms of eosinophil secretion during this disease. Here, we investigated the degranulation patterns, including the cellular mechanisms of major basic protein-1 (MBP-1) release, from inflammatory eosinophils in a mouse model of S. mansoni infection (acute phase). Fragments of the liver, a major target organ of this disease, were processed for histologic analyses (whole slide imaging), conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunonanogold EM using a pre-embedding approach for precise localization of major basic protein 1 (MBP-1), a typical cationic protein stored pre-synthesized in eosinophil secretory (specific) granules. A well-characterized granulomatous inflammatory response with a high number of infiltrating eosinophils surrounding S. mansoni eggs was observed in the livers of infected mice. Moreover, significant elevations in the levels of plasma Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10) and serum enzymes (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) reflecting altered liver function were detected in response to the infection. TEM quantitative analyses revealed that while 19.1% of eosinophils were intact, most of them showed distinct degranulation processes: cytolysis (13.0%), classical and/or compound exocytosis identified by granule fusions (1.5%), and mainly piecemeal degranulation (PMD) (66.4%), which is mediated by vesicular trafficking. Immunonanogold EM showed a consistent labeling for MBP-1 associated with secretory granules. Most MBP-1-positive granules had PMD features (79.0 ± 4.8%). MBP-1 was also present extracellularly and on vesicles distributed in the cytoplasm and attached to/surrounding the surface of emptying granules. Our data demonstrated that liver-infiltrating mouse eosinophils are able to degranulate through different secretory processes during acute experimental S. mansoni infections with PMD being the predominant mechanism of eosinophil secretion. This means that a selective secretion of MBP-1 is occurring. Moreover, our study demonstrates, for the first time, a vesicular trafficking of MBP-1 within mouse eosinophils elicited by a helminth infection. Vesicle-mediated secretion of MBP-1 may be relevant for the rapid release of small concentrations of MBP-1 under cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F Dias
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Kátia B Amaral
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Kássia K Malta
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S C Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Florence M Rosa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gisele O L Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vivian V Costa
- Center for Drug Research and Development of Pharmaceuticals, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Research Group in Arboviral Diseases, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Hélio Chiarini-Garcia
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Structural Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Peter F Weller
- Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rossana C N Melo
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.,Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, MA, United States
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Ellis AK, Ackerman SJ, Crawford L, Du J, Bedi R, Denburg JA. Cord blood molecular biomarkers of eosinophilopoiesis: kinetic analysis of GATA-1, MBP1 and IL-5R alpha mRNA expression. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21:640-648. [PMID: 20337967 PMCID: PMC10411049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophil/basophil (Eo/B) progenitor phenotype and function in cord blood (CB) are associated with atopic risk at birth and infant clinical outcomes. Molecular analyses of eosinophil-basophil differentiation events could identify clinically predictive biomarkers. To determine CB kinetic patterns of Eo/B lineage-associated gene expression (GATA-1, MBP1 and IL-5R alpha) after IL-5 stimulation, CB non-adherent mononuclear cells were isolated from random fresh and frozen samples and incubated in the presence of recombinant human interleukin-5. Some underwent CD34+ positive selection using magnetic cell separation. At various time-points, mRNA expression of GATA-1, MBP1 and IL-5R alpha (total transcripts) was determined utilizing multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). Relative expression levels of the IL-5R alpha soluble vs. transmembrane isoforms were also analyzed. Stimulation of the non-adherent mononuclear cells with IL-5 resulted in early up-regulation of GATA-1, peaking at 48 h, followed by decreasing expression and down-regulation by 96 h. The CD34+ enriched population demonstrated an equivalent expression pattern (r = 0.963, p = 0.0349). MBP1 mRNA expression [non-adherent mononuclear cells (NAMNCs) and CD34+ alike; r = 0.988, p = 0.012] was slowly up-regulated in response to IL-5, maximal at 96 h. Total IL-5R alpha expression appeared stable over the time-course, mediated by differential expression of the soluble and transmembrane isoforms (i.e., initial increase in the transmembrane contribution followed by a predominance of the soluble isoform by 48-72 h). Multiplex Q-PCR analysis of mRNA from CB demonstrates expression of critical eosinophil-basophil lineage-specific events that are consistent with current understanding of eosinophil differentiation and maturation. The non-adherent mononuclear cell population provides a surrogate signal for the CD34+ progenitor population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Ellis
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Steven J. Ackerman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lynn Crawford
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richa Bedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judah A. Denburg
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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