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Gunda H, Ray KG, Klebanoff LE, Dun C, Marple MAT, Li S, Sharma P, Friddle RW, Sugar JD, Snider JL, Horton RD, Davis BC, Chames JM, Liu YS, Guo J, Mason HE, Urban JJ, Wood BC, Allendorf MD, Jasuja K, Stavila V. Hydrogen Storage in Partially Exfoliated Magnesium Diboride Multilayers. Small 2023; 19:e2205487. [PMID: 36470595 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal boride nanostructures have shown significant promise for hydrogen storage applications. However, the synthesis of nanoscale metal boride particles is challenging because of their high surface energy, strong inter- and intraplanar bonding, and difficult-to-control surface termination. Here, it is demonstrated that mechanochemical exfoliation of magnesium diboride in zirconia produces 3-4 nm ultrathin MgB2 nanosheets (multilayers) in high yield. High-pressure hydrogenation of these multilayers at 70 MPa and 330 °C followed by dehydrogenation at 390 °C reveals a hydrogen capacity of 5.1 wt%, which is ≈50 times larger than the capacity of bulk MgB2 under the same conditions. This enhancement is attributed to the creation of defective sites by ball-milling and incomplete Mg surface coverage in MgB2 multilayers, which disrupts the stable boron-boron ring structure. The density functional theory calculations indicate that the balance of Mg on the MgB2 nanosheet surface changes as the material hydrogenates, as it is energetically favorable to trade a small number of Mg vacancies in Mg(BH4 )2 for greater Mg coverage on the MgB2 surface. The exfoliation and creation of ultrathin layers is a promising new direction for 2D metal boride/borohydride research with the potential to achieve high-capacity reversible hydrogen storage at more moderate pressures and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Gunda
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Keith G Ray
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | | | - Chaochao Dun
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Maxwell A T Marple
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Sichi Li
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Peter Sharma
- Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank SE, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Raymond W Friddle
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Joshua D Sugar
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jonathan L Snider
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Robert D Horton
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Brendan C Davis
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jeffery M Chames
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Yi-Sheng Liu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Harris E Mason
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Brandon C Wood
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Mark D Allendorf
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Kabeer Jasuja
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Vitalie Stavila
- Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
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Liu Y, Zhang D, Ma Y, Li J, Bai Y, Peng J. The Hydrosilylation and Cyanosilylation of Ketones Catalyzed using Metal Borohydrides. Curr Org Synth 2020; 16:276-282. [PMID: 31975676 DOI: 10.2174/1570179415666181114111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE The hydrosilylation reaction of carbonyl compounds has emerged as a powerful method in organic synthesis. The catalytic hydrosilylation of ketones is a valuable transformation because it generates protected cyanosilylation reaction of carbonyl compounds is an efficient procedure for the synthesis of silylated cyanohydrins, which are readily converted into useful functionalized compounds, such as cyanohydrins, α-hydroxy acids, β-amino alcohols and other biologically active compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS A facile, economic and efficient method has been developed for the hydrosilylation and cyanosilylation of ketones using metal borohydrides. A series of silylated ethers and silylated cyanohydrins can be isolated via direct distillation. RESULTS The catalytic properties of a range of metal borohydrides in the hydrosilylation reaction of acetophenone with diphenylsilane were investigated. The relative catalytic activity of the borohydride catalyst studied was as follows: (CH3)4NBH4> (PhCH2)(CH3)3NBH4> (CH2CH3)4NBH4> (CH3CH2CH2CH3)4NBH4> NaBH4> KBH4> LiBH4. The cyanosilylation of acetophenone using trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) in the presence of NaBH4 occurred under similar reaction conditions. An excellent reaction rate and high conversion were obtained. CONCLUSION The metal borohydride-catalyzed hydrosilylation alcohols in one step. The and cyanosilylation of ketones could be carried out smoothly under mild reaction conditions. Among the metal borohydrides studied, an excellent reaction rate and high conversion were obtained using NaBH4, NaBH (CH2CH3)3 or (alkyl)4 NBH4 as the reaction catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Duodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiayun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jiajian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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