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Lin W, Zhou Z, Chen Z, Xu K, Wu C, Duan X, Dong L, Chen Z, Weng W, Cheng K. Accelerated Bone Regeneration on the Metal Surface through Controllable Surface Potential. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:46493-46503. [PMID: 37729066 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Surface potential is rarely investigated as an independent factor in influencing tissue regeneration on the metal surface. In this work, the surface potential on the titanium (Ti) surface was designed to be tailored and adjusted independently, which arises from the ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity of poled poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVTF). Notably, it is found that such controllable surface potential on the metal surface significantly promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro as well as bone regeneration in vivo. In addition, the intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration measurement further proves that such controllable surface potential on the metal surface could activate the transmembrane calcium channels and allow the influx of extracellular Ca2+ into the cytoplasm. That might be the reason for improved osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and bone regeneration. These findings reveal the potential of the metal surface with improved bioactivity for stimulation of osteogenesis and show great prospects for fabricable implantable medical devices with adjustable surface potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
| | - Zhuoneng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 1, Hangzhou 310003, Peoples R China
| | - Kaicheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 2, Hangzhou 310009, Peoples R China
| | - Chengwei Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
| | - Xiyue Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
| | - Lingqing Dong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Peoples R China
| | - Zuobing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 1, Hangzhou 310003, Peoples R China
| | - Wenjian Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Rehabilitation Biomedical Materials, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 1, Hangzhou 310003, Peoples R China
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Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira, Maycon Crispim de Oliveira Carvalho, Giovanna Vitória Schmitz, Túlia de Souza Botelho Almeida, Henrique Cunha Carvalho, Adriana Barrinha Fernandes, Carlos José de Lima. Ozonated water in disinfection of hospital instrument table. Res. Biomed. Eng. 2023. [ DOI: 10.1007/s42600-023-00272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The walls, ceiling, and floor of a surgical environment, as well as the surfaces used in this place, must be submitted to a disinfection protocol to minimize nosocomial infections. Health regulations recommend two stages; the first is characterized by cleaning procedures, mainly using an enzymatic detergent, and the second is use of a disinfection agent. Ozone is a natural substance that has a relevant oxidative property for inactivating microorganisms and has emerged as an interesting agent in the hospital environment. Compared with conventional chemical products for disinfection, ozonated water has advantages such as a lack of storage control, disposal, and handling safety. The objective of this study was to use ozonated water as a disinfectant agent on a hospital metal surface, in comparison with 70% alcohol. Methods The degree of disinfection of the metal surface was quantitatively analyzed with use of an instrument by bioluminescence for a disinfection test. Results Qualitative terms indicated gram-positive cocci microorganisms and yeasts, suggesting that bacteria and fungi from the environment were identified. After the use of ozonated water as a disinfectant, the quantitative analysis indicated values below 100 RLU, showing evidence of a surface suitable for use in surgical procedures. Conclusion The use of ozonated water as a disinfectant agent for a metal surface in a hospital environment showed more effectiveness than 70% alcohol. Thus, ozonated water is a promising agent for disinfecting surfaces in surgical environments.
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Perlis V, Mtanis T, Biadsee A, Ormianer Z. Thermal Cycling Effect on Locator System Retention and Metal Surface Roughness. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:771-777. [PMID: 35061925 PMCID: PMC10078641 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the effects of the thermal cycling (TC) process on the metal surfaces of Locators, as well as retention loss, and the correlation between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five new Locator R-Tx were included in the study. Four areas were marked on each Locators' patrix metal surface and scanned using a confocal scanner (μsurf explorer; NanoFocus). Three surface roughness parameters were measured in the scans: Sa (average distance of peaks from the central plain of the area), Vmp (volume of the peaks in the area), and Spc (mean curvature of the peaks describing the degree of their sharpness). Retention test was performed using Instron® 4500 compression tension tensile tester at a speed of 10 mm/min. The retention tests were done using a working model made of two acrylic blocks in which the Locator system parts were inserted. The surface parameters measurements and the retention tests were performed 2 times, once before and once after TC. The Locators were subjected to 15,000 TC cycles by investing them into 2 tubs with different water temperatures, 55°C and 5°C. During each 60-second cycle, the Locators were submerged in each tub for 20 seconds, with a 10 second transition time between the tubs. The post-TC retention and surface parameters measurements were compared with those prior to TC and the prior to TC measurements served as controls. Changes in parameters before and after TC were analyzed by a two-way ANOVA nested model with random intercept and slope by restricted maximum likelihood method. Correlation between retention and surface parameters was quantified and examined using Kendall's correlation test. The findings were considered statistically significant if p < 0.05. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in retention of 16.6N at the second retention test (p < 0.001). A significant statistical decrease in surface parameters were measured after TC process, Sa and Vmp (18 ×10-3 μm, p = 0.041 and 0.94 ×10-3 1/μm, p = 0.001, respectively). A significant statistical increase in Spc of 6.4 ×10-3 μm3 /μm2 (p = 0.023) was noticed. The correlation between retention decreases and surface changes was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The TC process causes a substantial reduction in retention to the Locator system over time. In addition, TC causes significant but minor changes to the Locator surface area. Most of the changes are in the horizontal dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Perlis
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tarek Mtanis
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ameer Biadsee
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zeev Ormianer
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Tsuda Y, Gueriba JS, Ueta H, Diño WA, Kurahashi M, Okada M. Probing Copper and Copper-Gold Alloy Surfaces with Space-Quantized Oxygen Molecular Beam. JACS Au 2022; 2:1839-1847. [PMID: 36032532 PMCID: PMC9400043 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The orientation and motion of reactants play important roles in reactions. The small rotational excitations involved render the reactants susceptible to dynamical steering, making direct comparison between experiments and theory rather challenging. Using space-quantized molecular beams, we directly probed the (polar and azimuthal) orientation dependence of O2 chemisorption on Cu(110) and Cu3Au(110). We observed polar and azimuthal anisotropies on both surfaces. Chemisorption proceeded rather favorably with the O-O bond axis oriented parallel (vs perpendicular) to the surface and rather favorably with the O-O bond axis oriented along [001] (vs along [1̅10]). The presence of Au hindered the surface from further oxidation, introducing a higher activation barrier to chemisorption and rendering an almost negligible azimuthal anisotropy. The presence of Au also prevented the cartwheel-like rotations of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Tsuda
- Department
of Chemistry, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Materials
Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
Agency, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | | | - Hirokazu Ueta
- National
Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Wilson Agerico Diño
- Department
of Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Center
for Atomic and Molecular Technologies, Osaka
University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Michio Okada
- Department
of Chemistry, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Institute
for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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5
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Xiao X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Kong H, An R, Li S, Liu W, Ji Q. Chiral Recognition on Bare Gold Surfaces by Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25028-25033. [PMID: 34545674 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is one of the powerful tools for the studies of molecular recognition and chiral discrimination. Its efficiency mainly relies on the design of the functional sensitive layer on the electrode surface. However, the organic sensitive layer may easily cause dissipation of oscillation or detachment and weaken the signal transfer during the molecular recognition processes. In this work, we reveal for the first time that the bare metal surface without the organic selector layer has the capability for chiral recognition in the QCM system. During the adsorption of various chiral amino acids, relatively higher selectivity of D-enantiomers on gold (Au) surface was shown by the QCM detection. Based on analyses of the surface crystalline structure and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that the chiral nature of Au surface plays an important role in the selective binding of specific D-amino acids. These results may open new insights on chiral detection by QCM system. It will also promote the construction of novel chiral sensing systems with both efficient detection and separation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Xiao
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Huihui Kong
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Rong An
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qingmin Ji
- Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Box C, Zhang Y, Yin R, Jiang B, Maurer RJ. Determining the Effect of Hot Electron Dissipation on Molecular Scattering Experiments at Metal Surfaces. JACS Au 2021; 1:164-173. [PMID: 34467282 PMCID: PMC8395621 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic effects that arise from the concerted motion of electrons and atoms at comparable energy and time scales are omnipresent in thermal and light-driven chemistry at metal surfaces. Excited (hot) electrons can measurably affect molecule-metal reactions by contributing to state-dependent reaction probabilities. Vibrational state-to-state scattering of NO on Au(111) has been one of the most studied examples in this regard, providing a testing ground for developing various nonadiabatic theories. This system is often cited as the prime example for the failure of electronic friction theory, a very efficient model accounting for dissipative forces on metal-adsorbed molecules due to the creation of hot electrons in the metal. However, the exact failings compared to experiment and their origin from theory are not established for any system because dynamic properties are affected by many compounding simulation errors of which the quality of nonadiabatic treatment is just one. We use a high-dimensional machine learning representation of electronic structure theory to minimize errors that arise from quantum chemistry. This allows us to perform a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the performance of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics in describing vibrational state-to-state scattering of NO on Au(111) and compare directly to adiabatic results. We find that electronic friction theory accurately predicts elastic and single-quantum energy loss but underestimates multiquantum energy loss and overestimates molecular trapping at high vibrational excitation. Our analysis reveals that multiquantum energy loss can potentially be remedied within friction theory whereas the overestimation of trapping constitutes a genuine breakdown of electronic friction theory. Addressing this overestimation for dynamic processes in catalysis and surface chemistry will likely require more sophisticated theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
L. Box
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Yaolong Zhang
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry
and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rongrong Yin
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry
and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department
of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry
and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Reinhard J. Maurer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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7
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Böckmann H, Gawinkowski S, Waluk J, Raschke MB, Wolf M, Kumagai T. Near-Field Enhanced Photochemistry of Single Molecules in a Scanning Tunneling Microscope Junction. Nano Lett 2018; 18:152-157. [PMID: 29266954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Optical near-field excitation of metallic nanostructures can be used to enhance photochemical reactions. The enhancement under visible light illumination is of particular interest because it can facilitate the use of sunlight to promote photocatalytic chemical and energy conversion. However, few studies have yet addressed optical near-field induced chemistry, in particular at the single-molecule level. In this Letter, we report the near-field enhanced tautomerization of porphycene on a Cu(111) surface in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) junction. The light-induced tautomerization is mediated by photogenerated carriers in the Cu substrate. It is revealed that the reaction cross section is significantly enhanced in the presence of a Au tip compared to the far-field induced process. The strong enhancement occurs in the red and near-infrared spectral range for Au tips, whereas a W tip shows a much weaker enhancement, suggesting that excitation of the localized plasmon resonance contributes to the process. Additionally, using the precise tip-surface distance control of the STM, the near-field enhanced tautomerization is examined in and out of the tunneling regime. Our results suggest that the enhancement is attributed to the increased carrier generation rate via decay of the excited near-field in the STM junction. Additionally, optically excited tunneling electrons also contribute to the process in the tunneling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Böckmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylwester Gawinkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University , Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Markus B Raschke
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Martin Wolf
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- JST-PRESTO , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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8
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Sharma CS, Combe J, Giger M, Emmerich T, Poulikakos D. Growth Rates and Spontaneous Navigation of Condensate Droplets Through Randomly Structured Textures. ACS Nano 2017; 11:1673-1682. [PMID: 28170223 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dropwise condensation is a phenomenon of common occurrence in everyday life, the understanding and controlling of which is of great interest to applications ranging from technology to nature. Scalable superhydrophobic textures on metals are of direct relevance in improving phase change heat transport in realistic industrial applications. Here we reveal important facets of individual droplet growth rate and droplet departure during dropwise condensation on randomly structured hierarchical superhydrophobic aluminum textures, that is, surfaces with a microstructure consisting of irregular re-entrant microcavities and an overlaying nanostructure. We demonstrate that precoalescence droplet growth on such a surface can span a broad range of rates even when the condensation conditions are held constant. The fastest growth rates are observed to be more than 4 times faster as compared to the slowest growing droplets. We show that this variation in droplet growth on the hierarchical texture is primarily controlled by droplet growth dynamics on the nanostructure overlaying the microstructure and is caused by condensation-induced localized wetting nonuniformity on the nanostructure. We also show that the droplets nucleating and growing within the microcavities are able to spontaneously navigate the irregular microcavity geometry, climb the microtexture, and finally depart from the surface by coalescence-induced jumping. This self-navigation is realized by a synergistic combination of self-orienting Laplace pressure gradients induced within the droplet as it dislodges itself and moves through the texture, as well as multidroplet coalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander Shekhar Sharma
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Combe
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Giger
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theo Emmerich
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Xu J, Zhang Z, Zheng X, Bond JW. A Modified Electrostatic Adsorption Apparatus for Latent Fingerprint Development on Unfired Cartridge Cases. J Forensic Sci 2016; 62:776-781. [PMID: 27957742 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Visualization of latent fingerprints on metallic surfaces by the method of applying electrostatic charging and adsorption is considered as a promising chemical-free method, which has the merit of nondestruction, and is considered to be effective for some difficult situations such as aged fingerprint deposits or those exposed to environmental extremes. In fact, a portable electrostatic generator can be easily accessible in a local forensic technology laboratory, which is already widely used in the visualization of footwear impressions. In this study, a modified version of this electrostatic apparatus is proposed for latent fingerprint development and has shown great potential in visualizing fingerprints on metallic surfaces such as cartridge cases. Results indicate that this experimental arrangement can successfully develop aged latent fingerprints on metal surfaces, and we demonstrate its effectiveness compared with existing conventional fingerprint recovery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Xu
- Department of Forensic Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology Application Research, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhang
- Ningbo Public Security Bureau-Jiangbei Branch, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Department of Forensic Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310053, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology Application Research, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - John W Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, George Porter Building, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, U.K
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Böckmann H, Liu S, Mielke J, Gawinkowski S, Waluk J, Grill L, Wolf M, Kumagai T. Direct Observation of Photoinduced Tautomerization in Single Molecules at a Metal Surface. Nano Lett 2016; 16:1034-41. [PMID: 26796945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular switches are of fundamental importance in nature, and light is an important stimulus to selectively drive the switching process. However, the local dynamics of a conformational change in these molecules remain far from being completely understood at the single-molecule level. Here, we report the direct observation of photoinduced tautomerization in single porphycene molecules on a Cu(111) surface by using a combination of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and laser excitation in the near-infrared to ultraviolet regime. It is found that the thermodynamically stable trans configuration of porphycene can be converted to the metastable cis configuration in a unidirectional fashion by photoirradiation. The wavelength dependence of the tautomerization cross section exhibits a steep increase around 2 eV and demonstrates that excitation of the Cu d-band electrons and the resulting hot carriers play a dominant role in the photochemical process. Additionally, a pronounced isotope effect in the cross section (∼100) is observed when the transferred hydrogen atoms are substituted with deuterium, indicating a significant contribution of zero-point energy in the reaction. Combined with the study of inelastic tunneling electron-induced tautomerization with the STM, we propose that tautomerization occurs via excitation of molecular vibrations after photoexcitation. Interestingly, the observed cross section of ∼10(-19) cm(2) in the visible-ultraviolet region is much higher than that of previously studied molecular switches on a metal surface, for example, azobenzene derivatives (10(-23)-10(-22) cm(2)). Furthermore, we examined a local environmental impact on the photoinduced tautomerization by varying molecular density on the surface and find substantial changes in the cross section and quenching of the process due to the intermolecular interaction at high density.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Böckmann
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Liu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Mielke
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Gawinkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - J Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University , Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Grill
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Graz , Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - M Wolf
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Kumagai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Ladenthin JN, Grill L, Gawinkowski S, Liu S, Waluk J, Kumagai T. Hot Carrier-Induced Tautomerization within a Single Porphycene Molecule on Cu(111). ACS Nano 2015; 9:7287-7295. [PMID: 26057840 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the study of tautomerization within a single porphycene molecule adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at 5 K. While molecules are adsorbed on the surface exclusively in the thermodynamically stable trans tautomer after deposition, a voltage pulse from the STM can induce the unidirectional trans → cis and reversible cis ↔ cis tautomerization. From the voltage and current dependence of the tautomerization yield (rate), it is revealed that the process is induced by vibrational excitation via inelastic electron tunneling. However, the metastable cis molecules are thermally switched back to the trans tautomer by heating the surface up to 30 K. Furthermore, we have found that the unidirectional tautomerization can be remotely controlled at a distance from the STM tip. By analyzing the nonlocal process in dependence on various experimental parameters, a hot carrier-mediated mechanism is identified, in which hot electrons (holes) generated by the STM travel along the surface and induce the tautomerization through inelastic scattering with a molecule. The bias voltage and coverage dependent rate of the nonlocal tautomerization clearly show a significant contribution of the Cu(111) surface state to the hot carrier-induced process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina N Ladenthin
- †Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonhard Grill
- †Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- ‡Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sylwester Gawinkowski
- §Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Shuyi Liu
- †Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacek Waluk
- §Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- †Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Zhang P, Ma L, Shao H, Zhang J, Zhang W, Ning X, Zhuang J. Low-energy structures of clusters supported on metal fcc(110) surfaces. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011; 6:633. [PMID: 22171642 PMCID: PMC3274563 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-6-633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The low-energy structures (LESs) of adatom clusters on a series of metal face-centered cubic (fcc) (110) surfaces are systematically studied by the genetic algorithm, and a simplified model based on the atomic interactions is developed to explain the LESs. Two different kinds of LES group mainly caused by the different next nearest-neighbor (NNN) adatom-adatom interaction are distinguished, although the NNN atomic interaction is much weaker than the nearest-neighbor interaction. For a repulsive NNN atomic interaction, only the linear chain is included in the LES group. However, for an attractive one, type of structure in the LES group is various and replace gradually one by one with cluster size increasing. Based on our model, we also predict the shape feature of the large cluster which is found to be related closely to the ratio of NN and NNN bond energies, and discuss the surface reconstruction in the view of atomic interaction. The results are in accordance with the experimental observations.PACS: 68.43.Hn; 68.43.Fg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liuxue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hezhu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenxian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xijing Ning
- Applied Ion Beam Physics Lab, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jun Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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