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Wang K, Wang L, Wang YK, You M, Liang T, Zou R, Fan HL. [Remediation of Soil Cadmium Contamination by Solanum nigrum L. Enhanced by the Combination of Exogenous Bacteria and Citric Acid]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:7024-7035. [PMID: 38098425 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202212010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
To determine how to strengthen the Cd-enriched plant Solanum nigrum L. to remediate cadmium(Cd)-contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted with five treatments:control treatment(CK), Glomus mosseae(GM), G. mosseae+citric acid(GM+CA), G. mosseae+Bacillus megaterium(GM+BM), and G. mosseae+B. megaterium+citric acid(GM+BM+CA). We measured soil total Cd, available Cd, plant Cd uptake, and microbial community changes and analyzed the effects of exogenous microbial agents and citric acid addition on the remediation effect of Cd contamination by S. nigrum L. The results showed that relative to that of the CK treatment, the root, stem, and leaf biomass of the GM treatment significantly increased by 35.67%, 41.35%, and 65.38%, and the root and stem biomass of the GM+BM+CA treatment significantly increased by 73.38% and 75.38%. The GM+BM+CA treatment significantly increased Cd accumulation in leaves by 226.84%. The GM+BM+CA treatment significantly increased the Cd transport factor from stem to leaves by 52.47%. The GM+BM+CA treatment significantly increased the leaf bioconcentration factor by 120.53%. In addition, the combined restoration also had an impact on the rhizosphere microbial community structure, especially in inducing the relative abundance of some key microbial groups such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Glomeromycota, and Olpidiomycota to increase by 2.00%-5.77%, 0.76%-9.96%, 2.11%-3.63%, and 0.54%-2.98%, respectively. According to the RDA analysis, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were negatively correlated with soil total Cd, whereas Glomeromycota and Olpidiomycota were negatively correlated with soil total Cd. The changes in key microorganisms enhanced the ability of S. nigrum L. to absorb rhizosphere nutrients and resist Cd stress, increased the Cd accumulation ability of S. nigrum L., and effectively reduced the total Cd content in soil. In conclusion, G. mosseae, citric acid, and B. megaterium activated insoluble Cd in the soil by co-inoculation, which contributed to more Cd accumulation by S. nigrum L. and also produced co-remediation with G. mosseae. The enrichment plant-microorganism combined remediation Cd-contaminated soil has good application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meng You
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong-Li Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Wang W, Zhao Z, Yang J, Lian X, Xie X, Chen H, Wang M, Zheng H. Application of oil-degrading agents consisted of thermophilic Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus glycinifermentans in food waste. Environ Technol 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37953714 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2283064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the effective removal of oil in food waste (FW). Two bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus glycinifermentans, were obtained under high temperature conditions and named YZQ-2 and YZQ-5, respectively. The oil degradation rate of two bacteria was explored under different pH value, temperature, and NaCl concentration. In addition, the lipase and emulsifying activity were evaluated. The maximum oil degradation rate was 83.41 ± 0.86% and the maximum lipase activity reached 89.73 ± 20.89 U L-1 with YZQ-2. The fermentation broth of YZQ-2 displayed exceptional emulsification activity. Subsequently, YZQ-2 and YZQ-5 were added to aerobic FW composting. The moisture content of the compost treated with inoculated strains decreased at a faster rate during the first three days of composting. The microbial quantity increased rapidly in the first three days, and the oil degradation rate reached 39.96% after five days. Due to the excellent adaptability to high temperature and ability to degrade oil, strains YZQ-2 and YZQ-5 exhibit superior potential for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Lian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huabao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Liu XG, Li N, Ji T, Zhou B, Wei M, Li J, Yang FJ. Effects of microbial agents and corn protein ferment on physiological characteristics in leaves and yield of tomato. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2023; 34:3039-3044. [PMID: 37997415 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202311.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Premature senescence in greenhouse tomato is a significant challenge under long-season cultivation, due to suboptimal nutrient management during growth periods. We investigated the effects of microbial agents (T1), corn protein ferment (T2), and their combined application (T3) on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities in 'Saint Laurent 3689' tomato leaves, normal management served as the control (CK). We explored the physiological mechanism of delaying leaf senescence. Results showed that applying microbial agents or corn protein ferment individually led to improvements in leaf photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities. The combined application yielded superior outcomes. Eighty days post the combined application of microbial agents and corn protein ferment (T3), chlorophyll (a+b) content, net photosynthetic rate, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in leaves increased by 16.4%, 30.9%, 23.4%, 33.0% and 40.3%, respectively, compared with the CK. Furthermore, plant height and stem diameter increased by 8.2% and 7.0%, while the total yield exhibited a significant increase of 9.9% compared with the CK 210 days post-treatment. In conclusion, the combined application of microbial agents and corn protein ferment has promising potential in enhancing chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in tomato leaves. This approach effectively delayed leaf senescence, thereby promoting tomato growth and remarkably increasing the yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Gang Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
- Huanghuai Region Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China;Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Min Wei
- >College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
- Huanghuai Region Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China;Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Feng-Juan Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Bio-logy, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
- Huanghuai Region Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China;Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Liu X, Ma A, Zhi T, Hong D, Chen Z, Li S, Jia Y. Dietary Effect of Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 on Chicken Meat Quality, Amino Acid Profile, and Volatile Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020288. [PMID: 36673380 PMCID: PMC9858446 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are being used in diets to improve the quality of chicken meat. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 microbial agent on the meat quality, amino acids, and volatile compounds of chicken. The experiment was carried out with 160 1-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chickens, rearing for 42 d. The chickens were randomly divided into two groups of 8 replicates each, with 10 chickens in each group. No supplement was added to the basal diet in the control group and Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 microbial agent was added to the diet of the experimental group. At the end of the experiment, the meat quality, meat chemical composition, amino acid composition, and volatile compounds of chicken were determined. The results showed that pH (p < 0.05), pressing loss (p < 0.05), cooking loss (p < 0.05), and shear force (p < 0.01) were notably decreased, the percentage of breast meat (p < 0.01), protein content (p < 0.05) were visibly increased, and remarkable changes were observed in the amino acid composition (change in seven amino acids) and volatile compounds profile (an increase of about 20-fold in the contents of 1-octen-3-ol and hexanal). In summary, it was found that Brevibacillus laterosporus S62-9 microbial agent can be used as a novel and effective feed supplement to improve the nutritional quality and flavor characteristics of broilers.
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You M, Wang L, Zhou G, Wang Y, Wang K, Zou R, Cao W, Fan H. Effects of microbial agents on cadmium uptake in Solanum nigrum L. and rhizosphere microbial communities in cadmium-contaminated soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1106254. [PMID: 36687578 PMCID: PMC9849675 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum) and microbial agents are often used for the remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil; however, no studies to date have examined the efficacy of using various microbial agents for enhancing the remediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated soil by S. nigrum. Here, we conducted greenhouse pot experiments to evaluate the efficacy of applying Bacillus megaterium (BM) along with citric acid (BM + CA), Glomus mosseae (BM + GM), and Piriformospora indica (BM + PI) on the ability of S. nigrum to remediate Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that BM + GM significantly increased the Cd accumulation of each pot of S. nigrum by 104% compared with the control. Application of microbial agents changed the soil microbial communities. Redundancy analysis showed that the activities of Catalase (CAT) and urease (UE), soil organic matter, available N and total Cd were the main influencing factors. By constructing the microbial co-occurrence networks, the soil microbe was divided into four main Modules. BM + GM and BM + PI significantly increased the relative abundance of Module#1 and Module#3, respectively, when compared with the control. Additionally, Module#1 showed a significant positive correlation with translocation factor (TF), which could be regarded as the key microbial taxa. Further research found that Ascomycota, Glomeromycota, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria within Module#1 were also significantly correlated with TF, and these key species enriched in BM + GM. Overall, our findings indicate that the BM + GM treatment was the most effective for the remediation of Cd pollution. This treatment method may further affect the rhizosphere microbial community by affecting soil indicators, which might drive the formation of Module#1, thus greatly enhancing the Cd remediation capacity of S. nigrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng You
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guopeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Weidong Cao, ✉
| | - Hongli Fan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, National Engineering Research Center of Arable Land Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China,Hongli Fan, ✉
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Kong J, He Z, Chen L, Yang R, Du J. Efficiency of biochar, nitrogen addition, and microbial agent amendments in remediation of soil properties and microbial community in Qilian Mountains mine soils. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:9318-9331. [PMID: 34306624 PMCID: PMC8293713 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacking systematic evaluations in soil quality and microbial community recovery after different amendments addition limits optimization of amendments combination in coal mine soils. We performed a short-term incubation experiment with a varying temperature over 12 weeks to assess the effects of three amendments (biochar: C; nitrogen fertilizer at three levels: N-N1~N3; microbial agent at two levels: M-M1~M2) based on C/N ratio (regulated by biochar and N level: 35:1, 25:1, 12.5:1) on mine soil properties and microbial community in the Qilian Mountains, China. Over the incubation period, soil pH and MBC/MBN were significantly lower than unamended treatment in N addition and C + M + N treatments, respectively. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and nitrogen (MBN) contents increased significantly in all amended treatments (p < .001). Higher AP, AK, MBC, MBN, and lower MBC/MBN were observed in N2-treated soil (corresponding to C/N ratio of 25:1). Meanwhile, N2-treated soil significantly increased species richness and diversity of soil bacterial community (p < .05). Principal coordinate analysis further showed that soil bacterial community compositions were significantly separated by N level. C-M-N treatments significantly increased the relative abundance (>1%) of the bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and decreased the relative abundance of fungal phyla Chytridiomycota (p < .05). Redundancy analysis illustrated the importance of soil nutrients in explaining variability in bacterial community composition (74.73%) than fungal composition (35.0%). Our results indicated that N addition based on biochar and M can improve soil quality by neutralizing soil pH and increasing soil nutrient contents in short-term, and the appropriate C/N ratio (25:1) can better promote microbial mass, richness, and diversity of soil bacterial community. Our study provided a new insight for achieving restoration of damaged habitats by changing microbial structure, diversity, and mass by regulating C/N ratio of amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqia Kong
- Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkKey Laboratory of Eco‐hydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhibin He
- Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkKey Laboratory of Eco‐hydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Longfei Chen
- Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkKey Laboratory of Eco‐hydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Rong Yang
- Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkKey Laboratory of Eco‐hydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Jun Du
- Linze Inland River Basin Research StationChinese Ecosystem Research NetworkKey Laboratory of Eco‐hydrology of Inland River BasinNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
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Ji C, Huang J, Tian Y, Liu Y, Barvor JB, Shao X, Li Z. Feasibility Study on the Application of Microbial Agent Modified Water-Jet Loom Sludge for the Restoration of Degraded Soil in Mining Areas. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6797. [PMID: 34202710 PMCID: PMC8296874 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Open-pit mining causes soil damage and affects the health of the ecosystem. In the arid grassland mining areas, the soil is severely sanded, water-starved, and saline, thus making it difficult for plants and microorganisms to survive. Water-jet loom sludge can be used to improve the quality as it contains a lot of clay and is rich in organic matter, which provides a material basis for microorganism activity. To explore the effects of microbial agent-modified water-jet loom sludge on the restoration of degraded soil in grassland mining areas, four pot trials were set up, i.e., for untreated soil, the application of a microbial agent alone, the application of water-jet loom sludge alone, and the combined application of water-jet loom sludge and the microbial agent. The results show that (1) microbial agent-modified sludge can improve soil water-holding capacity and aggregate stability; (2) the nutrient content of the restored soil fraction increased significantly, and the pH of the original saline soil decreased from 9.06 to 7.84; (3) this method significantly increased plant biomass and microbial biomass carbon and enhanced the abundance and diversity of fungi and bacteria. The three treatments had different results in different soil properties, and the effect of the combined water-jet loom sludge and microbial agent treatment on soil remediation was significantly better than the individual application of either.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuning Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Jiu Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Yu Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Joshua Bosco Barvor
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Xintong Shao
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Zi’ao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; (C.J.); (Y.T.); (J.B.B.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
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Wang S, Wang X. Long-term biodegradation of aged saline-alkali oily sludge with the addition of bulking agents and microbial agents. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:180418. [PMID: 30473811 PMCID: PMC6227984 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Huge amount of aged oily sludge was generated during the drilling and transportation of crude oil. Sometimes, the sludge exhibited characters of combined pollution, such as saline-alkali oily sludge. Orthogonal experiments of L16(45) were conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration, microbial agents (Oil Gator and ZL) and bulking agents (peat and wheat bran) on the biodegradation of aged saline-alkali oily sludge. Compared with the control group, the significant improvement in the removal rate of TPH was exhibited with the addition of microbial agents and bulking agents after 231 days of the experimental period. Based on the values of mean range (R), it was revealed that the predominant influencing factor of the bioremediation was TPH concentration. After biostimulation and bioaugmentation, the quantity of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the oily sludge increased by 2-4 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the bioremediation improved the microbial diversity based on the analysis of PCR-DGGE. It was inferred that the addition of microbial agents and bulking agents reconstructed the microbial ecological niche. The principal component analysis indicated that the differentiation of the microbial community was generated by the biostimulation and bioaugmentation in comparison with the control samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wang
- Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
- Author for correspondence: Xiang Wang e-mail:
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Hou LM, Meng RQ, Nie LC, Qi YB. [Effects of different microbial agents on substrate enzyme activities and tomato yield and quality.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2016; 27:2520-2526. [PMID: 29733139 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201608.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chicken manure substrate (fermented chicken manure:fermented corn stalk:river sand=3:4:3) and cattle manure substrate (fermented cattle manure:fermented corn stalk:river sand=3:4:3) were used to study the effects of microbial agents ('Difulai', enzyme microorganism, EM bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and agricultural microbial agent) on substrate enzyme activities and tomato yield and quality. The results showed that the activities of urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase in both two substrates all significantly increased at 40 d and 60 d after microbial agent addition. The growth, yield and vitamin C content of tomato were higher than those of control. Among the microbial agents, 'Difulai' showed the best effect in both two substrates. Plant yield increased by 14.7% and 40.0%, tomato vitamin C content increased by 22.2% and 39.7% respectively in chicken manure and cattle manure substrate with 'Difulai' addition. Yield and vitamin C content of tomato plant in chicken manure substrate without microbial agent addition were higher than that in cattle manure substrate, while there was no significant difference in two substrates with 'Difulai' addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Mei Hou
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Qing Meng
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Lan Chun Nie
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Bin Qi
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
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Lawrence A. Lacey, Harry K. Kaya. Application and evaluation of entomopathogens for control of livestock and poultry pests. Field Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology 2007. [ DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-5933-9_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The control of livestock and poultry pests presents unique challenges. The hosts are warmblooded vertebrate animals, capable of a wide range of behaviors and movement. Range cattle and sheep in arid environments, for example, may occupy sparse grassland regions of thousands of hectares and move freely over many kilometers in search of forage. In these situations, pest management strategies must be effective and sustainable with minimal human input or supervision.
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Abstract
Molecular mimicry has been proposed as a pathogenetic mechanism for autoimmune disease, as well as a probe useful in uncovering its etiologic agents. The hypothesis is based in part on the abundant epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence of an association of infectious agents with autoimmune disease and observed cross-reactivity of immune reagents with host 'self' antigens and microbial determinants. For our purpose, molecular mimicry is defined as similar structures shared by molecules from dissimilar genes or by their protein products. Either the molecules' linear amino acid sequences or their conformational fits may be shared, even though their origins are as separate as, for example, a virus and a normal host self determinant. An immune response against the determinant shared by the host and virus can evoke a tissue-specific immune response that is presumably capable of eliciting cell and tissue destruction. The probable mechanism is generation of cytotoxic cross-reactive effector lymphocytes or antibodies that recognize specific determinants on target cells. The induction of cross-reactivity does not require a replicating agent, and immune-mediated injury can occur after the immunogen has been removed a hit-and-run event. Hence, the viral or microbial infection that initiates the autoimmune phenomenon may not be present by the time overt disease develops. By a complementary mechanism, the microbe can induce cellular injury and release self antigens, which generate immune responses that cross-react with additional but genetically distinct self antigens. In both scenarios, analysis of the T cells or antibodies specifically engaged in the autoimmune response and disease provides a fingerprint for uncovering the initiating infectious agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Oldstone
- Viral Immunobiology Laboratory, Division of Virology, The Scripps Research Institute,Department of Neuropharmacology, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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