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Uspalenko NI, Mosentsov AA, Khmil NV, Pavlik LL, Belosludtseva NV, Khunderyakova NV, Shigaeva MI, Medvedeva VP, Malkov AE, Kitchigina VF, Mironova GD. Uridine as a Regulator of Functional and Ultrastructural Changes in the Brain of Rats in a Model of 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14304. [PMID: 37762607 PMCID: PMC10531918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a model of Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by the bilateral injection of neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into rat brain substantia nigra (SN), we showed uridine to exert a protective effect associated with activation of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium (mitoK-ATP) channel. Injection of 4 µg neurotoxin evoked a 70% decrease in the time the experimental animal spent on the rod in the RotaRod test, an increase in the amount of lipid peroxides in blood serum and cerebral-cortex mitochondria and the rate of reactive oxygen species formation, and a decrease in Ca2+ retention in mitochondria. Herewith, lymphocytes featured an increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, a cytosolic enzyme of glycolysis, without changes in succinate-dehydrogenase activity. Structural changes occurring in the SN and striatum manifested themselves in the destruction of mitochondria, degeneration of neurons and synapses, and stratification of myelin sheaths in them. Subcutaneous injections of 30 µg/kg uridine for 22 days restored the neurotoxin-induced changes in these parameters to levels close to the control. 5-Hydroxydecanoate (5 mg/kg), a specific mitoK-ATP channel inhibitor, eliminated the beneficial effect of uridine for almost all characteristics tested, indicating the involvement of the mitoK-ATP channel in the protective effect of uridine. The mechanism of the protective effect of uridine and its therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of PD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina I. Uspalenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
- Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Alexei A. Mosentsov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Natalia V. Khmil
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Lyubov L. Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
- Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Khunderyakova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
- Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Maria I. Shigaeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Vasilisa P. Medvedeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
- Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Anton E. Malkov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Valentina F. Kitchigina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
| | - Galina D. Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (N.I.U.); (A.A.M.); (N.V.K.); (L.L.P.); (N.V.B.); (N.V.K.); (M.I.S.); (V.P.M.); (A.E.M.); (V.F.K.)
- Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino 142290, Russia
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Zorov DB. A Window to the Potassium World. The Evidence of Potassium Energetics in the Mitochondria and Identity of the Mitochondrial ATP-Dependent K + Channel. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2022; 87:683-688. [PMID: 36171650 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922080016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The conclusions made in the three papers published in Function by Juhaszova et al. [Function, 3, 2022, zqab065, zqac001, zqac018], can be seen as a breakthrough in bioenergetics and mitochondrial medicine. For more than half a century, it has been believed that mitochondrial energetics is solely protonic and is based on the generation of electrochemical potential of hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane upon oxidation of respiratory substrates, resulting in the generation of ATP via reverse transport of protons through the ATP synthase complex. Juhaszova et al. demonstrated that ATP synthase transfers not only protons, but also potassium ions, with the generation of ATP. This mechanism seems logical, given the fact that in eukaryotic cells, the concentration of potassium ions is several million times higher than the concentration of protons. The transport of K+ through the ATP synthase was enhanced by the activators of mitochondrial ATP-dependent K+ channel (mK/ATP), leading to the conclusion that ATP synthase is the material essence of mK/ATP. Beside ATP generation, the transport of osmotically active K+ to the mitochondrial matrix is accompanied by water entry to the matrix, leading to an increase in the matrix volume and activation of mitochondrial respiration with the corresponding increase in the ATP synthesis, which suggests an advantage of such transport for energy production. The driving force for K+ transport into the mitochondria is the membrane potential; an excess of K+ is exported from the matrix by the hypothetical K+/H+ exchangers. Inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) plays an important role in the activation of mK/ATP by increasing the chemo-mechanical efficiency of ATP synthase, which may be a positive factor in the protective anti-ischemic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry B Zorov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
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Mosentsov AA, Rozova EV, Belosludtseva NV, Mankovskaya IN, Putiy YV, Karaban IN, Mikheeva IB, Mironova GD. Does the Operation of Mitochondrial ATP-Dependent Potassium Channels Affect the Structural Component of Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunctions in Experimental Parkinsonism? Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 170:431-435. [PMID: 33725242 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the development of oxidative stress in some pathologies can be prevented by activation of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mitoKATP). Here we studied the effect of modulation of mitoKATP on the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in the medulla oblongata and myocardium of rats with experimental parkinsonism. It is known that uridine-5'-diphosphate, activator of mitoKATP, does not penetrate the plasma membrane, but it can be synthesized in cells from exogenous uridine that is delivered into cells by special transport systems. Our results suggest that mitoKATP is involved in the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in experimental parkinsonism and prove the cardio- and neuroprotective effects of uridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mosentsov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - E V Rozova
- O. O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - N V Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - I N Mankovskaya
- O. O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Yu V Putiy
- O. O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - I N Karaban
- D. F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - I B Mikheeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
| | - G D Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia.
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Mironova GD, Rozova EV, Belosludtseva NV, Man'kovskaya IN. Dynamic Restructuring of the Myocardial Mitochondria in Response to Uridine Modulation of the Activity of Mitochondrial ATP-Dependent Potassium Channel under Conditions of Acute Hypoxic Hypoxia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:806-810. [PMID: 31020578 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of in vivo modulation of activity of mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channel (mitoKATP) by uridine on the morphofunctional state of mitochondria in rat cardiomyocytes under conditions of acute hypoxia. Preinjection of uridine to animals reduced the number of structurally modified mitochondria, but had practically no effect on their morphogenesis after hypoxia. Uridine in vivo stimulated the formation of micromitochondria and their release into the cytoplasm. The number of "maternal" mitochondria containing three and more new micromitochondria, increased as well. The use of mitoKATP blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate in parallel with uridine abolished its protective effect, as it significantly inhibited the formation of micromitochondria in rat cardiomyocytes after acute hypoxic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia.
| | - E V Rozova
- A. A. Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - N V Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia
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