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Qiu R, Li C, Zhang Y, Li X, Li C, Liu C, Zhang M, Bai J, Chen Y, Li F, Li S. Characterization of Fusarium solani associated with tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) root rot in Henan, China. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38522090 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-23-2172-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) population obtained from tobacco roots with root rot symptoms using morphological characteristics, molecular tests, and assessment of pathogenicity. Cultures isolated from roots were white to cream with sparse mycelium on PDA with colony growth of 21.5 ± 0.5 to 29.5 ± 0.5 mm after 3 days. Sporodochia were cream on carnation leaf agar (CLA) and spezieller nährstoffarmer agar (SNA), and macroconidia formed in sporodochia were 3- to 6-septate, straight to slightly curved, with wide central cells, a slightly short blunt apical cell, and a straight to almost cylindrical basal cell with a distinct foot shape, ranging in size from 20.92 to 64.37 μm × 3.91 to 6.57 μm. Microconidia formed on CLA were reniform and fusiform with 0 or 1 to occasionally 2 septa, that formed on long monophialidic conidiogenous cells, with a size range of 5.99 to 32.32 μm × 1.76 to 5.84 μm. Globose to oval chlamydospores were smooth to rough-walled, 6.5 to 13.3 ± 0.37 μm in diameter, terminal or intercalary, single or in pairs, occasionally in short chains on SNA. Molecular tests consisted of sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α), RNA polymerase II largest subunit (RPB1), and second largest subunit (RPB2) regions. All the obtained sequences revealed 98.14%~100% identity to Fusarium solani in both Fusarium ID and Fusarium MLST databases. Phylogenetic trees of the EF-1α gene and concatenated three-loci data showed that isolates from tobacco in Henan grouped in the proposed group 5, which is nested within FSSC clade 3 (FSSC 5). Twenty-seven of the 28 isolates caused a root rot of artificially inoculated tobacco seedlings, with a disease index ranging from 15.00 ± 1.67 to 91.11 ± 2.22. Cross pathogenicity tests showed that three representative isolates were virulent to six species of Solanaceae and two of Poaceae, with disease indexes ranging from 6.12 ± 0.56 to 84.44 ± 0.00, indicating that these isolates have a wide host range. The results may inform control of tobacco root rot through improved crop rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Huanyuan Road, Zhengzhou, China, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, 450002;
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Lu J, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Li R, Fu Y, Feng Z, Wu Y, Li R, Li X, Qiang J, Wu X, Gu Y, Li H. A modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model from the radiologist's perspective: improved performance in determining the surgical resectability of advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024:S0002-9378(24)00415-0. [PMID: 38432417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.02.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complete resection of all visible lesions during primary debulking surgery is associated with the most favorable prognosis in patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. An accurate preoperative assessment of resectability is pivotal for tailored management. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the potential value of a modified model that integrates the original 8 radiologic criteria of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model with imaging features of the subcapsular or diaphragm and mesenteric lesions depicted on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and growth patterns of all lesions for predicting the resectability of advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. STUDY DESIGN This study included 184 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer who underwent preoperative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging between December 2018 and May 2023 at 2 medical centers. The patient cohort was divided into 3 subsets, namely a study cohort (n=100), an internal validation cohort (n=46), and an external validation cohort (n=38). Preoperative radiologic evaluations were independently conducted by 2 radiologists using both the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model. The morphologic characteristics of the ovarian tumors depicted on magnetic resonance imaging were assessed as either mass-like or infiltrative, and transcriptomic analysis of the primary tumor samples was performed. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS In the study cohort, both the scores derived using the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.980 and 0.959, respectively; both P<.001) and modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based models (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.962 and 0.940, respectively; both P<.001) demonstrated excellent intra- and interobserver agreement. The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model (odds ratio, 1.825; 95% confidence interval, 1.390-2.395; P<.001) and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model (odds ratio, 1.776; 95% confidence interval, 1.410-2.238; P<.001) independently predicted surgical resectability. The modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model demonstrated improved predictive performance with an area under the curve of 0.867 in the study cohort and 0.806 and 0.913 in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Using the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model, patients with scores of 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, 7 to 10, and ≥11 achieved complete tumor debulking rates of 90.3%, 66.7%, 53.3%, 11.8%, and 0%, respectively. Most patients with incomplete tumor debulking had infiltrative tumors, and both the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based models yielded higher scores. The molecular differences between the 2 morphologic subtypes were identified. CONCLUSION When compared with the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model, the modified diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based model demonstrated enhanced accuracy in the preoperative prediction of resectability for advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Patients with scores of 0 to 6 were eligible for primary debulking surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuhui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated with the Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Feng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Radiology, Kunming Second People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinwei Qiang
- Department of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajia Gu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiming Li
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yang Y, Ding L, Wang T, Liao H, Tang C. Morphological Characterization of the Antenna and Scent Patch of Three Danaus Species (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae, Danainae). Insects 2024; 15:121. [PMID: 38392540 PMCID: PMC10889466 DOI: 10.3390/insects15020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The scent system of Danaus is important for the study of butterfly sexual communication and relevant investigations in biomimetics due to its involvement with mimicry. Using light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, the morphological characteristics of Danaus' antennae and scent patches of the scent system for three species, D. chrysippus, D. genutia, and D. plexippus, were investigated herein. Their apical clubs of the flagellums contain sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, and sensilla coeloconica. The scent patch scales typically have a tree-like structure in its lumen at the nano-scale. Comparisons were made between the androconial scales and the other scales in scent patches. Rank sum tests showed significant differences in scent patch scales' characteristics between the species, as well as in the ultrastructure of antennal segments between species and sexes. Spearman's correlation tests showed significant correlations between the morphological characteristics of androconial scales in scent patches. Moreover, the antennal characteristics were significantly correlated. The morphological characteristics of the females' antennae were significantly correlated with those of the males' antennae and androconial scales. However, the significance and coefficient of these correlations were inconsistent across species and sexes. This study provides fundamental morphological information that helps in understanding the pheromone recognition system of Danaus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Linyun Ding
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huaijian Liao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chufei Tang
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Song B, Chen J, Lev-Yadun S, Niu Y, Gao Y, Ma R, Armbruster WS, Sun H. Multifunctionality of angiosperm floral bracts: a review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38291834 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Floral bracts (bracteoles, cataphylls) are leaf-like organs that subtend flowers or inflorescences but are of non-floral origin; they occur in a wide diversity of species, representing multiple independent origins, and exhibit great variation in form and function. Although much attention has been paid to bracts over the past 150 years, our understanding of their adaptive significance remains remarkably incomplete. This is because most studies of bract function and evolution focus on only one or a few selective factors. It is widely recognised that bracts experience selection mediated by pollinators, particularly for enhancing pollinator attraction through strong visual, olfactory, or echo-acoustic contrast with the background and through signalling the presence of pollinator rewards, either honestly (providing rewards for pollinators), or deceptively (attraction without reward or even trapping pollinators). However, studies in recent decades have demonstrated that bract evolution is also affected by agents other than pollinators. Bracts can protect flowers, fruits, or seeds from herbivores by displaying warning signals, camouflaging conspicuous reproductive organs, or by providing physical barriers or toxic chemicals. Reviews of published studies show that bracts can also promote seed dispersal and ameliorate the effects of abiotic stressors, such as low temperature, strong ultraviolet radiation, heavy rain, drought, and/or mechanical abrasion, on reproductive organs or for the plants' pollinators. In addition, green bracts and greening of colourful bracts after pollination promote photosynthetic activity, providing substantial carbon (photosynthates) for fruit or seed development, especially late in a plant's life cycle or season, when leaves have started to senesce. A further layer of complexity derives from the fact that the agents of selection driving the evolution of bracts vary between species and even between different developmental stages within a species, and selection by one agent can be reinforced or opposed by other agents. In summary, our survey of the literature reveals that bracts are multifunctional and subject to multiple agents of selection. To understand fully the functional and evolutionary significance of bracts, it is necessary to consider multiple selection agents throughout the life of the plant, using integrative approaches to data collection and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Huannan Road, East of University Town, Chenggong New Area, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Simcha Lev-Yadun
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa at Oranim, Kiryat Tiv'on, 36006, Israel
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yongqian Gao
- Yunnan Forestry Technological College, 1 Jindian, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - W Scott Armbruster
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry I Street, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA
| | - Hang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
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Katanic B, Bjelica D, Stankovic M, Milosevic Z, Vukovic J, Mekic A. Anthropometric Characteristics and Weight Status of Early Adolescents (Aged 12-14) in Montenegro; Urban-Rural and Regional Differences. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1664. [PMID: 37892327 PMCID: PMC10605907 DOI: 10.3390/children10101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine urban-rural and regional differences in anthropometric characteristics among adolescents aged 12-14, as well as to present the prevalence of weight status. A total of 534 adolescents aged 12-14 from primary schools across Montenegro participated in this cross-sectional study (283 boys, aged 13.52 ± 0.42, body height 169.43 ± 8.89, body weight 60.54 ± 13.47; 251 girls, aged 13.51 ± 0.40, body height 165.54 ± 6.67, body weight 55.28 ± 9.27). The sample was divided by geographic region in Montenegro into northern, central, and coastal regions, and according to settlement type into urban and rural inhabitants. Anthropometric characteristics were assessed using a battery of seven variables: arm span (AS); body height (BH); body weight (BW); waist circumference (WC); hip circumference (HC); body mass index (BMI); and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). BMI was categorized based on the World Health Organization's (WHO) cut-offs. The results indicate that girls from urban areas exhibited significantly greater body height and lower BMI values compared to their rural counterparts. Similarly, boys from urban areas also demonstrated lower BMI values compared to their rural peers. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in other anthropometric characteristics between these two groups of adolescents. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc analysis, it was found that girls from central areas had significantly greater body height compared to those from northern and coastal areas. Likewise, boys from northern areas showed higher body mass and BMI values compared to those from central areas. Additionally, both boys and girls from central areas had higher values compared to those from coastal areas. Nevertheless, no significant differences were detected in other anthropometric characteristics among adolescents from these regions. This study identified significant differences in anthropometric parameters among participants based on urban-rural status and within regional divisions. However, further research encompassing a larger sub-sample and a broader array of anthropometric variables is needed to draw a more comprehensive conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borko Katanic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia;
| | - Dusko Bjelica
- Faculty for Sports and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, 81400 Niksic, Montenegro;
| | - Mima Stankovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia;
| | - Zoran Milosevic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (Z.M.); (J.V.)
| | - Jovan Vukovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (Z.M.); (J.V.)
| | - Amel Mekic
- Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
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Nikulin VY, Nikulin AY, Gontcharov AA, Bagmet VB, Abdullin SR. Oogamochlamys kurilensis sp. nov. (Chlorophyta, Volvocales) from the Soils of Iturup Island (Sakhalin Region, Russia). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3350. [PMID: 37836090 PMCID: PMC10574126 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
A strain of oogamous biflagellate green alga was isolated during a study on soil algal diversity in the Russian Far East (Sakhalin Region, Iturup Island) and examined using an integrative approach. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the SSU rDNA gene, resolved the new strain as a part of the RL clade (sensu Watanabe and Nakada) within Oogamochlamydinia (Volvocales, Chlorophyceae). The strain was similar to members of the genus Oogamochlamys (parietal and massive cup-shaped chloroplasts; two apical contractile vacuoles), but was, however, distinguished from them based on the size and shape of the mature vegetative cells, the flagellar length, the presence of only one pyrenoid in both the mature vegetative cells and the zoospores, the anterior nucleus position, and the spermatozoids' shape. Although a concept of the genus Oogamochlamys has been compromised in recent phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA sequence data and its likely affinity to anisogamous Chlamydomonas allensworthii, we described the strain from Iturup Island as Oogamochlamys kurilensis sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav Yu. Nikulin
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.A.G.); (V.B.B.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Arthur Yu. Nikulin
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (A.A.G.); (V.B.B.); (S.R.A.)
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Bagmet VB, Abdullin SR, Nikulin AY, Nikulin VY, Gontcharov AA. Luticola tenera sp. nov. (Diadesmidaceae, Naviculales)-A New Diatom from the Soil of the State Nature Reserve "Bastak" (Jewish Autonomous Region, Russia). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1937. [PMID: 37763341 PMCID: PMC10533167 DOI: 10.3390/life13091937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diatoms inhabit different aquatic and non-aquatic environments, including soils. The naviculoid genus Luticola is widespread in various habitats and accounts for 264 species that are only based on morphological and morphometric characteristics. These parameters can greatly vary during the life cycle, making the species very similar to each other and complicating their unambiguous identification. During a study on soil algal diversity in the Russian Far East (Jewish Autonomous Region), we isolated a strain of naviculoid diatom and examined it using an integrative approach (phylogenetic, morphological, ultrastructural data, and life cycle). Phylogenetic analyses, based on chloroplast rbcL gene data, showed affinity of the new strain with the genus Luticola. Our alga shares morphological features typical of the genus members but differs from them by having valves with a larger width and hook-shaped external proximal raphe ends deflected to the side opposite the stigma. It was revealed that the strain reproduces via two types of sexual reproduction-isogamy and cis-anisogamy. Based on these phenotypic traits, we described the new isolate as Luticola tenera sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shamil R. Abdullin
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, 100-Letia Vladivostoka Prospect, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (V.B.B.); (A.Y.N.); (V.Y.N.); (A.A.G.)
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Shi J, Che J, Sun X, Zeng X, Du Q, Guo Y, Wu Z, Pan D. Transcriptomic Responses to Nitrite Degradation by Limosilactobacillus fermentum RC4 and Effect of ndh Gene Overexpression on Nitrite Degradation. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:13156-13164. [PMID: 37624070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The excessive nitrite residue may increase cell damage and cancer risk. Limosilactobacillu fermentum RC4 exhibited excellent nitrite degradation ability. Herein, the molecular mechanism of nitrite degradation by L. fermentum RC4 was studied by integrating scanning electron microscopy analysis, transcriptomics, and gene overexpression. The results demonstrated that the gene profile of RC4 cultured in MRS broth with 0, 100, and 300 mg/L NaNO2 varied considerably; RC4 responded to nitrite degradation by regulating pyruvate metabolism, energy synthesis, nitrite metabolism, redox equilibrium, protein protection, and signaling. High nitrite concentrations affected the morphology of RC4 with a longer phenotype, rough and wrinkle cell and reduced cell surface hydrophobicity. Moreover, an up-regulated expression of gene ndh encoding NADH dehydrogenase, which provides electrons for nitrite reduction by catalyzing NADH, was identified when RC4 was exposed to nitrite. Overexpression of ndh in RC4 increased the nitrite degradation rate by 2-9.5% in MRS broth with 100 mg/L NaNO2. Thus, the findings of this study could be helpful for the application of L. fermentum to reduce nitrite residues and improve food safety in fermented food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jiahao Che
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xiaoqian Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Qiwei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, China
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Lee JM, Cha JE, Yoon YS, Eom AH. A Novel Acremonium Species Isolated from Air Samples in Korea. Mycobiology 2023; 51:210-215. [PMID: 37711986 PMCID: PMC10498788 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2242646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize a new fungal species, Acremonium conglutinatum, isolated from air samples collected in Wando, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions revealed its unique position within the genus Acremonium. The isolated strain displayed distinct morphological characteristics, including ellipsoid or bent-ellipsoid conidia formed in clusters on the phialides. These features differentiate the new species from closely related species within the genus. This study describes the morphological and molecular characteristics of A. conglutinatum and emphasizes its phylogenetic relationships with other Acremonium spp. The identification of this novel species contributes to our understanding of the diversity and ecological role of Acremonium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Eui Cha
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, South Korea
| | | | - Ahn-Heum Eom
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, South Korea
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Dong Y, Wang Z, Ren W, Jiang T, Hou Y, Zhang Y. Influence of Morphological Characteristics of Coarse Aggregates on Skid Resistance of Asphalt Pavement. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4926. [PMID: 37512200 PMCID: PMC10381446 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to improve the durability of skid resistance of asphalt pavement from the perspective of coarse aggregates based on on-site investigation. Firstly, the skid resistance of six representative actual roads was tested during two years by employing the Dynamic Friction Tester and the attenuation characteristics of skid resistance of different types of asphalt pavements were analyzed. Secondly, core samples were drilled onsite and coarse aggregates were extracted from the surface layer of the core samples. The morphological parameters of coarse aggregates were collected by a "backlighting photography" system and three-dimensional profilometer, and the variation rules of angularity and micro-texture of coarse aggregates were investigated. Finally, the correlation between the morphological characteristics of coarse aggregates and the pavement skid resistance was established based on the grey correlation entropy. The research results show that with the increase in service time, the attenuation rate of skid resistance of asphalt pavement gradually slows down; the angularity of coarse aggregates gradually decreases, and the micro-texture on the wearing surface gradually wears away. The grey correlation entropy between all the micro-texture indexes of coarse aggregates and dynamic friction coefficient, as well as between the roundness and skid resistance is more than 0.7, whereas the correlation between other evaluation indicators and the dynamic friction coefficient is poor, indicating that compared with the angularity of coarse aggregates, the micro-texture affects the skid resistance of actual asphalt pavement more greatly. In engineering applications, the use of coarse gradation, coarse aggregates with high roughness or high anti-wear performance can slow down the attenuation of pavement skid resistance, so that the pavement can maintain superior long-term anti-skidding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuai Dong
- China Highway Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd., No. 17 Changyungong Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, China
- Research and Development Center on Highway Pavement Maintenance Technology, CCCC, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
- Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Technologies, Materials and Equipments of Highway Construction and Maintenance, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wanyan Ren
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, No. 1 Zhanlanguan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Tianhao Jiang
- China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation, No. 4 Beifengwo Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yun Hou
- China Highway Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd., No. 17 Changyungong Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, China
- Research and Development Center on Highway Pavement Maintenance Technology, CCCC, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
- Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Technologies, Materials and Equipments of Highway Construction and Maintenance, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- China Highway Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd., No. 17 Changyungong Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, China
- Research and Development Center on Highway Pavement Maintenance Technology, CCCC, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
- Research and Development Center of Transport Industry of Technologies, Materials and Equipments of Highway Construction and Maintenance, No. 116 Zizhuyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
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Zhang M, Forte-Perri V, Sun W, Tang L, Huang S, Guo T, Chen X, Li Q. Identification and Observation of Infection Processes of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Persimmon Anthracnose in Guangxi, China. Plant Dis 2023:PDIS06221372SR. [PMID: 36350725 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-22-1372-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Persimmon originated from China where it has a long cultivation history. Anthracnose fruit rot and leaf blight caused by Colletotrichum species are major diseases of persimmon in China and cause severe economic losses. To determine the species causing anthracnose of persimmon in Guilin, Guangxi Province, diseased samples were collected from the four local counties: Gongcheng, Yangshuo, Pingle, and Lipu. Seventy-five isolates were obtained from persimmon samples with anthracnose symptoms and had similar morphological characteristics. Isolates were identified using a BLAST search and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, partial actin, β-tubulin, chitin synthase genomic regions, Apn2-Mat1-2 intergenic spacer, and the partial mating type gene and calmodulin genes. Five species (C. fructicola, C. horii, C. karstii, C. cliviicola, and C. siamense) accounted for 54.7, 25.3, 12.0, 5.3, and 2.7%, respectively, of the total isolates. All five Colletotrichum species were pathogenic on attached leaves and detached fruits of persimmon (cultivar Gongcheng Yueshi) in pathogenicity assays. The infection processes of the five Colletotrichum species were observed on persimmon leaves using light microscopy. Conidia of C. fructicola germinated at 12 h post inoculation (hpi) and quickly formed acervuli at 6 days post inoculation (dpi) and were the most aggressive. By contrast, conidia of C. cliviicola germinated at 3 hpi but produced the acervuli at 8 dpi and were the least aggressive. This is the first description of C. fructicola, C. cliviicola, and C. siamense as causal agents of persimmon anthracnose in Guangxi Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Vivian Forte-Perri
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Lihua Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Suiping Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Tangxun Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Qili Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China
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Zhang S, Gao Z, Chen H, Pi S, Wu C, He K, Chen X. Effects of morphological characteristics of patent foramen ovale by transesophageal echocardiography on minimalist transcatheter closure in southern China. Echocardiography 2023. [PMID: 37256788 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transcatheter closure has become one of the main treatment methods for patent foramen ovale (PFO). However, the population in southern China is generally thin and the size of PFO is small, so the application of minimalist surgery is challenging. This study aimed to analyze the morphological characteristics of PFOs in southern China by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and to explore the influence on minimalist transcatheter closure. METHODS About 110 patients with PFO closure in our hospital were selected. All cases were examined by TEE including the PFO size, length, septum secundum thickness, color characteristic and surrounding structures, and morphologically classified. During the operation, the procedure time, number of times for the guidewire attempting to pass the interatrial septum and the success rate of simply using J guidewire to cross the interatrial septum were recorded. RESULTS About 110 cases of PFO were classified into two categories and four subtypes, including 55 cases with Uniform Channel Type (UCT, 50.0%), 16 cases with Irregular Channel Type (ICT, 14.6%), 15 cases with Right Funnel Type (RFT, 13.6%), and 24 cases with Left Funnel Type (LFT, 21.8%). According to the complexity of the procedure, they were divided into simple procedure (n = 73) and complex procedure (n = 37). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the anatomical types of PFO, the tunnel entrance size, and the tunnel entrance size <2 mm were independent factors affecting the complexity of procedure [OR = 2.819, 95% CI (1.124, 7.066), p = .027; OR = .027, 95% CI (.004, .208), p = .001; OR = 4.715, 95% CI (1.028, 21.619), p = .046]. With ICT and LFT groups, the procedure duration was relatively long (p < .001), number of times for the guidewire attempting to pass the interatrial septum was significantly increased (p < .001), and the success rate of simply using J guidewire to cross the interatrial septum was relatively low (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The PFO size in southern China was relatively small and characterized by large tunnel tension. It was concluded that TEE could clearly show the morphological characteristics of PFO, which could provide guidance for making more reasonable surgical plans in clinical practice, shorten the procedure time and improve the success rate of PFO closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ziqing Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Songying Pi
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chaoqun Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Kunyan He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Hu L, Li Y, Chen M, Zhai M, Mo Z, Xuan J. Stem rot on Adenia globosa caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae in Jiangsu. Plant Dis 2023. [PMID: 37157099 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-23-0505-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Adenia globosa, as an excellent indoor ornamental plant, is planted in Tropical Botanical Museum, Nanjing Zhongshan Botanical Garden, Jiangsu Province, China. In September 2022, a new stem basal rot disease was observed on A. globosa seedlings, being planted here. Stem basal rot were observed on approximately 80% of A. globosa seedlings. The basal stem of cutting seedlings appeared decayed, and stem tip eventually turned dry due to water loss (Figure S1A). To isolate the pathogen, three diseased stems were collected from three cuttings planted in different pots of the Tropical Botanical Museum. The stem sections (3 to 4 mm) were excised from the margins between healthy and diseased tissues, surface sterilized in 75% ethanol for 30 s and 1.5% NaClO for 90 s, rinsed three times in sterilized distilled water, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25℃ in the dark. Pure cultures were obtained by monosporic isolation. Eight isolates were obtained, and all identified as Lasiodiplodia sp.. The colonies morphology of cultures, growing on PDA were cotton-like, the primary mycelia were black gray after 7 days, and the reverse sides of PDA plates were similar to front sides in color (Figure S1B). A representative isolate, QXM1-2 was selected for the further study. Conidia of QXM1-2 were oval or elliptic, with a mean size of 11.6 µm×6.6 µm (n=35). The conidia are colorless and transparent in the early stage, and become dark brown with one-septum in the later stage (Figure S1C). The conidiophores produced conidia after nearly four weeks of cultivation on PDA plate (Figure S1D). The conidiophore was a transparent cylindrical structure, with a size of (6.4-18.2) µm × (2.3-4.5) µm ( n = 35). These characteristics were consistent with the description of Lasiodiplodia sp. (Alves et al. 2008). The internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1α) and β-tubulin (TUB) genes (GenBank Accession No.OP905639, No.OP921005, and No.OP921006, respectively) were amplified and sequenced with the primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Alves et al. 2008) and Bt2a/Bt2b (Glass and Donaldson 1995), respectively. They had 99.8-100% homology to the ITS (504/505 bp) of Lasiodiplodia theobromae strain NH-1 (MK696029), TEF1α (316/316 bp) of strain PaP-3 (MN840491), and TUB (459/459 bp) of isolate J4-1 (MN172230). A neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was generated by combining all sequenced loci in MEGA7. The isolate QXM1-2 clustered in the L. theobromae clade with 100% bootstrap support (Figure S2). To test pathogenicity, three A. globosa cutting seedlings that previously had been wounded with a sterile needle were inoculated with 20 μL conidia suspension (1×106 conidia/mL) on the stem base. The seedlings inoculated with 20 µL sterile water was used as the control. All plants were covered with clear polyethylene bags to keep moisture in a greenhouse (25℃, 80% relative humidity). The experiment was repeated three times. After 7 days post-inoculation, typical stem rot were found on the treated cutting seedlings and the control seedlings did not have any symptoms (Figure S1E-F). The same fungus, identified by morphological characteristics and sequencing using ITS, TEF1α and TUB genes, was isolated from the diseased tissues of the inoculated stems to complete Koch's postulates. This pathogen has been reported infecting the branch of castor bean (Tang et al. 2021) and root of Citrus (Al-Sadi et al. 2014). For our knowledge, this is the first report of L. theobromae infecting A. globosa in China. This study provides an important reference for the biology, epidemiology of L. theobromae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiao Hu
- No. 1, qianhuhou village, Xuanwu DistrictNanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210014;
| | - Yang Li
- No. 1, qianhuhou village, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing, China, 210014;
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Jiang R, Li Y, Huang L, Liu S, Liu H, Feng X, Long H, Hu X, Ge J, Bian Y, Li X, Shao B, Huang W, Kong L, Xu C, Peng H, Peng D. Association of Globodera rostochiensis (Nematoda) with Stunted and Chlorotic Potato Plants in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces in China. Plant Dis 2023; 107:1027-1034. [PMID: 36096101 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-21-2231-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
On a global basis, potato cyst nematodes (Globodera spp. Skarbilovich 1959 [Behrens 1975]) are one of the most serious soilborne pathogens in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production. In 2019 to 2020, 188 soil samples were taken from rhizosphere soil associated with the roots of stunted and chlorotic potato plants in the main potato-growing areas of Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces of China. Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber 1923 (Skarbilovich 1959) was recovered from 112 of the samples. Nematode identification was as confirmed by morphometric, light microscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular methodologies. Population densities of G. rostochiensis ranged from 47.0 to 69.0 eggs/g of soil. A BLASTn homology search program was used to compare the sequences of populations of G. rostrochienses from Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces with populations of other Heteroderinae spp. and populations of G. rostochiensis from other nations. Although potato has been grown in China for at least 400 years and the nation produces more potato than any other country, potato cyst nematodes were not reported in China until 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yunqing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Liqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- The National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Feng
- The National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Long
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, P.R. China
| | - Xianqi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Institute of Plant Quarantine of Chinese Academy, Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, P.R. China
| | - Yong Bian
- Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, P.R. China
| | - Baolin Shao
- Technical Center of Chengdu Customs, Chengdu 610095, P.R. China
| | - Wenkun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Lin'an Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Chong Xu
- Zhaotong Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Zhaotong 657000, Yunnan Province, P.R. China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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Filimon A, Onofrei MD, Bargan A, Stoica I, Dunca S. Bioactive Materials Based on Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Silver Nanoparticles: Structural-Morphological Characterization and Antimicrobial Testing. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071625. [PMID: 37050239 PMCID: PMC10096613 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The progress achieved in recent years in the biomedical field justifies the objective evaluation of new techniques and materials obtained by using silver in different forms as metallic silver, silver salts, and nanoparticles. Thus, the antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) confers to newly obtained materials characteristics that make them ideal candidates in a wide spectrum of applications. In the present study, the use of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) in the new formulation, by embedding AgNPs with antibacterial activity, using poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as a stabilizing agent was investigated. AgNPs were incorporated in HPMC solutions, by thermal reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles, using PVP as a stabilizer; a technique that ensures the efficiency and selectivity of the obtained materials. The rheological properties, morphology, in vitro antimicrobial activity, and stability/catching of Ag nanoparticles in resulting HPMC/PVP-AgNPs materials were evaluated. The obtained rheological parameters highlight the multifunctional roles of PVP, focusing on the stabilizing effect of new formulations but also the optimization of some properties of the studied materials. The silver amount was quantified using the spectroscopy techniques (energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)), while formation of the AgNPs was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Also, the morphological examination (Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)) by means of the texture roughness parameters has evidenced favorable characteristics for targeted applications. Antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and was found to be substantially improved was silver was added in the studied systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Filimon
- Polycondensation and Thermostable Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Dorina Onofrei
- Polycondensation and Thermostable Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bargan
- Inorganic Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Stoica
- Atomic Force Microscopy Laboratory, Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Simona Dunca
- Department of Microbiology, Biology Faculty, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I Bvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
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Chen W, Liu H, Chen B, Chen J, Wang M, Shen Z, Li Y, Mao J, Zhang L. Quality assessment of Telenomus remus successively reared on Spodoptera litura eggs for 30 generations. Pest Manag Sci 2023. [PMID: 36947672 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telenomus remus (Nixon) is a dominant natural enemy controlling the invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Continuous rearing of egg parasitoids on alternative hosts is crucial for mass production and cost reduction. However, to ensure the effectiveness of natural enemy products against target pests in the field, it is necessary to evaluate the parasitoid quality during the mass-rearing process. Despite the successful rearing of this parasitoid on the alternative host Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) eggs, less attention has been paid to the quality of parasitoids continuously reared for multiple generations. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of T. remus reared on S. litura eggs for 30 generations via morphological characteristics, flight ability, and life table analysis. RESULTS Wing length, wing width, body length, and right hind tibia length of T. remus did not differ among the different generations. However, the body length of female parasitoids was significantly longer than that of males for any generation. Although the proportion of 'flyers' and 'deformed' T. remus varied among generations, the flight ability did not decline significantly after rearing on S. litura eggs. Moreover, T. remus continuously reared on S. litura eggs maintained stable parasitism performance and life table parameters on the target host S. frugiperda eggs. CONCLUSION S. litura eggs are suitable hosts for the mass-rearing of T. remus. This study can be subsequently used to guide the production and facilitate the application of T. remus in the control of S. frugiperda. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemy Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wang F, Lin X, Lin C, Huang G, Li M, Zhu L. Ability of three-dimensional 3-Tesla ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging to display the morphological characteristics of pulmonary nodules: a sensitivity analysis. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:1792-1801. [PMID: 36915311 PMCID: PMC10006142 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Radiation-free lung cancer screening will reduce/eliminate radiation exposure in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with lung cancer. Methods This was a prospective study. The participants were recruited using convenience sampling. A total of 36 patients with pulmonary nodules [patients with single or multiple pulmonary nodules >4 and <30 mm on their pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scans] who were admitted to Fudan University Zhongshan Hospital's Xiamen branch were enrolled; they underwent a CT scan and a free-breathing ultrashort time-of-echo (UTE) sequence scan using a 3-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The CT examinations were regarded as the reference standard. Patients had an interval time of <3 days between their CT and MRI examinations. Two reviewers with more than 10 years' experience in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules identified the numbers and morphological features of the pulmonary nodules. Results Among the 36 patients, 46 nodules were detected on CT images, 45 of which were also detected on UTE images (a detection rate of 97.6%). The detection rate for lobulation using UTE-MRI was 96.9%; however, the difference compared with the rate for the CT images was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In terms of confounding lesions (confounding lesions indicate that the patient has malignant tumours, benign nodules or inoperable nodules), the UTE-MRI method had a higher detection rate than the CT method, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The probability of malignant lesions was found to be higher in confounding lesions than in homogeneous lesions. In terms of pleural traction, the UTE-MRI method demonstrated a higher detection rate (120%) than the CT method, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In terms of spiculation, the UTE-MRI method demonstrated a lower detection rate (81.8%) than the CT method, although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions Overall, 3-T UTE-MRI imaging has a high detection rate for pulmonary nodules >4 mm and is similar to that of conventional CT imaging. The method can be used for radiation-free lung cancer screening and follow-up examinations to reduce/eliminate both repeat CT examinations and radiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chong Lin
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liuhong Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
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Qi Y, Sun B, Wang H, Zhang Y, Gao G, Zhang P, Zheng X. Quantitative Measurement of Morphological Characteristics of PTFE Composite Transfer Films Based on Computer Graphics. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1688. [PMID: 36837317 PMCID: PMC9966551 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites filled with Nano-ZrO2 and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) particles were tested for sliding friction against a counterpart metal (ASTM 1045 steel) using a linear reciprocating friction and wear experimental machine. Data on tribological performance and optical images of the transfer film were obtained at various friction stages for the material. MATLAB software was employed to develop quantitative analysis procedures for the morphological characteristics of the transfer film. The program enables image enhancement and morphological processing of transfer film images, then identifies, extracts, and quantifies the geometric and textural properties of the transfer film as a foundation for analyzing the variation of the characteristics and their relationship to the tribological properties of the material. The results demonstrated that the geometric, morphological, and textural characteristics of the transfer film were dynamically developing during the friction process, with noticeable differences between various friction stages and a significant impact on the tribological properties of the material. Quantitative analysis revealed a good correlation between the trends of some morphological and textural characteristics (the coverage, area, diameter, roundness, consistency, and texture entropy) of the transfer film and the wear resistance of the PTFE composite. Therefore, these morphological and textural characteristics can thus be used to quantify the transfer film quality and utilized as an indirect indicator of the tribological properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qi
- Mechanical and Electronical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bugong Sun
- Mechanical and Electronical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Mechanical and Electronical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Gui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Mechanical and Electronical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaobao Zheng
- Mechanical and Electronical Engineering College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Gunathilaka MGRSS, Senevirathna RMISK, Illappereruma SC, Keragala KARK, Hathagoda KLW, Bandara HMHN. Mucormycosis-causing fungi in humans: a meta-analysis establishing the phylogenetic relationships using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 36762526 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Mucormycosis is a severe angio-invasive fungal infection caused by mucormycetes, a group of fungi that are ubiquitous in the environment. The incidence of mucormycosis has been surging rapidly due to the global corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Gap Statement. The complete picture of the causative fungi associated with mucormycosis and their phylogenetic relationships are not well defined.Aim. This meta-analysis aimed to collate all confirmed fungal pathogens that cause mucormycosis, and assess their taxonomic relationships.Methodology. All types of articles in the PubMed database that report fungi as a cause of mucormycosis were reviewed. We summarized the fungal morphological characteristic up to the genus level. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nucleotide sequences of these fungi were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and UNITE databases whenever available, and multiple sequence analysis was conducted using Clustal W. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using mega version 7.Results. Forty-seven fungal species were identified as pathogens causing mucormycosis in humans. Thirty-two fungal species were phylogenetically grouped into three clades, and it was evident that the ITS sequences have well-conserved regions in all clades, especially from the 400th to 500th base pairs.Conclusion. The findings of this work contribute to the descriptive data for fungi that cause mucormycosis, emphasizing the need for robust phylogenetic approaches when identifying clinical isolates from infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G R S S Gunathilaka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - R M I S K Senevirathna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - S C Illappereruma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - K A R K Keragala
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - K L W Hathagoda
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Ji S, Li X, Hyde KD, Zhang K, Phillips AJL, Manawasinghe IS, Yan J. Identification and Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Cherry Leaf Spot Disease in China. Plant Dis 2023; 107:500-513. [PMID: 35815962 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-21-2538-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf spot is a common and serious disease of sweet cherry worldwide and has become a major concern in China. From 2018 to 2020, disease investigations were carried out in Beijing City, Sichuan, Shandong, and Liaoning Provinces in China, and 105 Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from diseased samples. Isolates were identified by morphological characterization coupled with multigene phylogenetic analyses based on six loci (internal transcribed spacer region, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, calmodulin, actin, chitin synthase, and β-tubulin). A total of 13 Colletotrichum species were identified, namely Colletotrichum aenigma, C. gloeosporioides, C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. temperatum, C. conoides, C. hebeiense, C. sojae, C. plurivorum, C. karsti, C. truncatum, C. incanum, and C. dematium. Among these, C. aenigma (25.7%) was the most prominent species isolated from diseased leaves, followed by C. gloeosporioides (19.0%) and C. fructicola (12.4%). Pathogenicity was tested on detached leaves of cv. 'Tieton' and 'Summit' and young seedlings of cv. 'Brooks' under greenhouse conditions. All 13 species were pathogenic to cherry leaves, and C. aenigma, C. conoides, and C. dematium showed high levels of virulence. Seedlings inoculated with the isolates developed similar symptoms to those seen in the orchards. This study provides the first reports for 11 of the 13 Colletotrichum species on sweet cherry in the world, excluding C. aenigma and C. fructicola. This is the first comprehensive study of Colletotrichum species associated with cherry leaf spot in China, and the results will provide basic knowledge to develop sustainable control measures for cherry leaf spot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yameng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Shuxian Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Kevin D Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Kaichun Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Alan J L Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciencias, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ishara S Manawasinghe
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jiye Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Long P, Zhu L, Lai H, Xu S, Dong X, Shao Y, Wang L, Cheng S, Liu G, He J, He Y. Monascus Red Pigment Liposomes: Microstructural Characteristics, Stability, and Anticancer Activity. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36765975 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Monascus red pigments (MRPs), which are a kind of natural colorant produced by Monascus spp., are widely used in the food and health supplements industry but are not very stable during processing and storage. Thus, MRPs were embedded into liposome membranes using a thin-film ultrasonic method to improve stability in this study. Monascus red pigments liposomes (MRPL) exhibited spherical unilamellar vesicles (UV) with particle size, polydispersity indexes (PDI), and zeta potential of 20-200 nm, 0.362 ± 0.023, and -42.37 ± 0.21 mV, respectively. pH, thermal, light, metal ion, storage, and in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion stability revealed that, compared with free MRPs, liposomes embedding significantly enhanced the stability of MRPs when exposed to adverse environmental conditions. Furthermore, anticancer assay suggested that MRPL exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on MKN-28 cells by damaging the integrity of cells, with the IC50 value at 0.57 mg/mL. Overall, MRPLs possess stronger stability in external environment and in vitro simulated digestion with greater anticancer activity, indicating that MRPLs have the potential for promising application in the functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.
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Narimatsu M, Sato S, Sakamoto Y. Successful cultivation of black morel, Morchella sp. in Japan. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad101. [PMID: 37804165 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
True morels (Morchella spp.) are economically important edible fungi cultivated mainly in China. Japan is one of the top importers of morels, but there are no reports on the distribution of major cultivated species. To investigate the possibility of black morel cultivation in Japan, phylogenetic analysis, mating-type analysis, and field cultivation tests were conducted using domestically collected strains. A total of 172 strains were isolated from the spores of wild ascomata collected from 15 locations. Mating-type analysis for 118 strains revealed 28 strains had only MAT1-1-1, 40 strains had only MAT1-2-1, and 48 strains had both MAT genes. Seven strains were inoculated in March 2020 at the field cultivation test site. Mycelial growth and conidial layer formation were observed within a month. Ascomata were observed in April 2021 for one of the tested strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both the observed ascomata and fruited strains were Morchella sp. Mel-21, which is one of the cultivated species in China. Moreover, no antagonism was observed in the somatic incompatibility test between strains isolated from observed ascomata and spawn strain. These results suggest that the ascomata originated in the inoculated spawn, a finding that will contribute to commercial morel cultivation in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Narimatsu
- Iwate Prefectural Forestry Technology Center, 560-11 Kemuyama, Yahaba, Iwate 028-3623, Japan
| | - Shiho Sato
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sakamoto
- Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan
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Leng Y, Tang C, He B, Pu X, Kang M, Liao Y, Tang Q, Ma F, Wang Q, Zhong D. Correlation between the spinopelvic type and morphological characteristics of lumbar facet joints in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. J Neurosurg Spine 2022; 38:425-435. [PMID: 36681952 DOI: 10.3171/2022.11.spine22979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The correlation between the spinopelvic type and morphological characteristics of lumbar facet joints in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) was investigated. METHODS One hundred forty-two patients with L4 DLS were enrolled (DLS group), and 100 patients with lumbar disc herniation without DLS were selected as the control group (i.e., non-lumbar spondylolisthesis [NL] group). Morphological parameters of L4-5 facet joints and L4-5 disc height and angle were measured on 3D reconstructed CT images; namely, the facet joint angle (FJA), pedicle-facet joint angle (PFA), facet joint tropism, and facet joint osteoarthritis (OA). The L4 slip percentage, sacral slope, and lumbar lordosis were measured on radiographs. Patients in the DLS and NL groups were divided into 4 subgroups according to Roussouly classification (types I, II, III, and IV). RESULTS In the DLS and NL groups, as the spinopelvic type changed from type II to type IV, the facet joint morphology showed a gradual sagittal orientation in the FJA, a gradual horizontal orientation in the PFA, a gradual severity in OA, and a gradual increase in the slip percentage, but changes were completely opposite from type I to type II. Additionally, compared with the NL group, the facet joint morphology in the DLS group had more horizontal orientation in PFA, more sagittal orientation in the FJA, and the facet joint tropism and OA were more severe. CONCLUSIONS Facet joint morphology was correlated with spinopelvic type in the slip segment of DLS. Facet joint morphology was part of the joint configuration in different spinopelvic types, not just the result of joint remodeling after DLS. Moreover, morphological changes of the facet joints and DLS interacted with each other. Additionally, morphological remodeling of the facet joints in DLS played an important role in spinal balance and should be taken into consideration when designing a surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yebo Leng
- Departments of1Orthopaedics.,2Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Baoqiang He
- Departments of1Orthopaedics.,2Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Min Kang
- 4Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; and
| | | | | | - Fei Ma
- Departments of1Orthopaedics
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Onjai-Uea N, Paengkoum S, Taethaisong N, Thongpea S, Sinpru B, Surakhunthod J, Meethip W, Purba RAP, Paengkoum P. Effect of Cultivar, Plant Spacing and Harvesting Age on Yield, Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Anthocyanin Composition of Purple Napier Grass. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13. [PMID: 36611622 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple Napier grass is a semi-dwarf, purple-leaved Napier grass. The purple color is anthocyanins. Anthocyanin is classified as a group of flavonoids. It has antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of plant spacing and harvesting age on the forage yield, morphological characteristics, chemical composition, and anthocyanin composition of purple Napier grass. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of plant spacing and harvesting age on the forage yield, morphological characteristics, chemical composition, and anthocyanin composition of purple Napier grass when grown on a sandy soil. The cultivars were Napier Pakchong 1 (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum cv. Pakchong 1) and purple Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum “Prince”), with plant spacings of 50 × 50, 50 × 75, and 75 × 75 cm, and the harvesting ages were 45, 60, and 75 days. The experiment was a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial layout in a randomized complete block design with four replications, for a total of 72 plots, each 5 × 5 m. The purple Napier grass had a higher number of tillers per plant than the Napier Pakchong 1 grass. The LSR value (leaf/stem ratio) was influenced by the interaction of cultivar × plant spacing × harvesting age. The purple Napier grass planted at 75 × 75 cm for 45 days had the highest LSR value. The crude protein of the purple Napier grass, the grass planted at 75 × 75 cm, and the grass for 45 days were significantly higher than the other treatments. The purple Napier grass planted at 75 × 75 cm for 45 days had the highest (p < 0.05) anthocyanin content. It was concluded that purple Napier grass planted at 75 × 75 cm for 45 days would contain the proper number of tillers per plant, LSR value, chemical composition for ruminants, and the highest anthocyanin composition.
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Kim C, Kim K, Kwon S, Kang H, Hong B, Choi W. Innovative Variation in the Morphological Characteristics of Carbon Nanowalls Grown on a Molybdenum Disulfide Interlayer. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4334. [PMID: 36500957 PMCID: PMC9735668 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon is a material with interesting properties which exists in large quantities on Earth, so many studies involving carbon have been conducted. In particular, nano-sized carbon allotropes, referred to as carbon nanomaterials, comprise the subject of various studies currently underway. The electrical, chemical, physical properties of carbon nanowalls (CNWs) are modified by parameters such as surface density, height and thickness. These characteristics have significant effects on CNWs and can be adjusted as a growth interlayer. It was confirmed that the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) interlayer synthesized in this paper by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering altered the morphological characteristics of the CNWs, including its shaped edge, pores diameter and density. We provide interesting results through FE-SEM, EDS and Raman analysis in this paper. Based on the Raman analysis, both the D-peak of carbon and the ID/IG ratio decreased. Through this study, the effect of MoS2 on the morphological characteristics of CNWs was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulsoo Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmin Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokhun Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunil Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungyou Hong
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonseok Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
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Gontcharov AA, Nikulin AY, Nikulin VY, Allaguvatova RZ, Bagmet VB, Abdullin SR. Ulosarcina terrestrica gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Ulvophycean Sarcinoid Alga from the Russian Far East. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3228. [PMID: 36501268 PMCID: PMC9737678 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Many filamentous and sarcinoid terrestrial or freshwater green algae that were previously assigned to the Chlorophyceae are members of lineages belonging to the class Ulvophyceae. One of these lineages is the Planophila-clade (Ulotrichales). Some genera in this clade share similar morphology: cell packages forming branched pseudofilaments, uniseriate or sometimes biseriate filaments, often embedded in common mucilage. During a study on soil algal diversity in the temperate monsoon climate zone in Russia (Primorsky Territory, Vladivostok), we isolated a strain of sarcinoid green alga and examined it using an integrative approach. SSU and ITS rDNA sequence data, morphological characteristics, and life cycle features differentiated this strain from closely related genera of the order Ulotrichales and led us to describe it as Ulosarcina terrestrica gen. et sp. nov.
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Yu T, Yang Q, Deng M, Cheng N, Yao K, Yang W, Ji X, Zheng H. Morphological characteristics of seed starch granules of Fagaceae in South China and their implication in paleodiet. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:977152. [PMID: 36452090 PMCID: PMC9702991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.977152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nut fruits likely played a significant role before and during the origin of agriculture; however, relatively little research conducted on the morphological characteristics and statistical comparisons of nut fruit starch granule hinders the progress of paleodietary analysis of prehistorical society. For better species identification of starch granule remaining on tools discovered at archaeological sites, it is desirable to develop a more abundant morphology database of modern nut fruit starch granules as well as the establishment of relevant identification standards. Therefore, nuts from 40 species in four genera (Quercus, Lithocarpus, Castanea, and Castanopsis) of Fagaceae were collected from South China for statistical measurement and comparative analysis. Starch granules are highly accumulated in 34 species except for 6 species, whose shapes involve oval, subcircular, drop-shaped, rounded triangle, polygonal, spherical caps, and bell-shaped types, or a combination of several types, and the average length is between 10 and 20 μm. According to research on Quercus phylogeny relationships, it was found that the species in the same infragenious section produce similar morphological characteristics of starch granules. The result was applied in the identification of starch granules extracted from stone tools from the 20 to 10 ka cultural layer of Xiaodong Rockshelter, and some starch granules can be recognized to species level, revealing that nuts from Quercus and Lithocarpus were gathered and exploited by ancient people. This expansion of modern starch presentation and comparison of nuts helps to improve the accuracy of the identification of ancient starch and deepen the understanding of plant utilization of ancient humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Human Technology R&D and Application of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of History and Archival Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Human Technology R&D and Application of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of History and Archival Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Deng
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Digital Human Technology R&D and Application of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, School of History and Archival Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Kaiping Yao
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wanshu Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xueping Ji
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Natural History Museum, Kunming, China
| | - Hongbo Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Bribane, QLD, Australia
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Lewandowski A, Piekorz Z, Sarwińska J, Siedlaczek M. Long-Term Trends in Changes in Physical and Motor Development Observed among Physiotherapy Students from Bydgoszcz in 2011-2020. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14444. [PMID: 36361336 PMCID: PMC9658467 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study is to assess the changes in somatic and motor characteristics in adolescents studying physiotherapy from 2011-2020. It was hypothesized that there was no secular trend of morphological features, its maintenance in endurance, increased sexual dimorphism and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the observed characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Young people studying at the Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz were examined. Basic somatic features, endurance and coordination were measured. WHR, BMI and dimorphism indices were calculated based on the results from 538 female and 217 male examined students. RESULTS There was a decrease in body height with an increase in body weight in relation to the values recorded in the years 2001-2010 (BMI: women D = 0.49, Z = 2.9192; men D = 0.93, Z = 3.5746; WHR women D = 0.01, Z = 2.88491; men D = 0.02, Z = 3.5746), an increase in sexual dimorphism and a significant increase in the waist circumference of women (R2 = 0.008, p (F) = 0.0353) year by year by 0.3099 cm (p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS The obtained results and the comparisons made allow us to assume that some people studying physiotherapy may have problems with meeting the standards that require physical effort.
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Harshini SS, Veeraraghavan VP, Arthanari A, Gayathri R, Kavitha S, Selvaraj J, Reshma PK, Dinesh Y. Comparative study of male and female human hair: A microscopic analysis. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:S297-S301. [PMID: 36643126 PMCID: PMC9836136 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_238_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer cuticle, middle cortex, and inner medulla make up hair, which is an epidermal outgrowth. Hair is resilient under harsh natural conditions, thus it is frequently collected at crime scenes, making human hair analysis important in the forensic sciences field. It aids in the formation of a triangle connecting a crime scene, a victim, and a culprit. The aim of this study is to observe the microscopic structure of male and female human hair. Samples of hair specimens from males and females were collected. The materials used were ethanol to degrease and a stereomicroscope to observe the structural differences between the male and female hair samples. The comparison between male and female hair is done on the grounds of color, shaft profiles, the proximal and distal ends of the hair, cuticle, and surface texture, and the other found characters. This study of comparison between male and female hair specimens revealed that the hair color at the distal end is found to be brown for females while it is completely black in that of males, and the surface texture of males is found to have some irregularities while there are no irregularities in female. This study can be concluded that the structural comparison between male and female hair specimens can be used as evidence for forensic analysis at crime scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sneha Harshini
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abirami Arthanari
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Gayathri
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Kavitha
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J. Selvaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. K. Reshma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Y. Dinesh
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Xu Y, He DM, Yang LZ, Hao G. Primulasurculosa (Primulaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China. PhytoKeys 2022; 212:29-35. [PMID: 36761304 PMCID: PMC9836474 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.212.91133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new species, Primulasurculosa, is described and illustrated. In gross morphology, it is clearly allied to section Petiolares and is most similar to P.taliensis from the group Taliensis, but is distinctive in its indumentum in the throat of the corolla tube, and the markedly stoloniferous habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaSouth China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, ChinaCenter of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - De-Ming He
- Administration of Wenshan National Natural Reserve, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture 66300, ChinaAdministration of Wenshan National Natural ReserveWenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous PrefectureChina
| | - Lin-Zhong Yang
- Administration of Wenshan National Natural Reserve, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture 66300, ChinaAdministration of Wenshan National Natural ReserveWenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous PrefectureChina
| | - Gang Hao
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, ChinaSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Hinojosa-Gómez J, San Martín-Hernández C, Osuna-Enciso T, Heredia JB, León-Félix J, Muy-Rangel MD. Agronomic Behavior of Mexican Roselle Cultivars Produced under Protected Agricultural Conditions. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2767. [PMID: 36297791 PMCID: PMC9609236 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Growth dynamics and morphological traits are used to define the characteristics of roselle cultivars Hibiscus sabdariffa. The morpho-agronomic variability of plants was evaluated, as well as the concentration of macro and micronutrients in leaves of Mexican roselle cultivars in hydroponic and greenhouse conditions. The following roselle cultivars were studied: 'Cruza Negra', 'UAN16-2', 'Criolla Huajicori', 'UAN 6 Puga', 'UAN 25-1' and '4Q4'. The relative growth rate of the crops was fitted to a positive cubic, negative quadratic and positive linear model, whereas stem diameter, fitted to a linear model, had a negative quadratic response. The foliar surface of the cultivars '4Q4', 'Cruza Negra', 'UAN16-2' and 'Criolla Huajicori' was directly related to the size of the flower, the calyx and the corolla. Nitrogen and potassium are the elements that showed the highest concentration in the cultivars Criolla Huajicori and Cruza Negra, while in the other four cultivars the highest concentrations of minerals in the leaf were nitrogen and calcium. The leaves of cultivar 4Q4 provided the greatest amount of minerals, with 83,565 mg kg-1 dry basis. Criolla Huajicori was the cultivar that exhibited the tallest height, the most productive branches and the greatest calyx number per plant; however, Cruza Negra exhibited the highest yield by having the longest calyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeny Hinojosa-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
| | | | - Tomás Osuna-Enciso
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
| | - José B. Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
| | - Josefina León-Félix
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
| | - María D. Muy-Rangel
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Coordinación Culiacán, Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5 Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
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Yan L, Song W, Yu D, Kishan Sudini H, Kang Y, Lei Y, Huai D, Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang X, Liao B. Genetic, Phenotypic, and Pathogenic Variation Among Athelia rolfsii, the Causal Agent of Peanut Stem Rot in China. Plant Dis 2022; 106:2722-2729. [PMID: 36094427 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-21-1681-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peanut stem rot caused by Athelia rolfsii is a serious soilborne disease worldwide and is becoming increasingly important in China. A total of 293 A. rolfsii isolates were collected from four representative peanut producing provinces in northern, central, and southern China. These isolates were assigned to 45 mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) through pairing testing. The MCG diversity among isolates was greater in the southern sampled provinces compared with the northern provinces. A high level of genetic variability was found among the isolates from Guangdong Province in southern China. Variations were found in mycelial growth rate and sclerotial number, size, and dry weight of isolates sampled from places in different latitudes. Size and dry weight of sclerotia were positively correlated with latitude (P < 0.01), but the number of sclerotia was negatively correlated with latitude (P < 0.01). All tester isolates were pathogenic on peanut but varied in disease index. Inter-simple sequence repeat analysis and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average clustering resulted in three distinct clusters that were associated with the geographical location of the collection sites and sclerotial traits but were not associated with virulence of these isolates. These findings imply that genetic diversity, morphological traits, and virulence among A. rolfsii isolates varied in diverse geographical regions in China, and genetic diversity and sclerotial traits might be affected by latitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Wanduo Song
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Dongyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hari Kishan Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, Telangana, India
| | - Yanping Kang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yuning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chinese Agricultural Research Science, Wuhan, 430062, China
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Xiong Q, Chen Y, Dai Q, Liu B, Liu G. Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Genus Oedogonium (Oedogoniales, Chlorophyta) from China. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2422. [PMID: 36145821 PMCID: PMC9505714 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oedogoniales comprises the three genera Oedogonium, Oedocladium, and Bulbochaete, which include more than 600 described species. The classification of Oedogoniaceae is currently based on morphology, and the complicated morphological characteristics make species identification difficult, with the limited molecular data also restricting the phylogenetic analysis. In the present study, we collected 47 Oedogonium specimens from China and sequenced 18S rDNA, ITS2, ITS (ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2), and rbcL sequences to conduct phylogenetic analyses. We selected nine morphological characteristics, most of which were considered important in traditional systematics, for comparison with the molecular phylogeny results. All the topologies based on different datasets showed similar results; Oedogonium was a paraphyletic group, and Oedocladium and Bulbochaete clustered with Oedogonium. The morphological characteristics matching the phylogenetic results showed that the types of sexual differentiation, characteristics of the oogonium (including shape, types of aperture, and ornamentation of oospore wall), division types of antheridial, and number of sperm of each antheridial, which are considered the most important morphological characteristics in traditional taxonomy of Oedogonium, did not form monophyletic lineages respectively, indicating that traditional systematics may not reflect the real phylogeny of the genus Oedogonium. In addition, a new taxonomical classification of the genus Oedogonium was presented according to the shapes of basal cells, which matched well with the phylogenetic topologies. In addition, we propose to divide the genus Oedogonium into two sections, section Globosum and section Elongatum, representing the species with spherical or sub-hemispherical basal cells and elongated basal cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiong
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yangliang Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qingyu Dai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Benwen Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Hao YL, Hu YX, Bai XX, Guo SL. [Abundances and Morphology Patterns of Microplastics Under Different Land Use Types on the Loess Plateau]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:4748-4755. [PMID: 36096615 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202112199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging pollutant to the environment, microplastics have received widespread attention worldwide. The Loess Plateau, as one of the major agricultural production areas in China, has various land use types, but how the abundance and morphological patterns of microplastics differ among soils under different land use types remains unclear. In this study, we collected soils from three different land use types:croplands, apple orchards, and landfills in the Wangdonggou Catchment. Microplastics were separated and extracted using a modified density centrifugation method, and the abundance, composition, and morphological characteristics of the soil were analyzed and characterized using a laser infrared imaging system. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in the Wangdonggou Catchment was 4715 n·kg-1, mainly composed of PET, PU, and alkyd varnish(ALK), respectively accounting for 30.39%, 29.58%, and 8.42%. More than 80% of the microplastics were fragmented, and more than 60% of the microplastics were of a size ≤ 50 μm. The average abundance of microplastics varied significantly among land use types:cropland soil (7550 n·kg-1)>apple orchard soil (3440 n·kg-1)>landfill soil (2283 n·kg-1). The average area, width, height, eccentricity, circularity, and other morphological characteristics of microplastics in apple orchard soil were significantly different from those in the cropland and landfill soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ya-Xian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Xiong Bai
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Sheng-Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Lei Y, Feng S, Yu Q, Shen G, Yuan L, Huang W. Conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma with intraglandular lymphatic dissemination shows more aggressive features. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:1311-1320. [PMID: 35863013 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the invasive capability and other clinicopathological features of conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma (CVPTC) with intraglandular lymphatic dissemination. METHODS Seventy-three conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma patients receiving total thyroidectomy were analyzed in this study. The expression of BRAF-V600E, D2-40 and CD31 in all thyroid samples was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The results were evaluated by two pathologists and were statistically analyzed. The rate of positive BRAF-V600E expression and the clinical invasiveness of CVPTC with intraglandular dissemination, multifocal non-intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC and single focus-CVPTC were evaluated. The correlation between BRAF-V600E expression, lymphatic vessel density, microvessel density and the clinicopathological characteristics of conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-five intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC, 17 multifocal non-intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC and 31 single focus-CVPTC cases were included in this study. The results showed that BRAF-V600E expression was independently correlated with intraglandular dissemination, age and pN staging (P < 0.05). The lymphatic vessel density in the intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC group was higher than that in the non-intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC group (P < 0.05). Compared with cases without intraglandular dissemination, intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC was associated with a younger age, higher lymph node metastasis rate, pN staging, the expression of BRAF-V600E and increased Capsule invasion and lymphovascular tumor thrombus (P < 0.05). During the follow-up of 30 months (median 15 months), two patients in the intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC group had cervical lymph node metastasis after the first operation. CONCLUSIONS Intraglandular dissemination-CVPTC shows more aggressive features, and intraglandular lymphatic dissemination may be a potential biological indicator of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Sha Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Qiuxiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Guihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Wenting Huang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
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Liu J, Wang R, Qian N, Li J, Zhao W, Xing J, Yang J. First Report of Pyricularia oryzae Causing Blast on Palm Grass in China. Plant Dis 2022; 107:583. [PMID: 35815958 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-22-1077-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Palm grass (Setaria palmifolia) has been used as an ornamental plant and vegetable crop (Wu, 2009; Plarre, 1995). In June 2019, 2-10 mm severe leaf lesions with gray centers and brown-yellow edges were observed on the leaves of palm grass in Liuyang city (28°43'N, 114°12'E), Hunan province, China (Fig. 1A). Disease incidence on leaves was 20 - 40%. The infected leaves were collected and disinfected with 75% alcohol for 30 sec and 1% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, followed by three rinses in sterilized ddH2O, dried on sterilized filter paper, and incubated on water agar for 48 h under continuous fluorescent light at 26℃. Then, typical pyriform and 2-septate conidia (23.97 - 30.37 × 7.42 - 9.98 μm, N = 30) appeared at the lesions (Fig. 1B). Four single-spore were captured, and then grew on oatmeal tomato agar for seven days under continuous fluorescent light at 26℃ to obtain four isolates (LY-ZY-7a, -7b, -9b and -9c) and produce conidia for inoculation tests. The colony morphology of LY-ZY-7b on OTA was gray and floccose, and the growth rate was 6.15 - 6.31 mm/d at 26 °C (Fig. 1C). Spores of LY-ZY-7b were washed off with sterilized ddH2O plus 0.025% Tween-20 to make spore suspensions. For scratch inoculation, 10 μL spore suspension (1 × 105 spores/mL) was inoculated on the wound scratched with a sterilized pin along the vein (3 mm × 3 mm) on palm grass middle leaf of 4-week-old seedlings. The inoculated leaves were sealed in a 15-cm Petri dish. For spray inoculation, 20 mL spore suspension (5 × 104 spores/mL) was made and sprayed on ten healthy palm grasses of 4-week-old seedlings. Plants used as negative controls were sprayed with sterilized ddH2O plus 0.025% Tween-20 (Liu et al. 2022; Zhang et al. 2014). After inoculation, all plants were put into transparent boxes to maintain > 95% humidity and covered with black plastic bags for one day. Then, the boxes containing the plants were placed in a growth chamber at 26°C (12 h light / 12 h darkness photoperiod). After six days, typical blast-type lesions with brown-yellow edges were visible on the leaves. Control plants did not show symptoms (Fig. 1D, 1E). Microscopical examination showed that the conidia and conidiophore recovered from the lesion of the inoculated plants have the same morphology as those recovered from natural infected tissues (Fig. 1F, 1G). The colony morphology of the pathogen isolated from the artificially inoculated tissue was consistent with that of isolate LY-ZY-7b (Fig. 1C). The spore suspension (5 × 104 spores/mL) of isolate LY-ZY-7b and one rice-infecting strain P131 (Yang et al., 2010) was made and sprayed onto 4-week-old seedlings of three rice cultivars. But unfortunately, isolate LY-ZY-7b could not cause any disease lesions on the tested rice cultivars, whereas strain P131 produced many typical blast lesions on rice leaves (Fig. 1H). Then, the fungal genetic identity of four isolates (LY-ZY-7a, -7b, -9b, and -9c) was confirmed by comparison of the sequence obtained from partial DNA of Actin (ACT), ITS, and RPB1 loci from our isolates and those previously published by Klaubauf et al. 2014. The nucleotide sequences of ACT, ITS, and RPB1 were submitted to GenBank ON228695-ON228697 (ACT), ON210978-ON210980 (ITS), ON228698-ON228701 (RPB1). A phylogenetic tree deduced from a maximum likelihood analysis based on combined ACT-ITS-RPB1 sequence data of Pyricularia showed that these four isolates (LY-ZY-7a, -7b, -9b, and -9c) clustered together on Pyricularia oryzae, with a high bootstrap support value (Fig. 2). Based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny, these four isolates were identified as P. oryzae (Klaubauf et al. 2014; Qi et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of blast disease on palm grass caused by P. oryzae in China, which will help develop disease management strategies against palm grass blast. Moreover, as a host of P. oryzae, palm grass might contribute as an inoculum source for blast diseases on cereal crops (such as rice, wheat, and barley) caused by P. oryzae in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Liu
- China Agricultural University, 34752, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, Beijing, China, 100193;
| | - Rufeng Wang
- China Agricultural University College of Plant Protection, 539443, Department of Plant Biosecurity, Beijing, China;
| | - Ning Qian
- 2 West Yuanmingyuan Roadbeijing, beijing , China, 100193;
| | - Jialing Li
- China Agricultural University College of Plant Protection, 539443, Beijing, China;
| | - Wensheng Zhao
- China Agricultural University College of Plant Protection, 539443, Department of Plant Biosecurity, Beijing, China;
| | - Junjie Xing
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, 538741, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Changsha, Hunan, China;
| | - Jun Yang
- China Agricultural University, 34752, Plant Pathology, No 2 Yuanmingyuan W Rd, Haidian Dist, Beijing, China, 100193;
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Huang X, Wu Y, Li Y, Lin H, Ma L, Su X, Zhou X. First Report of Colletotrichum fructicola Causing Anthracnose on Phoebe sheareri in China. Plant Dis 2022; 106:PDIS08211841PDN. [PMID: 34854764 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-21-1841-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Liangjin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xudong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
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Mondal S, Purohit A, Chakraborti D, Khan MR, Mukherjee A. First Report of Pratylenchus zeae on Upland Rice from Jharkhand, India. Plant Dis 2022; 106:PDIS09212053PDN. [PMID: 35544713 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-21-2053-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Mondal
- Agricultural & Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Arnab Purohit
- Agricultural & Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Dipankar Chakraborti
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700119, India
| | - Matiyar Rahaman Khan
- Division of Nematology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abhishek Mukherjee
- Agricultural & Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
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Ostrowski A, Stanula A, Swinarew A, Skaliy A, Skalski D, Wiesner W, Ambroży D, Kaganek K, Rydzik Ł, Ambroży T. Individual Determinants as the Causes of Failure in Learning to Swim with the Example of 10-Year-Old Children. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19095663. [PMID: 35565058 PMCID: PMC9100805 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present study was to identify which, and to what extent, selected individual determinants of 10-year-old children may limit the final achievement in learning to swim. In view of the above, the research hypothesis was formulated that some children, despite regular attendance at swimming classes, do not achieve the learning outcomes set in the curriculum. The reason for this may be unfavorable (compared to their peers) morphological and functional characteristics, coordination motor abilities, and problems with fear of water. Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 271 students from the third grade of elementary schools who could not swim when they entered the physical education classes at the swimming pool and then participated in at least 25 swimming lessons during the school year. After these classes, the students performed swimming tests, and their somatic and functional characteristics and coordination motor abilities were measured. Results: In 46.1% of the participants, the final achievement level was lower than assumed in the school curriculum. The biggest problem for teachers and students in the initial teaching and learning to swim was the high fear of water, especially among girls. Furthermore, children characterized by lower body height and body weight, a lower sum of three skinfolds, and lower BMI had problems with progress in swimming. Despite the differences, these values did not correlate significantly with the final achievement level in swimming, except for body height in boys. Slower progress in swimming was also associated with lower vital capacity, whereas no relationship was found between final achievement level in swimming and trunk flexibility or foot mobility. However, significant correlations occurred for coordination motor abilities, as in almost all tests the participants characterized by the achievement level below the objectives set out in the curriculum performed significantly worse than children in the group with the achievement level meeting the objectives. Conclusions: In many cases, children who begin learning to swim from scratch make significant progress, but for many of them, the achievement levels are lower than the requirements set out in the school curriculum. The biggest problem for teachers and students in the initial teaching and learning to swim was the high fear of water, especially among girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Ostrowski
- Department of Water Sports, Academy of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Stanula
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (Ł.R.)
| | - Andrzej Swinarew
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Alexander Skaliy
- Institute of Sport and Physical Culture, University of Economy, 03057 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Dariusz Skalski
- Department of Swimming and Water Rescue, Lviv State University of Physical Culture, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Faculty of Recreation, Academy of Physical Education in Wrocław, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Wiesner
- Faculty of Recreation, Academy of Physical Education in Wrocław, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dorota Ambroży
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland; (D.A.); (T.A.)
| | - Krzysztof Kaganek
- Department of Coaching and Innovation, Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Institute of Entrepreneurship and Management, University of Physical Education in Cracow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Rydzik
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland; (D.A.); (T.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (Ł.R.)
| | - Tadeusz Ambroży
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland; (D.A.); (T.A.)
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Liu ZL, Li Y, Chen XM, Jiao HZ. Study on Influence Mechanism of Short-Cut BF Dispersion Morphological Behavior on Concrete Properties Based on Meso Scale. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15082788. [PMID: 35454481 PMCID: PMC9029998 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The orientation, distribution, and contact point density of BF (basalt fiber) in the concrete matrix play significant roles in the mechanical properties of BF concrete, but represent a weak point in current research. It is meaningful to study the morphological characteristics of BF in concrete. In this study, the transparent model test and joint blocking method were innovatively adopted to investigate the correlation of dosage with the BF morphological parameters and concrete mechanical properties. A focus on a BF dosage of 0–7.5 kg/m3 and the contribution index of fibers Cf was defined. Furthermore, NMR and CT techniques were used to observe the changes in the microstructure of BF concrete. The experimental results show that the BF contribution index Cf reaches the largest value when the BF content is around 3 kg/m3, approximately 2.7; in this case, the mechanical properties of BF concrete were also optimal, and the Cf was only 2.34 when the BF content was 7.5 kg/m3. NMR and CT test results show that there is a strong correlation between the BF morphological parameters and the distribution of pore structure in the concrete matrix. The overlapping contact of BF clusters led to the penetration of pores, which led the macro-pore proportion to increase dramatically. The increase in the macro-pore proportion is the main reason for the deterioration in concrete performance. In addition, these macro-pores may have adverse effects on the chloride ion permeability of BF concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +19-816-250-035
| | - Xin-Ming Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; (X.-M.C.); (H.-Z.J.)
| | - Hua-Zhe Jiao
- School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; (X.-M.C.); (H.-Z.J.)
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Han SB, Cao YY, Zhang J, Wang J, Zhang LL, Chen YH, Ku LX, Duan CX. First Report of Fusarium cf. longipes Associated with Maize Stalk Rot in China. Plant Dis 2022; 106:1064. [PMID: 34533406 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1149-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Han
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Y Y Cao
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Biological Center, Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - L L Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Y H Chen
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - L X Ku
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key, Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - C X Duan
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Kim YS, Lee SE, Chang JM, Kim SY, Bae YK. Ultrasonographic morphological characteristics determined using a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnostic system of breast cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28621. [PMID: 35060538 PMCID: PMC8772632 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlations between ultrasonographic morphological characteristics quantitatively assessed using a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnostic system (DL-CAD) and histopathologic features of breast cancer.This retrospective study included 282 women with invasive breast cancer (<5 cm; mean age, 54.4 [range, 29-85] years) who underwent surgery between February 2016 and April 2017. The morphological characteristics of breast cancer on B-mode ultrasonography were analyzed using DL-CAD, and quantitative scores (0-1) were obtained. Associations between quantitative scores and tumor histologic type, grade, size, subtype, and lymph node status were compared.Two-hundred and thirty-six (83.7%) tumors were invasive ductal carcinoma, 18 (6.4%) invasive lobular carcinoma, and 28 (9.9%) micropapillary, apocrine, and mucinous. The mean size was 1.8 ± 1.0 (standard deviation) cm, and 108 (38.3%) cases were node positive. Irregular shape score was associated with tumor size (P < .001), lymph nodes status (P = .001), and estrogen receptor status (P = .016). Not-circumscribed margin (P < .001) and hypoechogenicity (P = .003) scores correlated with tumor size, and non-parallel orientation score correlated with histologic grade (P = .024). Luminal A tumors exhibited more irregular features (P = .048) with no parallel orientation (P = .002), whereas triple-negative breast cancer showed a rounder/more oval and parallel orientation.Quantitative morphological characteristics of breast cancers determined using DL-CAD correlated with histopathologic features and could provide useful information about breast cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Seon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Chang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Kyung Bae
- Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Liu CJ, Luo ZX, Yan Y, Lin HR, Hu GR, Yu RL. [Occurrence Characteristics of Microplastics in Mangrove Sediments in the Jiulong River Estuary and the Association with Heavy Metals]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022; 43:239-246. [PMID: 34989508 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202104162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The abundance and morphological characteristics of microplastics in the surface sediments of mangrove wetlands in the Jiulong River estuary were analyzed. The main sources of microplastics were also explored in detail. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics ranged from 640 to 1140 n·kg-1 (dry sediment), with an average of 935 n·kg-1, exhibiting a medium level compared with other domestic and abroad mangrove areas. The microscopic observation found that the microplastics were granular (39%), fragmented (31%), and fibrous (30%); the color was mainly transparent (55%); and the particle size was less than 1 mm (92%). As observed via Raman spectroscopy, the main polymer types of the microplastics were identified to be polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene, accounting for 57%, 34%, and 9%, respectively. The main sources of microplastics were the plastic waste from aquaculture nearby, urban and rural domestic or industrial wastewater in the basin, and the plastic waste transported here by the tide. Additionally, SEM-EDS results showed that the surface of the microplastics had the characteristics of depression, porosity, and tearing, and some heavy metal elements such as Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu were attached to the microplastics. Microplastics may be transferred to the sediments as carriers of heavy metals, posing a potential threat to wetland ecological security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jun Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhuan-Xi Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yu Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui-Rong Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gong-Ren Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Rui-Lian Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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Xu J, Yu X, Suwannarach N, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Li Y. Additions to Lyophyllaceae s.l. from China. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121101. [PMID: 34947083 PMCID: PMC8704695 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new species, viz. Calocybe coacta, C. fulvipes, C. vinacea and Clitolyophyllum umbilicatum, are described in northern China. Comparisons are made of macro- and micromorphological features among the new species and closely related species within the genus. The new species feature unique morphological characteristics that separate them from the previously described species. Calocybe coacta is characterized by medium- to large-sized basidiocarps, greyish cream, felty pileus and non-cellular epicutis. The key characteristics of C. fulvipes are rose-brown to greyish-brown pileus, stone-brown stipe and non-cellular epicutis. The unique morphological characteristics of C. vinacea that distinguish it from its closely related species are pastel red to dull-red pileus and stipe surface with densely white pruina. The main characteristics of Clitolyophyllum umbilicatum are deeply depressed dark orange to light-brown pileus, central stipe and subglobose-ellipsoid spores. Phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS and 28S regions indicated that the four new species are distinct and monophyletic. Full descriptions, color images, illustrations and a phylogenetic tree that show the placement of the four new species are provided. A key to the Calocybe species reported from China is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jize Xu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- Department of Protection and Utilization of Wild Animals and Plants, Faculty of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yu Li
- Faculty of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
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Zhang Y, Yu T, Ma W, Dayananda B, Iwasaki K, Li J. Morphological, Physiological and Photophysiological Responses of Critically Endangered Acer catalpifolium to Acid Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10091958. [PMID: 34579490 PMCID: PMC8470873 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acid rain deposition (AR) has long-lasting implications for the community stability and biodiversity conservation in southwest China. Acer catalpifolium is a critically endangered species in the rain zone of Western China where AR occurs frequently. To understand the effects of AR on the morphology and physiology of A. catalpifolium, we conducted an acid stress simulation experiment for 1.5 years. The morphological, physiological, and photosynthetic responses of A. catalpifolium to the acidity, composition, and deposition pattern of acid stress was observed. The results showed that simulated acid stress can promote the growth of A. catalpifolium via the soil application mode. The growth improvement of A. catalpifolium under nitric-balanced acid rain via the soil application mode was greater than that of sulfuric-dominated acid rain via the soil application mode. On the contrary, the growth of A. catalpifolium was significantly inhibited by acid stress and the inhibition increased with the acidity of acid stress applied via leaf spraying. The inhibitory impacts of nitric-balanced acid rain via the leaf spraying of A. catalpifolium were greater than that of sulfur-dominant acid rain via leaf spraying. The observations presented in this work can be utilized for considering potential population restoration plans for A. catalpifolium, as well as the forests in southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- The National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology on Characteristic Fruit Trees, College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alear 843300, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Tao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Wenbao Ma
- Ecological Restoration and Conservation of Forests and Wetlands Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Buddhi Dayananda
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Kenji Iwasaki
- Climate Change Cluster (C3), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Junqing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Resources and Ecosystem Processes, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence: (W.M.); (J.L.)
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Reis NS, Ferreira IC, Mazocco LA, Souza ACB, Pinho GAS, da Fonseca Neto ÁM, Malaquias JV, Macena FA, Muller AG, Martins CF, Balbino LC, McManus CM. Shade Modifies Behavioral and Physiological Responses of Low to Medium Production Dairy Cows at Pasture in an Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest System. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2411. [PMID: 34438867 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Under conditions of high temperature, humidity, and incidence of solar radiation, dairy cows use behavioral changes as a strategy to decrease the metabolic heat production at pasture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavioral and physiological responses of Gyr and Girolando (5/8 Holstein 3/8 Gyr, and ½ Holstein ½ Gyr) dairy cows submitted to environments with and without shade. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Cerrados (Technology Center for Dairy Zebu breeds-CTZL), Brasilia, Distrito Federal-Brazil, with 48 Gyr and Girolando cows total in the lactation group, with low to medium milk production, in full sun or shade with Eucalyptus urograndis (267 plants/ha-1). The physiological and behavioral characteristics evaluated were panting score, superficial temperature, and time spent grazing, ruminating, and lying down. Other traits included skin and coat thickness, hair diameter, density and length, and predominant coat color. In addition, body measurements, such as body length, the height of withers, chest circumference, and shin circumference, were measured. Shaded cows had 34% longer rumination times than cows in full sun (p = 0.01). With a temperature-humidity index ranging from 79 to 83, the rumination time was 1.7 times higher in cows under shade (p = 0.01) during a 24-h period of observation. There were no significant differences in the grazing time between the environments, but lying time was 23% longer in cows under the sun (p = 0.01). The panting score was not influenced by the environment (p = 0.17). Girolando cows had a 35% higher panting score than Gyr cows (p = 0.01) regardless of the environment. The panting score increased two and a half times during the afternoon compared with the morning (p = 0.01). The surface and rectal core temperatures had significant differences between treatments and time of the day. Body measurements were not different between cows in both environments, but there was a difference between breeds. The use of trees in pastures with a silvopastoral system for dairy zebu cows is indicated to improve grazing behavior, as well as time spent ruminating and lying down.
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Sarwar H, Zhao WT, Kibet CJ, Sitko J, Nie P. Morphological and complete mitogenomic characterisation of the acanthocephalan Polymorphus minutus infecting the duck Anas platyrhynchos. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2021; 68. [PMID: 34152291 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Morphological characteristics of the acanthocephalan Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782), which was collected from the duck Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus in the Czech Republic, are described. The mitochondrial (mt) genome of P. minutus was sequenced, with a total length of 14,149 bp, comprising 36 genes including 12 protein coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and two ribosomal RNA genes (rrnL and rrnS). This genome is similar to the mt genomes of other syndermatan species. All these genes were encoded on the same DNA strand and in the same orientation. The overall nucleotide composition of the P. minutus mt genome was 38.2% T, 27.3% G, 26.2% A, and 8.3% C. The amino acid sequences of 12 PCGs for mt genomes of 28 platyzoans, including P. minutus, were used for phylogenetic analysis, and the resulting topology recovers P. minutus as sister to Southwellina hispida (Van Cleave, 1925), and the two taxa form a sister clade to Centrorhynchus aluconis (Müller, 1780) and Plagiorhynchus transversus (Rudolphi, 1819), which are all species in the Palaeacanthocephala, thus supporting the monophyly of this class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Sarwar
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Caroline Jepkorir Kibet
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao, China
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Wang F, Xiao Y, Cheng XM, Huang XX. [Effects of cadmium stress on growth and cadmium enrichment of Chlorophytum comosum and Chlorophytum comosum var. variegatum.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:1835-1844. [PMID: 34042380 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202105.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We examined the growth and physiological characteristics of Chlorophytum comosum and Chlorophytum comosum var. variegatum by hydroponics at different Cd2+ concentrations (0, 20, 80, 200 μmol·L-1). The results showed that 20 μmol·L-1 Cd2+ did not affect those two varieties, with no changes of single leaf area, total leaf area, chlorophyll (Chl) a content, Chl (a+b) content, carotenoid content, Chla/Chlb value, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr) compared with the control (CK). Under the 80 μmol·L-1 Cd2+ stress, the initial fluorescence (Fo) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) were the highest for both varieties. As for Cd2+ at 200 μmol·L-1, the biomass, chlorophyll content, maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical quantum yield Y(II), the transfer factor (TF) of both varieties and all parts biomass decreased to the lowest, while peroxidase (POD), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activities of two varieties and MDA content of C. comosum var. variegatum increased in different degrees. With the increases of Cd2+ stress, the Cd content in organs of two varieties showed an increasing trend, with higher Cd accumulation in roots. C. comosum had higher Cd content and bioconcentration factor (BCF) in all organs than C. comosum var. variegatum. It suggested that two varieties had the ability to resist Cd stress. The tolerance of C. comosum was stronger, and thus could be considered as a green plant to remediate Cd contaminated water or soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University/Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University/Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiao-Mao Cheng
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University/Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University/Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China
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Moradpour M, Abdullah SNA, Namasivayam P. The Impact of Heat Stress on Morpho-Physiological Response and Expression of Specific Genes in the Heat Stress-Responsive Transcriptional Regulatory Network in Brassica oleracea. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1064. [PMID: 34073267 PMCID: PMC8230129 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of heat-tolerant/sensitive cultivars based on morpho-physiological indicators and an understanding of the action and interaction of different genes in the molecular network are critical for genetic improvement. To screen these indicators, the physiological performance of two different varieties of white and red cabbages (B. oleracea var. capitate f. alba and f. rubra, respectively) under heat stress (HS) and non-stress (NS) was evaluated. Cultivars that showed considerable cell membrane thermostability and less reduction in chlorophyll content with better head formation were categorized as the heat-tolerant cultivars (HTC), while those with reduction in stomatal conductance, higher reduction incurred in chlorophyll and damage to thylakoid membranes are categorized as the heat-sensitive cultivars (HSC). Expression profiling of key genes in the HS response network, including BoHSP70 (HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70), BoSCL13 (SCARECROW-LIKE 13) and BoDPB3-1 (transcriptional regulator DNA POLYMERASE II SUBUNIT B3-1 (DPB3-1))/NUCLEAR FACTOR Y SUBUNIT C10 (NF-YC10), were evaluated in all cultivars under HS compared to NS plants, which showed their potential as molecular indicators to differentiate HTC from HSC. Based on the results, the morphophysiological and molecular indicators are applicable to cabbage cultivars for differentiating HTC from HSC, and potential target genes for genome editing were identified for enhancing food security in the warmer regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moradpour
- Laboratory of Agronomy and Sustainable Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Nor Akmar Abdullah
- Laboratory of Agronomy and Sustainable Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Parameswari Namasivayam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Irais CM, Claudia BR, David PE, Ashutosh S, Rubén GG, Agustina RM, Del Carmen VMM, Mario-Alberto RG, Luis-Benjamín SG. Leaf and Fruit Methanolic Extracts of Azadirachta indica Exhibit Antifertility Activity on Rats' Sperm Quality and Testicular Histology. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:400-407. [PMID: 32744965 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200730145621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The world's population is still growing, having an impact on the environment and the economic growth of developing countries; so that, there is a particular interest in the development of new fertility control methods, focused on male contraception. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extracts of leaf and fruit of Azadirachta indica on sperm quality and testicular histology of Long Evans rats. METHODS Antifertility effects of a methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of A. indica on 24 male rats were investigated. The animals were randomly divided into two control groups and four treatment groups (n=4). Doses of the leaf and fruit extract were given at concentrations of 100 and 200 μg mL-1. RESULTS A significant decrease in the viability of sperm cells was observed. The leaf extract at a concentration of 200 μg mL-1 inhibited cell viability compared to the negative control (p< 0.001). The percentage of abnormal cells in leaf extract was shown in 100 and 200 μg mL-1, the conditions at which a higher percentage of morphological irregularities of observed (15% and 16% respectively). The results show that there was cellular detachment in the seminiferous epithelium in the experimental groups treated with methanolic extracts. Sperm death was observed without decreasing the number of sperm. CONCLUSION The methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica have a modulating effect on the spermatogenesis of experimental rats through sperm morphological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Castillo-Maldonado Irais
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Borjón-Ríos Claudia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Pedroza-Escobar David
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Sharma Ashutosh
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centre of Bioengineering, Campus Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - García-Garza Rubén
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Ramírez-Moreno Agustina
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | | | - Rivera-Guillén Mario-Alberto
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
| | - Serrano-Gallardo Luis-Benjamín
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila Unidad Torreon, Torreon, Mexico
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