1
|
Gardner BR, Bachmann NL, Polkinghorne A, Hufschmid J, Tadepalli M, Marenda M, Graves S, Arnould JPY, Stenos J. A Novel Marine Mammal Coxiella burnetii-Genome Sequencing Identifies a New Genotype with Potential Virulence. Pathogens 2023; 12:893. [PMID: 37513739 PMCID: PMC10386718 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii has been identified in a few species of marine mammals, some of which are showing population declines. It has been hypothesized that C. burnetii in marine mammals is a distinct genotype that varies significantly from the typical terrestrial genotypes. It appears to lack an IS1111. Isolates originating from Australian marine animals have a distinctly non-Australian profile of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). Extracted Coxiella DNA of Australian fur seal placental origin was sequenced using the Novaseq platform. Illumina 150 bp paired-end reads were filtered and trimmed with Trimgalore. The microbial community present in the sequenced genome was evaluated with Kraken and Bracken software using the NCBI database. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using 1131 core genes. Core genes were identified using Panaroo and inputted into Iqtree to determine the maximum-likelihood tree. A second phylogenetic tree was created using Rickettsiella grylii and using seven housekeeping genes. Results were compared with the C. burnetii Nine Mile RSA439 virulent genome. This new Australian marine mammal isolate of Coxiella (PG457) appears to be a novel genotype that lacks IS1111 and has a distinct MLVA signature (ms26, ms27, ms28, ms30, and ms31). The presence of genes for multiple virulence factors appears to give this genotype sufficient pathogenicity for it to be considered a possible causative agent of abortion in Australian fur seals as well as a potential zoonotic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett R Gardner
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | | | | | - Jasmin Hufschmid
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Mythili Tadepalli
- Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Marc Marenda
- Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Stephen Graves
- Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - John P Y Arnould
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - John Stenos
- Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Noori Goodarzi N, Pourmand MR, Arfaatabar M, Azimi G, Masoorian E, Rahimi Foroushani A, Aminharati F, Heidarzadeh S, Baghani A. First Detection and Characterization of Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae from People with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 26:245-250. [PMID: 31545147 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Increasing macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae strains is becoming a public health concern worldwide. Nevertheless, no comprehensive genomic background of circulating isolates is available in our region. We aimed to study the genetic diversity of this microorganism using the multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis method and to investigate the relationships between MLVA types and macrolide susceptibility profiles of the isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 270 patients attending Tehran general university hospitals were included in this study. One throat swab was taken from each patient. M. pneumoniae was identified using culture and PCR assay. Macrolide resistance was determined using the broth microdilution method. The MLVA was performed by amplification of four variable-number tandem-repeat loci. Results: Of 270 specimens, M. pneumoniae was detected in 25.2% (n = 68) and 21.8% (n = 59) samples using PCR and culture, respectively. Approximately 56.9% of isolates were resistant to macrolides. Fifty-one of 59 M. pneumoniae isolates were divided into 6 distinct MLVA types. Conclusion: The macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) rate in this study was relatively high and most of the MRMP isolates were assigned into the type 4/5/7/2. Since a significant association between MLVA type 4/5/7/2 and macrolide resistance of M. pneumoniae isolates was observed, further monitoring of genetic diversity of MRMP isolates might facilitate better understanding of epidemiology of this microorganism. Besides surveillance of the antibiotic susceptibility might be helpful to make necessary reconsiderations on guidelines for treatment of M. pneumoniae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Noori Goodarzi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourmand
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Arfaatabar
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Masoorian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi Foroushani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Aminharati
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Heidarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Akram Baghani
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|