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Lee JO, Park H, Du J, Balakrishna A, Chen O, Sretavan D, Choo H. A microscale optical implant for continuous in vivo monitoring of intraocular pressure. Microsyst Nanoeng 2017; 3:17057. [PMID: 31057882 PMCID: PMC6445001 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2017.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a key clinical parameter in glaucoma management. However, despite the potential utility of daily measurements of IOP in the context of disease management, the necessary tools are currently lacking, and IOP is typically measured only a few times a year. Here we report on a microscale implantable sensor that could provide convenient, accurate, on-demand IOP monitoring in the home environment. When excited by broadband near-infrared (NIR) light from a tungsten bulb, the sensor's optical cavity reflects a pressure-dependent resonance signature that can be converted to IOP. NIR light is minimally absorbed by tissue and is not perceived visually. The sensor's nanodot-enhanced cavity allows for a 3-5 cm readout distance with an average accuracy of 0.29 mm Hg over the range of 0-40 mm Hg. Sensors were mounted onto intraocular lenses or silicone haptics and secured inside the anterior chamber in New Zealand white rabbits. Implanted sensors provided continuous in vivo tracking of short-term transient IOP elevations and provided continuous measurements of IOP for up to 4.5 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Oen Lee
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
| | - Haeri Park
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ashwin Balakrishna
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
| | - Oliver Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
| | - David Sretavan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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| | - Hyuck Choo
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
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