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Karmezi M, Krigas N, Papatheodorou EM, Argyropoulou MD. The Invasion of Alien Populations of Solanum elaeagnifolium in Two Mediterranean Habitats Modifies the Soil Communities in Different Ways. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112193. [PMID: 37299172 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore how the invasion of the alien plant Solanum elaeagnifolium affects soil microbial and nematode communities in Mediterranean pines (Pinus brutia) and maquis (Quercus coccifera). In each habitat, we studied soil communities from the undisturbed core of both formations and from their disturbed peripheral areas that were either invaded or not by S. elaeagnifolium. Most studied variables were affected by habitat type, while the effect of S. elaeagnifolium was different in each habitat. Compared to maquis, the soil in pines had higher silt content and lower sand content and higher water content and organic content, supporting a much larger microbial biomass (PLFA) and an abundance of microbivorous nematodes. The invasion of S. elaeagnifolium in pines had a negative effect on organic content and microbial biomass, which was reflected in most bacterivorous and fungivorous nematode genera. Herbivores were not affected. In contrast, in maquis, organic content and microbial biomass responded positively to invasion, raising the few genera of enrichment opportunists and the Enrichment Index. Most microbivores were not affected, while herbivores, mostly Paratylenchus, increased. The plants colonizing the peripheral areas in maquis probably offered a qualitative food source to microbes and root herbivores, which in pines was not sufficient to affect the much larger microbial biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karmezi
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikos Krigas
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efimia M Papatheodorou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria D Argyropoulou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Shi G, Luan L, Zhu G, Zeng Z, Zheng J, Shi Y, Sun B, Jiang Y. Interaction between nematodes and bacteria enhances soil carbon sequestration under organic material amendments. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1155088. [PMID: 37250034 PMCID: PMC10213412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1155088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of carbon (C) sequestration plays an important role in soil fertility and productivity, yet most studies have focused on the individual role of the bacterial community. However, an in-depth mechanistic understanding of how soil nematodes interact with the bacterial community to regulate soil C accumulation is still lacking. We conducted a 10-year field experiment to explore the nematode and bacterial communities and determine the influence of nematode-bacteria interactions on C mineralization, microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2), and carbon use efficiency (CUE) under the organic material amendments, including chemical fertilizers with straw (NS), chemical fertilizers with straw and pig manure (NSM), and chemical fertilizer with straw biochar (NB). Here, our results showed the abundance of bacterial and nematode communities was significantly higher under NS, NSM, and NB treatments than under chemical fertilizers (N) treatment, with the highest abundance under the NSM treatment. The enrichment index and functional dispersion index were significantly higher under NSM treatment than under N, NS, and NB treatments, while the channel index followed the opposite pattern. Structural equation modeling indicated that the potential predation pressure induced by nematodes may improve bacterial abundance, with positive cascading effects on C sequestration. Collectively, our study highlights the functional importance of nematode-microorganism interactions in mediating C dynamics under organic material amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
| | - Guofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, China
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Argyropoulou MD, Karmezi M, Tsiafouli M, Chalkos D, Bountla A, Vokou D. Soil Amendments with Spearmint, Peppermint and Rosemary Enhance the Community of Free-Living Nematodes and Improve Soil Quality, While Having Strikingly Different Effects on Plant Growth. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1121. [PMID: 35892923 DOI: 10.3390/life12081121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable farming practices aim to replace agrochemicals with plant-based alternatives to increase productivity and soil quality. To evaluate the potential use of aromatic plants as soil amendments in tomato seedbeds, in a greenhouse experiment, we used spearmint, peppermint, and rosemary, separately, as soil amendments, in pots sown with tomato, and studied their effect on seedling growth, soil nutrients, and the soil nematode community in terms of trophic and functional structure, metabolic footprint, and genera composition. Non-amended soil was used in the control pots. We further explored the dynamics of the plant–soil–nematode interactions by using aromatic plants at different stages of decomposition (0, 28, and 56 days). Incorporating aromatic plants into the soil led to the proliferation of free-living nematodes, especially of the opportunistic kind, resulting in vigorous and enriched soil. This was more pronounced in the case of the spearmint and peppermint, which also increased the tomato growth. The high soil nutritional status and enhanced plant growth were most prominent when the aromatic plants were left for 28 days to decompose in the soil before sowing. Compared with the mint plants, the rosemary had similar, yet less intense, effects on the soil community, but completely inhibited the growth of the tomato seedlings. Therefore, it is not recommended for use as a soil amendment in tomato seedbeds.
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