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Roszkowska AM, Rusciano D, Inferrera L, Severo AA, Aragona P. Oral Aminoacids Supplementation Improves Corneal Reinnervation After Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Confocal-Based Investigation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680734. [PMID: 34385916 PMCID: PMC8353515 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of this retrospective study was to estimate the effect of oral supplementation with amino acids (AA) on corneal nerves regrowth after excimer laser refractive surgery with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Based on the pre and post-surgical treatment received, 40 patients with 12 months of follow-up were distributed in two groups: 20 patients had received oral AA supplementation 7 days before and 30 days after PRK, and 20 patients without AA supplementation, as untreated reference control. All patients followed the same standard post-operative topical therapy consisting of an association of antibiotic and steroid plus sodium hyaluronate during the first week, then steroid alone progressively decreasing during 30 days and sodium hyaluronate for the following 3 months. In vivo corneal confocal microscopy was used to evaluate the presence of sub-basal corneal nerve fibers during 12 months after PRK. Results have shown that sub-basal nerves regenerated significantly faster (p <0.05), and nerve fibers density was significantly higher (p <0.05) with a more regular pattern in the eyes of AA treated patients with respect to the untreated control group. Therefore, our data indicate that oral supplementation with AA improved significantly corneal nerve restoration after PRK and could thus be considered as an additional treatment during corneal surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Roszkowska
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Leandro Inferrera
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alice Antonella Severo
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pasquale Aragona
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Wan Q, Qin W, Ma Y, Shen M, Li J, Zhang Z, Chen J, Tay FR, Niu L, Jiao K. Crosstalk between Bone and Nerves within Bone. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2003390. [PMID: 33854888 PMCID: PMC8025013 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
For the past two decades, the function of intrabony nerves on bone has been a subject of intense research, while the function of bone on intrabony nerves is still hidden in the corner. In the present review, the possible crosstalk between bone and intrabony peripheral nerves will be comprehensively analyzed. Peripheral nerves participate in bone development and repair via a host of signals generated through the secretion of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, axon guidance factors and neurotrophins, with additional contribution from nerve-resident cells. In return, bone contributes to this microenvironmental rendezvous by housing the nerves within its internal milieu to provide mechanical support and a protective shelf. A large ensemble of chemical, mechanical, and electrical cues works in harmony with bone marrow stromal cells in the regulation of intrabony nerves. The crosstalk between bone and nerves is not limited to the physiological state, but also involved in various bone diseases including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, heterotopic ossification, psychological stress-related bone abnormalities, and bone related tumors. This crosstalk may be harnessed in the design of tissue engineering scaffolds for repair of bone defects or be targeted for treatment of diseases related to bone and peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian‐Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Wen‐Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Yu‐Xuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Min‐Juan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Zi‐Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Ji‐Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- College of Graduate StudiesAugusta UniversityAugustaGA30912USA
| | - Li‐Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of StomatologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsSchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710032China
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van Setten GB, Stachs O, Dupas B, Turhan SA, Seitz B, Reitsamer H, Winter K, Horwath-Winter J, Guthoff RF, Müller-Lierheim WGK. High Molecular Weight Hyaluronan Promotes Corneal Nerve Growth in Severe Dry Eyes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123799. [PMID: 33255350 PMCID: PMC7760610 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWHA) eye drops on subbasal corneal nerves in patients suffering from severe dry eye disease (DED) and to evaluate the damage of subbasal corneal nerves associated with severe DED. Designed as an international, multicenter study, 16 patients with symptoms of at least an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score of 33, and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) of at least Oxford grade 3, were included and randomized into two study arms. The control group continued to use their individual optimum artificial tears over the study period of eight weeks; in the verum group, the artificial tears were substituted by eye drops containing 0.15% HMWHA. At the baseline visit, and after eight weeks, the subbasal nerve plexus of 16 patients were assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CSLM). The images were submitted to a masked reading center for evaluation. Results showed a significant increase of total nerve fiber lengths (CNFL) in the HMWHA group (p = 0.030) when compared to the control group, where the total subbasal CNFL did not significantly change from baseline to week 8. We concluded that in severe DED patients, HMWHA from topically applied eye drops could cross the epithelial barrier and reach the subbasal nerve plexus, where it exercised a trophic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gysbert-Botho van Setten
- Department of Clininical Neuroscience, St. Eriks Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 11282 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Oliver Stachs
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (R.F.G.)
| | - Bénédicte Dupas
- Quinze-Vingts National Eye Hospital & Vision Institute, 75571 Paris, France;
| | - Semra Akkaya Turhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University School of Medicine, 34899 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany;
| | - Herbert Reitsamer
- Department of Ophthalmology & Department of Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, University Clinic Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Karsten Winter
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | | | - Rudolf F. Guthoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (O.S.); (R.F.G.)
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Pitake S, Middleton LJ, Abdus-Saboor I, Mishra SK. Inflammation Induced Sensory Nerve Growth and Pain Hypersensitivity Requires the N-Type Calcium Channel Cav2.2. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1009. [PMID: 31607850 PMCID: PMC6761232 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are important mediators of pain hypersensitivity during inflammatory states, but their role in sensory nerve growth remains underexplored. Here, we assess the role of the N-type calcium channel Cav2.2 in the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model of inflammatory pain. We demonstrate with in situ hybridization and immunoblotting, an increase in Cav2.2 expression after hind paw CFA injection in sensory neurons that respond to thermal stimuli, but not in two different mechanosensitive neuronal populations. Further, Cav2.2 upregulation post-CFA correlates with thermal but not mechanical hyperalgesia in behaving mice, and this hypersensitivity is blocked with a specific Cav2.2 inhibitor. Voltage clamp recordings reveal a significant increase in Cav2.2 currents post-CFA, while current clamp analyses demonstrate a significant increase in action potential frequency. Moreover, CFA-induced sensory nerve growth, which involves the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and likely contributes to inflammation-induced hyperalgesia, was blocked with the Cav2.2 inhibitor. Together, this work uncovers a role for Cav2.2 during inflammation, demonstrating that VGCC activity can promote thermal hyperalgesia through both changes in firing rates of sensory neurons as well as promotion of new neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumitra Pitake
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Leah J Middleton
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ishmail Abdus-Saboor
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Santosh K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,The W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Shi BY, Rao ZL, Luo J, Liu XB, Fang Y, Cao HJ, Zeng N. [Protective effect and mechanism of Xiaoyao San on lipopolysaccharide-induced hippocampal neurons injury]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:781-786. [PMID: 30989892 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20181101.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between anti-depressant effect and hippocampal nerve growth of Xiaoyao San,the inflammatory model of hippocampal neuron was induced by lipopolysaccharide( LPS). The effect of Xiaoyao San serum( final concentration of4%,8%) on the cell proliferation activity was detected by immunofluorescence,the levels of BDNF and β-NGF in the supernatant of hippocampal neurons were detected by ELISA,and the expressions of BDNF,NGF,Trk B,Trk A and CREB mRNA in cell lysate of hippocampal neuron were detected by PCR. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Trk B,CREB,p-CREB and SYP protein in cell lysate of hippocampal neuron,and to reveal the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of Xiaoyao San. The results showed that8% Xiaoyao San serum could significantly increase in Brdu/Neu N ratio( P<0. 01). 4%,8% Xiaoyao San serum could significantly improve the levels of BDNF and β-NGF in supernatant( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),up-regulate the expression of BDNF,NGF,Trk B,Trk A,CREB mRNA and Trk B,p-CREB,SYP protein in cell lysate( P< 0. 05 or P< 0. 01). 8% Xiaoyao San serum could significantly increase CREB protein in cell lysate( P<0. 05),and elevate in p-CREB/CREB ratio( P<0. 01). All the above results indicate that Xiaoyao San has a certain protective effect on LPS induced hippocampal neuron injury,which suggests that the protective effect of Xiaoyao San is related to the promotion of hippocampal nerve growth,which is one of its antidepressant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yu Shi
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Zhi-Li Rao
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Jie Luo
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Xiao-Bo Liu
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Yang Fang
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Hai-Juan Cao
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
| | - Nan Zeng
- Pharmacy College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137,China
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Gruber HE, Hoelscher GL, Bullock L, Ingram JA, Norton HJ, Hanley EN. Human annulus signaling cues for nerve outgrowth: In vitro studies. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:1456-65. [PMID: 27155444 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between neurotrophins produced by human annulus cells, such as neurotrophin-4 (NT4) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which function in neurite survival and outgrowth, and nerve ingrowth into the disc remains poorly understood. In this work, we tested F11 neurite growth during exposure to control media, media with added nerve growth factor (NGF), conditioned media (CM) harvested from previous human annulus culture, or co-culture with annulus cells. Co-culture of F11 cells with annulus cells significantly increased media levels of amphiregulin, BDNF, glial-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor compared to levels from in culture of F11 cells alone (p ≤ 0.04). Cell-based assays of neurite growth revealed that BDNF levels present in CM bore a significant (p = 0.01) positive relationship to neurite length and accounted for 38.5% of the change in neurite length. NT4 levels produced during co-culture with annulus cells bore a significant (p = 0.04) positive relationship to neurite length and accounted for 40.9% of the change in length. Statement of clinical significance: In vitro findings point to a potential role of annulus cells related to nerve ingrowth in vivo, and may have relevance in the outer annulus (where cell numbers are high) or in regions where nerves penetrate into annular tears or fissures. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1456-1465, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Gruber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina, 28232
| | - Gretchen L Hoelscher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina, 28232
| | - Letitia Bullock
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina, 28232
| | - Jane A Ingram
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina, 28232
| | - H James Norton
- Dickson Advanced Analytics, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Edward N Hanley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, North Carolina, 28232
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Feld M, Garcia R, Buddenkotte J, Katayama S, Lewis K, Muirhead G, Hevezi P, Plesser K, Schrumpf H, Krjutskov K, Sergeeva O, Müller HW, Tsoka S, Kere J, Dillon SR, Steinhoff M, Homey B. The pruritus- and TH2-associated cytokine IL-31 promotes growth of sensory nerves. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:500-508.e24. [PMID: 27212086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pruritus is a cardinal symptom of atopic dermatitis, and an increased cutaneous sensory network is thought to contribute to pruritus. Although the immune cell-IL-31-neuron axis has been implicated in severe pruritus during atopic skin inflammation, IL-31's neuropoietic potential remains elusive. OBJECTIVE We sought to analyze the IL-31-related transcriptome in sensory neurons and to investigate whether IL-31 promotes sensory nerve fiber outgrowth. METHODS In vitro primary sensory neuron culture systems were subjected to whole-transcriptome sequencing, ingenuity pathway analysis, immunofluorescence, and nerve elongation, as well as branching assays after IL-31 stimulation. In vivo we investigated the cutaneous sensory neuronal network in wild-type, Il31-transgenic, and IL-31 pump-equipped mice. RESULTS Transgenic Il31 overexpression and subcutaneously delivered IL-31 induced an increase in the cutaneous nerve fiber density in lesional skin in vivo. Transcriptional profiling of IL-31-activated dorsal root ganglia neurons revealed enrichment for genes promoting nervous system development and neuronal outgrowth and negatively regulating cell death. Moreover, the growth cones of primary small-diameter dorsal root ganglia neurons showed abundant IL-31 receptor α expression. Indeed, IL-31 selectively promoted nerve fiber extension only in small-diameter neurons. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation mediated IL-31-induced neuronal outgrowth, and pharmacologic inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 completely abolished this effect. In contrast, transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid subtype 1 channels were dispensable for IL-31-induced neuronal sprouting. CONCLUSIONS The pruritus- and TH2-associated novel cytokine IL-31 induces a distinct transcriptional program in sensory neurons, leading to nerve elongation and branching both in vitro and in vivo. This finding might help us understand the clinical observation that patients with atopic dermatitis experience increased sensitivity to minimal stimuli inducing sustained itch.
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