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Morinaga S, Han Q, Kubota Y, Mizuta K, Kang BM, Sato M, Bouvet M, Yamamoto N, Hayashi K, Kimura H, Miwa S, Igarashi K, Higuchi T, Tsuchiya H, Hoffman RM. Extensive Synergy Between Recombinant Methioninase and Eribulin Against Fibrosarcoma Cells But Not Normal Fibroblasts. Anticancer Res 2024; 44:921-928. [PMID: 38423656 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of the present study was to determine the synergy of recombinant methioninase (rMETase) and the anti-tubulin agent eribulin on fibrosarcoma cells, in comparison to normal fibroblasts, in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells and HS27 human fibroblasts were used for in vitro experiments. Four groups were analyzed in vitro: No-treatment control; eribulin; rMETase; eribulin plus rMETase. Dual-color HT1080 cells which express red fluorescent protein (RFP) in the cytoplasm and green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the nuclei were used to visualize cytoplasmic and nuclear dynamics during treatment. RESULTS Eribulin combined with rMETase greatly decreased the viability of HT 1080 cells. In contrast, eribulin combined with rMETase did not show synergy on Hs27 normal fibroblasts. Eribulin combined with rMETase also caused more fragmentation of the nucleus than all other treatments. CONCLUSION The combination treatment of eribulin plus rMETase demonstrated efficacy on fibrosarcoma cells in vitro. In contrast, normal fibroblasts were resistant to this combination, indicating the potential clinical applicability of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Morinaga
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Yutaro Kubota
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Kohei Mizuta
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Byung Mo Kang
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Motokazu Sato
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Igarashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.;
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
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Li Q, Yuan H, Zhao G, Zhang J, Li S, Gong D, Feng T, Kou Q, Wang Q, Wang G, Li S, Li K, Lin P. ZNF32 prevents the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts through negative regulation of TGFB1 transcription in breast cancer. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22837. [PMID: 36934389 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201801r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the fundamental cellular components of the tumor microenvironment and play a critical role in the initiation, progression, and therapy resistance of breast cancer. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of CAFs activation from normal fibroblasts (NFs) are still not well understood. In the present study, we reported that ZNF32 expression in breast cancer cells was negatively correlated with CAF-related markers (FSP1, α-SMA, and FAP) in stromal fibroblasts, and loss of ZNF32 promoted the activation of CAFs, as evidenced by the enhanced proliferation and contractility of CAFs. ZNF32 deficiency-mediated fibroblast activation promoted the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ZNF32 inhibited TGFB1 transcription by directly binding to the -1968/-1962 region of the TGFB1 promoter, leading to the prevention of fibroblast activation. Altogether, our findings reveal an important mechanism by which ZNF32 suppression increases the transcription of the TGFB1 gene in breast cancer cells, and subsequently, elevated levels of secretory TGF-β stimulate NFs transformation into CAFs, which in turn facilitates the malignant progression of breast cancer. Our data implicated ZNF32 as a potential therapeutic strategy against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Gong
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyu Feng
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiming Kou
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanru Wang
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Stoyanova N, Spasova M, Manolova N, Rashkov I, Taneva S, Momchilova S, Georgieva A. Physico-Chemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Polylactide/ Portulaca oleracea Extract Electrospun Fibers. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:298. [PMID: 36984685 PMCID: PMC10056886 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning was used to create fibrous polylactide (PLA) materials loaded with Portulaca oleracea (P. oleracea) plant extract obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide. Morphological, physico-chemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics of the fibers were studied. According to the SEM results, the diameters of smooth and defect-free fibers fabricated by a one-pot electrospinning method were at micron scale. All the obtained materials possess good mechanical properties. Additionally, it was found that the composite fibers exhibited considerable antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity of the fibrous materials against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was determined as well. In vitro studies showed that the electrospun biomaterials had no cytotoxic effects and that the combination of PLA and the P. oleracea extract in the fiber structure promoted cell survival and proliferation of normal mouse fibroblasts. The obtained results reveal that microfibrous mats containing the polyester-PLA and the plant extract-P. oleracea can be suitable for applications in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Stoyanova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 103, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariya Spasova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 103, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena Manolova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 103, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iliya Rashkov
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 103, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sabina Taneva
- Department of Lipid Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 9, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana Momchilova
- Department of Lipid Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 9, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ani Georgieva
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 25, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Avagliano A, Arcucci A. Insights into Melanoma Fibroblast Populations and Therapeutic Strategy Perspectives: Friends or Foes? Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:6159-6168. [PMID: 35726413 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220620124138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive and highly metastatic solid tumor associated with drug resistance. Before 2011, despite therapies based on cytokines or molecules inhibiting DNA synthesis, metastatic melanoma led to patient death within 18 months from diagnosis. However, recent studies on bidirectional interactions between melanoma cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) have had a significant impact on the development of new therapeutic strategies represented by targeted therapy and immunotherapy. In particular, the heterogeneous stromal fibroblast populations, including fibroblasts, fibroblast aggregates, myofibroblasts, and melanoma associated fibroblasts (MAFs), represent the most abundant cell population of TME and regulate cancer growth differently. Therefore, in this perspective article, we have highlighted the different impacts of fibroblast populations on cancer development and growth. In particular, we focused on the role of MAFs in sustaining melanoma cell survival, proliferation, migration and invasion, drug resistance, and immunoregulation. The important role of constitutively activated MAFs in promoting CM growth and immunoediting makes this cell type a promising target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Avagliano
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Arcucci
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Zhou M, Wang S, Liu D, Zhou J. LINC01915 Facilitates the Conversion of Normal Fibroblasts into Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Induced by Colorectal Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles through the miR-92a-3p/KLF4/CH25H Axis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5255-5268. [PMID: 34643375 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing long non-coding RNAs are reported to regulate the cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).This study aimed to explore how LINC01915 influences the conversion of normal fibroblasts (NFs) into CAFs in colorectal cancer (CRC). LINC01915 expression was initially measured in clinical tissue samples and in NFs and CAFs. Identification of the interaction between LINC01915, miR-92a-3p, KLF4, and CH25H was done. The effects of LINC01915, miR-92a-3p, and KLF4 on the angiogenesis, extracellular vesicle (EV) uptake by NFs, and activation of stromal cells were assessed using gain- or loss-of-function approaches. Xenograft mouse models were established to validate these in vitro findings in vivo. EVs were shown to stimulate NF proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, as well as facilitate NF conversion into CAFs. CRC tissues and CAFs showed downregulated expression of LINC01915, which was associated with poor prognosis of patients. Moreover, employed LINC01915 inhibited tumor angiogenesis, CAF activation, and the uptake of tumor-derived EVs by NFs. Mechanistically, LINC01915 could competitively bind to miR-92a-3p and caused upregulation of the miR-92a-3p target KLF4 which, in turn, promoted the transcription of CH25H, leading to the suppressed uptake of EVs by NFs. The in vivo and in vitro experimental results showed that LINC01915 inhibited the uptake of CRC-derived EVs by NFs through the miR-92a-3p/KLF4/CH25H axis, thus arresting the angiogenesis and the conversion of NFs into CAFs and in turn prevent tumor growth. These data together supported the inhibiting role of LINC01915 in the conversion of NFs into CAFs triggered by the CRC-derived EVs and the ensuing tumor growth, which may be related to its regulation on the miR-92a-3p/KLF4/CH25H axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
| | - Shalong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, P. R. China
| | - Dongcai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, P. R. China
| | - Jiapeng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, P. R. China
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Qian L, Wang Q, Wei C, Wang L, Yang Y, Deng X, Liu J, Qi F. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B regulates fibroblasts proliferation, motility and extracellular matrix synthesis via the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway in keloid. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:202-213. [PMID: 34370343 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Keloid is a fibroproliferative disorder resulting from trauma, characterized by abnormal activation of keloid fibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). It affects life quality of patients and lacks of effective therapeutic targets. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatases and participates in many cellular processes such as metabolism, proliferation and motility. It has been reported that PTP1B negatively regulated diabetic wound healing and tumor progression. However, its effects in keloid remain unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of PTP1B on keloid fibroblasts which play essential roles in keloids pathogenesis. Our results revealed that PTP1B expression was decreased both in keloid tissues and in keloid fibroblasts compared to healthy controls. Keloid fibroblasts (KFs) showed higher cell proliferation, motility, ECM production and ERK activity than normal fibroblasts (NFs). Overexpression of PTP1B in KFs and NFs inhibited cell proliferation, motility, ECM synthesis and the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway while knockdown of PTP1B showed converse effects. The rescue experiments with ERK inhibitor further verified that MAPK/ERK signalling pathway involved in PTP1B regulatory network. Taken together, our findings indicated that overexpression of PTP1B suppressed keloid fibroblasts bio-behaviours and promoted their phenotype switch to normal cells via inhibiting the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway, suggesting it may be a potential anti-keloid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqi Qian
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Artificial Intelligence Center for Plastic Surgery and Cutaneous Soft Tissue Cancers, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fazhi Qi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Chen J, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhao D, Zhang L, Zhang J, Fan J, Zhan Q. NOX5 mediates the crosstalk between tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts via regulating cytokine network. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e472. [PMID: 34459125 PMCID: PMC8329696 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is a crucial feature for tumor malignancy. The reciprocal interplay between tumor cells and CAFs not only facilitates tumor progression and metastasis but also sustains the tumor-promoting function of CAFs. Nevertheless, how tumor cells readily adapt to these functional CAFs is still unclear. NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) is a strong reactive oxygen species producer overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. In this study, we showed that NOX5-positive ESCC cells induced normal fibroblasts (NFs) or adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to express the marker of CAFs-α smooth muscle actin. Moreover, these tumor cells reprogrammed the cytokine profile of the activated CAFs, which further stimulated NFs or MSCs to CAFs and induced lymphangiogenesis to facilitate ESCC malignancy. NOX5 activated intratumoral Src/nuclear factor-κB signaling to stimulate secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and lactate from tumor cells. Subsequently, TNF-α, IL-1β, and lactate activated CAFs, and facilitated the secretion of IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, CCL5, and transforming growth factor-β1 from CAFs. These CAFs-derived cytokines reciprocally induced the progression of NOX5-positive ESCC cells. Our findings together indicate that NOX5 serves as the driving oncoprotein to provide a niche that is beneficial for tumor malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Lingyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Jiawen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Laboratory of Molecular OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijingChina
- Institute of Cancer ResearchShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer ResearchChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Zhawar VK, Kandpal RP, Athwal RS. Senescence of Normal Human Fibroblasts Relates to the Expression of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor GluR6/Grik2. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:707-714. [PMID: 33099472 PMCID: PMC7675648 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Glutamate receptor GRIK2, previously designated as GluR6, is best described in neuronal cells. However, its biological relevance in non-neuronal cells is not well understood. We have investigated the expression of this important protein in normal human fibroblasts as a function of cell proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We introduced expression constructs of all five isoforms (A-E) of GRIK2 in normal human fibroblasts and investigated the cells for the presence and localization of GRIK2, as well as for cell proliferation and senescence over a period of 24 days. RESULTS The expression of GRIK2-A isoform led to immediate cessation of cell proliferation. However, the cell numbers increased by 1.5- to 9.0-fold in 24 days upon transfection with B, C, D and E isoforms, after which they entered a state of senescence. The decreased proliferation was reflected by incorporation of BrdU in only 2-8% of transfected cells even after culturing them for 16 days. CONCLUSION Our results are indicative of an association between GRIK2 and aging of fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjit K Zhawar
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Raj P Kandpal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, U.S.A.
| | - Raghbir S Athwal
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A.
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Sebastian A, Hum NR, Martin KA, Gilmore SF, Peran I, Byers SW, Wheeler EK, Coleman MA, Loots GG. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Tumor-Derived Fibroblasts and Normal Tissue-Resident Fibroblasts Reveals Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051307. [PMID: 32455670 PMCID: PMC7281266 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a prominent stromal cell type in solid tumors and molecules secreted by CAFs play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. CAFs coexist as heterogeneous populations with potentially different biological functions. Although CAFs are a major component of the breast cancer stroma, molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity of CAFs in breast cancer is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated CAF heterogeneity in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using a syngeneic mouse model, BALB/c-derived 4T1 mammary tumors. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we identified six CAF subpopulations in 4T1 tumors including: 1) myofibroblastic CAFs, enriched for α-smooth muscle actin and several other contractile proteins; 2) ‘inflammatory’ CAFs with elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines; and 3) a CAF subpopulation expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II proteins that are generally expressed in antigen-presenting cells. Comparison of 4T1-derived CAFs to CAFs from pancreatic cancer revealed that these three CAF subpopulations exist in both tumor types. Interestingly, cells with inflammatory and MHC class II-expressing CAF profiles were also detected in normal breast/pancreas tissue, suggesting that these phenotypes are not tumor microenvironment-induced. This work enhances our understanding of CAF heterogeneity, and specifically targeting these CAF subpopulations could be an effective therapeutic approach for treating highly aggressive TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimy Sebastian
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Nicholas R. Hum
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Kelly A. Martin
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Sean F. Gilmore
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Ivana Peran
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (I.P.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Stephen W. Byers
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (I.P.); (S.W.B.)
| | - Elizabeth K. Wheeler
- Engineering Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;
| | - Matthew A. Coleman
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Gabriela G. Loots
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA; (A.S.); (N.R.H.); (K.A.M.); (S.F.G.); (M.A.C.)
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-925-423-0923
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Savardashtaki A, Shabaninejad Z, Movahedpour A, Sahebnasagh R, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. miRNAs derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1627-1645. [PMID: 31702390 PMCID: PMC7132634 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing across the world. The cancer stroma exerts an impact on the spread, invasion and chemoresistance of CRC. The tumor microenvironment involves a complex interaction between cancer cells and stromal cells, for example, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs can promote neoplastic angiogenesis and tumor development in CRC. Mounting evidence suggests that many miRNAs are overexpressed (miR-21, miR-329, miR-181a, miR-199a, miR-382 and miR-215) in CRC CAFs, and these miRNAs can influence the spread, invasiveness and chemoresistance in neighboring tumor cells via paracrine signaling. Herein, we summarize the pathogenic roles of miRNAs and CAFs in CRC. Moreover, for first time, we highlight the miRNAs derived from CRC-associated CAFs and their roles in CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences … Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences … Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roxana Sahebnasagh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Agorku DJ, Langhammer A, Heider U, Wild S, Bosio A, Hardt O. CD49b, CD87, and CD95 Are Markers for Activated Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Whereas CD39 Marks Quiescent Normal Fibroblasts in Murine Tumor Models. Front Oncol 2019; 9:716. [PMID: 31428583 PMCID: PMC6690267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are thought to be key players in the tumor microenvironment. Means to identify and isolate fibroblasts as well as an understanding of their cancer-specific features are essential to dissect their role in tumor biology. To date, the identification of cancer-associated fibroblasts is widely based on generic markers for activated fibroblasts in combination with their origin in tumor tissue. This study was focused on a deep characterization of the cell surface marker profile of cancer-associated fibroblasts in widely used mouse tumor models and defining aberrant expression profiles by comparing them to their healthy counterparts. We established a generic workflow to isolate healthy and cancer-associated fibroblasts from solid tissues, thereby reducing bias, and background noise introduced by non-target cells. We identified CD87, CD44, CD49b, CD95, and Ly-6C as cancer-associated fibroblast cell surface markers, while CD39 was identified to mark normal fibroblasts from healthy tissues. In addition, we found a functional association of most cancer-related fibroblast markers to proliferation and a systemic upregulation of CD87, and CD49b in tumor-bearing mice, even in non-affected tissues. These novel markers will facilitate the characterization of fibroblasts and shed further light in their functions and implication in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Agorku
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.,HAN Master Programmes, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Ute Heider
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
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12
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Facoetti A, DI Gioia C, Pasi F, DI Liberto R, Corbella F, Nano R, Ciocca M, Valvo F, Orecchia R. Morphological Analysis of Amoeboid-Mesenchymal Transition Plasticity After Low and High LET Radiation on Migrating and Invading Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:4585-4591. [PMID: 30061225 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cell migration and invasion are fundamental components of tumor cell metastasis that represent the biggest threat to the survival and quality of life of cancer patients. There is clear evidence that ionizing radiation can differently modulate migration and invasiveness of cancer cells depending on the cell lines, the doses and the radiation types investigated. This suggests that motile cells are able to adopt different migration strategies according to their molecular characteristics and external signals. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a morphological analysis was performed on pancreatic cancer Aspc-1 cells to evaluate the amoeboid-mesenchymal mobility transition in several experimental conditions considering the role played by factors released by normal and tumor cells, in basal conditions and after low and high Linear Energy Transfer (LET) irradiation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The migratory behavior of Aspc-1 cells is modulated by factors released by normal fibroblasts and tumor cells, and this is in turn modulated by both the radiation dose and the radiation quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesca Pasi
- Oncological Radiotherapy Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo DI Liberto
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Franco Corbella
- Oncological Radiotherapy Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Nano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Orecchia
- Fondazione CNAO, Pavia, Italy.,University of Milan and Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
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13
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Alkasalias T, Moyano-Galceran L, Arsenian-Henriksson M, Lehti K. Fibroblasts in the Tumor Microenvironment: Shield or Spear? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051532. [PMID: 29883428 PMCID: PMC5983719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex process involving dynamic interactions between malignant cells and their surrounding stroma, including both the cellular and acellular components. Within the stroma, fibroblasts represent not only a predominant cell type, but also a major source of the acellular tissue microenvironment comprising the extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors. Normal fibroblasts can exert diverse suppressive functions against cancer initiating and metastatic cells via direct cell-cell contact, paracrine signaling by soluble factors, and ECM integrity. The loss of such suppressive functions is an inherent step in tumor progression. A tumor cell-induced switch of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), in turn, triggers a range of pro-tumorigenic signals accompanied by distraction of the normal tissue architecture, thus creating an optimal niche for cancer cells to grow extensively. To further support tumor progression and metastasis, CAFs secrete factors such as ECM remodeling enzymes that further modify the tumor microenvironment in combination with the altered adhesive forces and cell-cell interactions. These paradoxical tumor suppressive and promoting actions of fibroblasts are the focus of this review, highlighting the heterogenic molecular properties of both normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts, as well as their main mechanisms of action, including the emerging impact on immunomodulation and different therapy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twana Alkasalias
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Irbil 44002, Kurdistan-Iraq.
| | - Lidia Moyano-Galceran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Marie Arsenian-Henriksson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology and Medicum, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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14
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Chen S, Gao P, Chang Z, Xuan M. [Effects of oral cancer-associated fibroblasts on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation to human lymphatic endothelial cells]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015; 33:524-528. [PMID: 26688949 PMCID: PMC7030323 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of oral cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on lymphangiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were obtained from the tissues of patients with OSCC who did not receive radio-chemotherapy before operation. And the CAFs and NFs were isolated by method of tissue block and identified by immunohistochemical staining. The effects of CAFs (group A) and NFs (group B) to human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLEC) were detected by using a 24-multiwell transwell cell culture chamber. DMEM sugar medium was as blank control group. The number of proliferative, migratory, invasive and tubes of HLEC were counted under inverted phase contrast microscope. RESULTS The proliferative number of HLEC of group A for 96, 144, 196 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01). The migratory and invasive number of HLEC of group A for 96 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01). The number of tube formation of HLEC of group A for 24 h was significantly higher than that of group B and blank control group, group B higher than blank control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION CAFs promote HLEC's proliferation, migration, invasion, tube formation, and these effects are stronger than NFs.
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15
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Mrazek AA, Carmical JR, Wood TG, Hellmich MR, Eltorky M, Bohanon FJ, Chao C. Colorectal Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts are Genotypically Distinct. Curr Cancer Ther Rev 2014; 10:97-218. [PMID: 25530743 DOI: 10.2174/157339471002141124123103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells in the stromal microenvironment facilitate colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and "co-evolve" with the epithelial cancer cells. Genetic and epigenetic differences between normal colorectal mucosa fibroblasts (NF) and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are not known. The aim of this study is to identify differentially expressed genes and promoter methylation between NF and CAF in human CRC. RNA and DNA were extracted from cultured NF and CAF from CRC resections. Genome-wide gene expression and methylation analyses were performed using the Illumina Human HT-12 v4.0 Expression and Illumina Human Methylation 27 BeadChips. Gene expression values between NF and CAF were compared and correlated with methylation patterns. Data was analyzed using Partek Genomics Suite using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 as significant. Ingenuity iReport™ was performed to identify potential differences in biological functions and pathways between the NF and CAF. Paired methylation and gene expression analyses from 11 NF and 10 CAF colorectal samples are reported. Unsupervised analysis of differentially expressed genes using iReport™ identified "Top Diseases" as "Cancer" and "Colorectal Cancer". Previous genome wide studies have focused on the cancer cells. We have identified differentially expressed genes and differentially methylated promoter regions that are CAF-specific in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Mrazek
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Joseph R Carmical
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Thomas G Wood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Mark R Hellmich
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Mahmoud Eltorky
- Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Frederick J Bohanon
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
| | - Celia Chao
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555 USA
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16
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Uram Ł, Szuster M, Gargasz K, Filipowicz A, Wałajtys-Rode E, Wołowiec S. In vitro cytotoxicity of the ternary PAMAM G3-pyridoxal-biotin bioconjugate. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4707-20. [PMID: 24376351 PMCID: PMC3864882 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s53254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A third-generation polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM G3) was used as a macromolecular carrier for pyridoxal and biotin. The binary covalent bioconjugate of G3, with nine molecules of biotin per one molecule of G3 (G39B), and the ternary covalent bioconjugate of G3, with nine biotin and ten pyridoxal molecules (G39B10P), were synthesized. The biotin and pyridoxal residues of the bioconjugate were available for carboxylase and transaminase enzymes, as demonstrated in the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate and alanine to pyruvate, respectively, by in vitro monitoring of the reactions, using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The toxicity of the ternary bioconjugate (BC-PAMAM) was studied in vitro on BJ human normal skin fibroblasts and human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15) cell cultures in comparison with PAMAM G3, using three cytotoxicity assays (XTT, neutral red, and crystal violet) and an estimation of apoptosis by confocal microscopy detection. The tests have shown that BC-PAMAM has significantly lower cytotoxicity compared with PAMAM. Nonconjugated PAMAM was not cytotoxic at concentrations up to 5 μM (NR) and 10 μM (XTT), and BC-PAMAM was not cytotoxic up to 50 μM (both assays) for both cell lines. It has been also found that normal fibroblasts were more sensitive than SCC to both PAMAM and BC-PAMAM. The effect of PAMAM and BC-PAMAM on the initiation of apoptosis (PAMAM in fibroblasts at 5 μM and BC-PAMAM at 10 μM in both cell lines) corresponded with cytotoxicity assays for both cell lines. We concluded that normal fibroblasts are more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of the PAMAM G3 dendrimer and that modification of its surface cationic groups by substitution with biologically active molecules significantly decreases that effect, confirming that PAMAM G3 is a useful candidate as a carrier for active biocompound delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Uram
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szuster
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gargasz
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filipowicz
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Wałajtys-Rode
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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17
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Kim SH, Choe C, Shin YS, Jeon MJ, Choi SJ, Lee J, Bae GY, Cha HJ, Kim J. Human lung cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance motility of non-small cell lung cancer cells in co-culture. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:2001-2009. [PMID: 23645749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The metastatic potential of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has been shown to be associated with the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment, regulating tumor cell function by secreting growth factors, chemokines, and extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we examined the role of CAFs in the tumor progression of NSCLC. Firstly, we established primary cultures of CAFs and matched normal fibroblasts (NFs) from patients with resected NSCLC. CAFs exhibited greater expression of the pan-mesenchymal marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) than did NFs, although they displayed similar morphology. Furthermore, we employed a direct co-culture assay with human NSCLC A549 and H358 cells, and found that CAFs were more potent in inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype than NFs, as indicated by an elongated and disseminated appearance. CAF-induced EMT led to an increase in motility and a decrease in proliferation of NSCLC cells through SMAD family number-3 (SMAD3)-dependent up-regulation of the growth inhibitory gene p21(CIP1) [cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-1A (CDKN1A)] and α-SMA. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that lung CAFs have tumor-promoting capacity distinct from NFs and might play a significant role in the metastatic potential of NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/pathology
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Skin/cytology
- Skin/metabolism
- Wound Healing
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
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