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Holtappels M, Swinnen E, De Groef L, Wuyts J, Moons L, Lagrou K, Van Dijck P, Kucharíková S. Antifungal Activity of Oleylphosphocholine on In Vitro and In Vivo Candida albicans Biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e01767-17. [PMID: 29061737 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01767-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential antifungal activity of the alkylphospholipid oleylphosphocholine (OlPC), a structural analogue of miltefosine, on in vitro and in vivoCandida albicans biofilm formation. The effect of OlPC on in vitro and in vivoC. albicans biofilms inside triple-lumen polyurethane catheters was studied. In vivo biofilms were developed subcutaneously after catheter implantation on the lower back of Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were treated orally with OlPC (20 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 7 days. The effect of OlPC on biofilms that developed on the mucosal surface was studied in an ex vivo model of oral candidiasis. The role of OlPC in C. albicans morphogenesis was investigated by using hypha-inducing media, namely, Lee, Spider, and RPMI 1640 media. OlPC displayed activity against both planktonic cells and in vitroC. albicans biofilms. To completely abolish preformed, 24-h-old biofilms, higher concentrations (8, 10, and 13 mg/liter) were needed. Moreover, OlPC was able to reduce C. albicans biofilms formed by caspofungin-resistant clinical isolates and acted synergistically when combined with caspofungin. The daily oral administration of OlPC significantly reduced in vivoC. albicans biofilms that developed subcutaneously. In addition, OlPC decreased biofilm formation on mucosal surfaces. Interestingly, the application of subinhibitory concentrations of OlPC already inhibited the yeast-to-hypha transition, a crucial virulence factor of C. albicans We document, for the first time, the effects of OlPC on C. albicans cells and suggest the potential use of OlPC for the treatment of C. albicans biofilm-associated infections.
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Sonzogni-Desautels K, Renteria AE, Camargo FV, Di Lenardo TZ, Mikhail A, Arrowood MJ, Fortin A, Ndao M. Oleylphosphocholine (OlPC) arrests Cryptosporidium parvum growth in vitro and prevents lethal infection in interferon gamma receptor knock-out mice. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:973. [PMID: 26441906 PMCID: PMC4585137 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum is a species of protozoa that causes cryptosporidiosis, an intestinal disease affecting many mammals including humans. Typically, in healthy individuals, cryptosporidiosis is a self-limiting disease. However, C. parvum can cause a severe and persistent infection that can be life-threatening for immunocompromised individuals, such as AIDS patients. As there are no available treatments for these patients that can cure the disease, there is an urgent need to identify treatment options. We tested the anti-parasitic activity of the alkylphosphocholine oleylphosphocholine (OlPC), an analog of miltefosine, against C. parvum in in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro experiments using C. parvum infected human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8 cells) showed that OlPC has an EC50 of 18.84 nM. Moreover, no cell toxicity has been seen at concentrations ≤50 μM. C57BL/6 interferon gamma receptor knock-out mice, were infected by gavage with 4000 C. parvum oocysts on Day 0. Oral treatments, with OlPC, miltefosine, paromomycin or PBS, began on Day 3 post-infection for 10 days. Treatment with OlPC, at 40 mg/kg/day resulted in 100% survival, complete clearance of parasite in stools and a 99.9% parasite burden reduction in the intestines at Day 30. Doses of 30 and 20 mg/kg/day also demonstrated an increased survival rate and a dose-dependent parasite burden reduction. Mice treated with 10 mg/kg/day of miltefosine resulted in 50% survival at Day 30. In contrast, control mice, treated with PBS or 100 mg/kg/day of paromomycin, died or had to be euthanized between Days 6 and 13 due to severe illness. Results of parasite burden were obtained by qPCR and cross-validated by both flow cytometry of stool oocysts and histological sections of the ileum. Together, our results strongly support that OlPC represents a potential candidate for the treatment of C. parvum infections in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Sonzogni-Desautels
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, Canada ; Institute of Parasitology, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Axel E Renteria
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, Canada ; Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Fabio V Camargo
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexandre Mikhail
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Arrowood
- Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta GA, USA
| | - Anny Fortin
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada ; Dafra Pharma R&D Turnhout, Belgium
| | - Momar Ndao
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal QC, Canada ; Institute of Parasitology, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada ; Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
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