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Zhong C, He Z, Liu Y, Li Z, Wang X, Jiang C, Kang S, Liu X, Zhao S, Wang J, Zhang H, Zhao X, Yu H. Genome-wide identification of TPS and TPP genes in cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea) and functional characterization of AhTPS9 in response to cold stress. Front Plant Sci 2024; 14:1343402. [PMID: 38312353 PMCID: PMC10834750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1343402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Trehalose is vital for plant metabolism, growth, and stress resilience, relying on Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) genes. Research on these genes in cultivated peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) is limited. Methods This study employed bioinformatics to identify and analyze AhTPS and AhTPP genes in cultivated peanuts, with subsequent experimental validation of AhTPS9's role in cold tolerance. Results In the cultivated peanut genome, a total of 16 AhTPS and 17 AhTPP genes were identified. AhTPS and AhTPP genes were observed in phylogenetic analysis, closely related to wild diploid peanuts, respectively. The evolutionary patterns of AhTPS and AhTPP genes were predominantly characterized by gene segmental duplication events and robust purifying selection. A variety of hormone-responsive and stress-related cis-elements were unveiled in our analysis of cis-regulatory elements. Distinct expression patterns of AhTPS and AhTPP genes across different peanut tissues, developmental stages, and treatments were revealed, suggesting potential roles in growth, development, and stress responses. Under low-temperature stress, qPCR results showcased upregulation in AhTPS genes (AhTPS2-5, AhTPS9-12, AhTPS14, AhTPS15) and AhTPP genes (AhTPP1, AhTPP6, AhTPP11, AhTPP13). Furthermore, AhTPS9, exhibiting the most significant expression difference under cold stress, was obviously induced by cold stress in cultivated peanut, and AhTPS9-overexpression improved the cold tolerance of Arabidopsis by protect the photosynthetic system of plants, and regulates sugar-related metabolites and genes. Discussion This comprehensive study lays the groundwork for understanding the roles of AhTPS and AhTPP gene families in trehalose regulation within cultivated peanuts and provides valuable insights into the mechanisms related to cold stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zehua He
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunji Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuli Kang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xibo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuli Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiqiu Yu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Yingkou, China
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Kumar D, Kirti PB. The genus Arachis: an excellent resource for studies on differential gene expression for stress tolerance. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1275854. [PMID: 38023864 PMCID: PMC10646159 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1275854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Peanut Arachis hypogaea is a segmental allotetraploid in the section Arachis of the genus Arachis along with the Section Rhizomataceae. Section Arachis has several diploid species along with Arachis hypogaea and A. monticola. The section Rhizomataceae comprises polyploid species. Several species in the genus are highly tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses and provide excellent sets of genotypes for studies on differential gene expression. Though there were several studies in this direction, more studies are needed to identify more and more gene combinations. Next generation RNA-seq based differential gene expression study is a powerful tool to identify the genes and regulatory pathways involved in stress tolerance. Transcriptomic and proteomic study of peanut plants under biotic stresses reveals a number of differentially expressed genes such as R genes (NBS-LRR, LRR-RLK, protein kinases, MAP kinases), pathogenesis related proteins (PR1, PR2, PR5, PR10) and defense related genes (defensin, F-box, glutathione S-transferase) that are the most consistently expressed genes throughout the studies reported so far. In most of the studies on biotic stress induction, the differentially expressed genes involved in the process with enriched pathways showed plant-pathogen interactions, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, defense and signal transduction. Differential gene expression studies in response to abiotic stresses, reported the most commonly expressed genes are transcription factors (MYB, WRKY, NAC, bZIP, bHLH, AP2/ERF), LEA proteins, chitinase, aquaporins, F-box, cytochrome p450 and ROS scavenging enzymes. These differentially expressed genes are in enriched pathways of transcription regulation, starch and sucrose metabolism, signal transduction and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. These identified differentially expressed genes provide a better understanding of the resistance/tolerance mechanism, and the genes for manipulating biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in peanut and other crop plants. There are a number of differentially expressed genes during biotic and abiotic stresses were successfully characterized in peanut or model plants (tobacco or Arabidopsis) by genetic manipulation to develop stress tolerance plants, which have been detailed out in this review and more concerted studies are needed to identify more and more gene/gene combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar
- Department of Microbial Genetics and Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pulugurtha Bharadwaja Kirti
- Agri Biotech Foundation, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State (PJTS) Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Bhattacharjee O, Raul B, Ghosh A, Bhardwaj A, Bandyopadhyay K, Sinharoy S. Nodule INception-independent epidermal events lead to bacterial entry during nodule development in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). New Phytol 2022; 236:2265-2281. [PMID: 36098671 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Legumes can host nitrogen-fixing rhizobia inside root nodules. In model legumes, rhizobia enter via infection threads (ITs) and develop nodules in which the infection zone contains a mixture of infected and uninfected cells. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) diversified from model legumes c. 50-55 million years ago. Rhizobia enter through 'cracks' to form nodules in peanut roots where cells of the infection zone are uniformly infected. Phylogenomic studies have indicated symbiosis as a labile trait in peanut. These atypical features prompted us to investigate the molecular mechanism of peanut nodule development. Combining cell biology, genetics and genomic tools, we visualized the status of hormonal signaling in peanut nodule primordia. Moreover, we dissected the signaling modules of Nodule INception (NIN), a master regulator of both epidermal infection and cortical organogenesis. Cytokinin signaling operates in a broad zone, from the epidermis to the pericycle inside nodule primordia, while auxin signaling is narrower and focused. Nodule INception is involved in nodule organogenesis, but not in crack entry. Nodulation Pectate Lyase, which remodels cell walls during IT formation, is not required. By contrast, Nodule enhanced Glycosyl Hydrolases (AhNGHs) are recruited for cell wall modification during crack entry. While hormonal regulation is conserved, the function of the NIN signaling modules is diversified in peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Bhattacharjee
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana, 122412, India
| | - Bikash Raul
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amit Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Akanksha Bhardwaj
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kaustav Bandyopadhyay
- Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana, 122412, India
| | - Senjuti Sinharoy
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Zhang W, Luo X, Mei YZ, Yang Q, Zhang AY, Chen M, Mei Y, Ma CY, Du YC, Li M, Zhu Q, Sun K, Xu FJ, Dai CC. Priming of rhizobial nodulation signaling in the mycosphere accelerates nodulation of legume hosts. New Phytol 2022; 235:1212-1230. [PMID: 35488499 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous symbiosis of leguminous plants with two root mutualists, endophytic fungi and rhizobia is common in nature, yet how two mutualists interact and co-exist before infecting plants and the concomitant effects on nodulation are less understood. Using a combination of metabolic analysis, fungal deletion mutants and comparative transcriptomics, we demonstrated that Bradyrhizobium and a facultatively biotrophic fungus, Phomopsis liquidambaris, interacted to stimulate fungal flavonoid production, and thereby primed Bradyrhizobial nodulation signaling, enhancing Bradyrhizobial responses to root exudates and leading to early nodulation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea), and such effects were compromised when disturbing fungal flavonoid biosynthesis. Stress sensitivity assays and reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination revealed that flavonoid production acted as a strategy to alleviate hyphal oxidative stress during P. liquidambaris-Bradyrhizobial interactions. By investigating the interactions between P. liquidambaris and a collection of 38 rhizobacteria, from distinct bacterial genera, we additionally showed that the flavonoid-ROS module contributed to the maintenance of fungal and bacterial co-existence, and fungal niche colonization under soil conditions. Our results demonstrate for the first time that rhizobial nodulation signaling can be primed by fungi before symbiosis with host plants and highlight the importance of flavonoid in tripartite interactions between legumes, beneficial fungi and rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ai-Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying-Chun Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang-Ji Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
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Lu Q, Liu H, Hong Y, Liang X, Li S, Liu H, Li H, Wang R, Deng Q, Jiang H, Varshney RK, Pandey MK, Chen X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of FAR1 Gene Family Provide Insight Into Pod Development in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea). Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:893278. [PMID: 35592563 PMCID: PMC9111957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.893278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The far-red-impaired response 1 (FAR1) transcription family were initially identified as important factors for phytochrome A (phyA)-mediated far-red light signaling in Arabidopsis; they play crucial roles in controlling the growth and development of plants. The reported reference genome sequences of Arachis, including A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, A. monticola, and A. hypogaea, and its related species Glycine max provide an opportunity to systematically perform a genome-wide identification of FAR1 homologous genes and investigate expression patterns of these members in peanut species. Here, a total of 650 FAR1 genes were identified from four Aarchis and its closely related species G. max. Of the studied species, A. hypogaea contained the most (246) AhFAR1 genes, which can be classified into three subgroups based on phylogenic relationships. The synonymous (Ks) and non-synonymous (Ka) substitution rates, phylogenetic relationship and synteny analysis of the FAR1 family provided deep insight into polyploidization, evolution and domestication of peanut AhFAR1 genes. The transcriptome data showed that the AhFAR1 genes exhibited distinct tissue- and stage-specific expression patterns in peanut. Three candidate genes including Ahy_A10g049543, Ahy_A06g026579, and Ahy_A10g048401, specifically expressed in peg and pod, might participate in pod development in the peanut. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses confirmed that the three selected genes were highly and specifically expressed in the peg and pod. This study systematically analyzed gene structure, evolutionary characteristics and expression patterns of FAR1 gene family, which will provide a foundation for the study of genetic and biological function in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanqiang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxiong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haifen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanqing Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
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Yao X, Chen P, Cheng T, Sun K, Megharaj M, He W. Inoculation of Bacillus megaterium strain A14 alleviates cadmium accumulation in peanut: effects and underlying mechanisms. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:819-832. [PMID: 33386698 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A cadmium (Cd)-tolerant Bacillus megaterium strain A14 was used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of bacterial inoculation on peanut growth, Cd accumulation in grains and Cd fixation in Cd-contaminated soil. METHODS AND RESULTS Spectroscopic analysis showed that A14 has many functional groups (-OH, -NH2 and -COO et al.) distributed on its surface. The pot experiment indicated that compared to the Cd-contaminated soil alone treatment, inoculation with strain A14 increased shoot and root biomass by 59·93 and 58·31% respectively. The accumulation of Cd in grains decreased by 48·14%, while the proportion of exchangeable Cd in soil decreased from 40 to 26% in A14 inoculated soil. CONCLUSIONS Inoculation with B. megaterium A14 improved peanut plant growth via (i) adsorbing Cd2+ through functional groups on cell surface, (ii) immobilization of Cd in soil through extracellular secretions, (iii) scavenging the reactive oxygen species through production of antioxidant enzymes, and (iv) by reducing the phytoavailable Cd through regulation of Cd transport gene expression. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provided a new sight on microbial approach for the chemical composition transformation of soil Cd and associated food safety production, which pointed out an efficient way to improve peanut cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - P Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - K Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - W He
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Li L, Zhang Z, Pan S, Li L, Li X. Characterization and Metabolism Effect of Seed Endophytic Bacteria Associated With Peanut Grown in South China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2659. [PMID: 31798570 PMCID: PMC6865467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes are considered to be excellent biocontrol agents and biofertilizers, and are associated with plant growth promotion and health. In particular, seed-endophytic bacteria benefit the host plant’s progeny via vertical transmission, and can play a role in plant growth and defense. However, seed-associated endophytic bacteria have not been fully explored, with very little known about how they interact with peanut (Arachis hypogaea), for example. Here, 10 genera of endophytic bacteria were isolated from the root tips of peanut seedlings grown either aseptically or in soil. Forty-two bacterial colonies were obtained from peanut seedlings grown in soil, mostly from the genus Bacillus. Eight colonies were obtained from aseptic seedling root tips, including Bacillus sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Pantoea dispersa. Four Bacillus peanut strains GL1–GL4 (B.p.GL1-GL4) produced bio-films, while B.p.GL2 and Paenibacillus glycanilyticus YMR3 (P.g.YMR3) showed strong amylolytic capability, enhanced peanut biomass, and increased numbers of root nodules. Conversely, P. dispersa YMR1 (P.d.YMR1) caused peanut plants to wilt. P.g.YMR3 was distributed mainly around or inside vacuoles and was transmitted to the next generation through gynophores and ovules. Hexanoate, succinate, and jasmonic acid (JA) accumulated in peanut root tips after incubation with P.g.YMR3, but linolenate content decreased dramatically. This suggests that strain P.g.YMR3 increases JA content (14.93-fold change) and modulates the metabolism of peanut to facilitate nodule formation and growth. These findings provide new insight into plant–seed endophytic bacterial interactions in peanut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Mishra A, Jain A, Arora N. Mapping B-cell epitopes of major and minor peanut allergens and identifying residues contributing to IgE binding. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:539-547. [PMID: 25652191 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epitope identification provides valuable information essential for understanding antigen components involved in food allergic reactions. In the present study, an in silico approach is employed to map IgE binding epitopes of major and minor peanut allergens. RESULTS B-cell epitopes were identified for peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergens, namely Ara h 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11. A total of 10 web servers were used in the study and 26 linear and 18 conformational epitopes were predicted by a combination of methods. The majority of the predicted B-cell residues were present in the coil regions and the highest percentage of hydrophilic residues were observed for Ara h 6 (70.49%). The absolute solvent accessibility for all the B-cell epitopes was >70%, indicating antibody recognition. The property distance index assessed for the predicted epitopes using SDAP showed that six linear epitopes shared similarity with soybean, hazelnut, tomato, maize, apple and banana allergens. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the identified regions may share cross-reactivity with some of the known food allergens or may act as novel antigenic determinants. Further, B-cell epitopes of Ara h 1, 2 and 3 identified by in silico methods correlated well with the experimentally identified regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Mishra
- Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, CSIR, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anuja Jain
- Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, CSIR, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Naveen Arora
- Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, CSIR, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi 110007, India
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Wan L, Li B, Pandey MK, Wu Y, Lei Y, Yan L, Dai X, Jiang H, Zhang J, Wei G, Varshney RK, Liao B. Transcriptome Analysis of a New Peanut Seed Coat Mutant for the Physiological Regulatory Mechanism Involved in Seed Coat Cracking and Pigmentation. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1491. [PMID: 27790222 PMCID: PMC5063860 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Seed-coat cracking and undesirable color of seed coat highly affects external appearance and commercial value of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). With an objective to find genetic solution to the above problems, a peanut mutant with cracking and brown colored seed coat (testa) was identified from an EMS treated mutant population and designated as "peanut seed coat crack and brown color mutant line (pscb)." The seed coat weight of the mutant was almost twice of the wild type, and the germination time was significantly shorter than wild type. Further, the mutant had lower level of lignin, anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin content, and highly increased level of melanin content as compared to wild type. Using RNA-Seq, we examined the seed coat transcriptome in three stages of seed development in the wild type and the pscb mutant. The RNA-Seq analysis revealed presence of highly differentially expressed phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathway genes in all the three seed development stages, especially at 40 days after flowering (DAF40). Also, the expression of polyphenol oxidases and peroxidase were found to be activated significantly especially in the late seed developmental stage. The genome-wide comparative study of the expression profiles revealed 62 differentially expressed genes common across all the three stages. By analyzing the expression patterns and the sequences of the common differentially expressed genes of the three stages, three candidate genes namely c36498_g1 (CCoAOMT1), c40902_g2 (kinesin), and c33560_g1 (MYB3) were identified responsible for seed-coat cracking and brown color phenotype. Therefore, this study not only provided candidate genes but also provided greater insights and molecular genetic control of peanut seed-coat cracking and color variation. The information generated in this study will facilitate further identification of causal gene and diagnostic markers for breeding improved peanut varieties with smooth and desirable seed coat color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Bei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid TropicsHyderabad, India
| | - Yanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Institute of Food Science and Technology of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Juncheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid TropicsHyderabad, India
- School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western AustraliaCrawley, WA, Australia
| | - Boshou Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Boshou Liao
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