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van Haren JS, Delbressine FLM, Schoberer M, te Pas AB, van Laar JOEH, Oei SG, van der Hout-van der Jagt MB. Transferring an extremely premature infant to an extra-uterine life support system: a prospective view on the obstetric procedure. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1360111. [PMID: 38425664 PMCID: PMC10902175 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1360111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
To improve care for extremely premature infants, the development of an extrauterine environment for newborn development is being researched, known as Artificial Placenta and Artificial Womb (APAW) technology. APAW facilitates extended development in a liquid-filled incubator with oxygen and nutrient supply through an oxygenator connected to the umbilical vessels. This setup is intended to provide the optimal environment for further development, allowing further lung maturation by delaying gas exposure to oxygen. This innovative treatment necessitates interventions in obstetric procedures to transfer an infant from the native to an artificial womb, while preventing fetal-to-neonatal transition. In this narrative review we analyze relevant fetal physiology literature, provide an overview of insights from APAW studies, and identify considerations for the obstetric procedure from the native uterus to an APAW system. Lastly, this review provides suggestions to improve sterility, fetal and maternal well-being, and the prevention of neonatal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette S. van Haren
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Schoberer
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering and Clinic for Neonatology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arjan B. te Pas
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Judith O. E. H. van Laar
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - S. Guid Oei
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M. Beatrijs van der Hout-van der Jagt
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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van der Hout-van der Jagt MB, Verweij EJT, Andriessen P, de Boode WP, Bos AF, Delbressine FLM, Eggink AJ, Erwich JJHM, Feijs LMG, Groenendaal F, Kramer BWW, Lely AT, Loop RFAM, Neukamp F, Onland W, Oudijk MA, te Pas AB, Reiss IKM, Schoberer M, Scholten RR, Spaanderman MEA, van der Ven M, Vermeulen MJ, van de Vosse FN, Oei SG. Interprofessional Consensus Regarding Design Requirements for Liquid-Based Perinatal Life Support (PLS) Technology. Front Pediatr 2022; 9:793531. [PMID: 35127593 PMCID: PMC8809135 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.793531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-based perinatal life support (PLS) technology will probably be applied in a first-in-human study within the next decade. Research and development of PLS technology should not only address technical issues, but also consider socio-ethical and legal aspects, its application area, and the corresponding design implications. This paper represents the consensus opinion of a group of healthcare professionals, designers, ethicists, researchers and patient representatives, who have expertise in tertiary obstetric and neonatal care, bio-ethics, experimental perinatal animal models for physiologic research, biomedical modeling, monitoring, and design. The aim of this paper is to provide a framework for research and development of PLS technology. These requirements are considering the possible respective user perspectives, with the aim to co-create a PLS system that facilitates physiological growth and development for extremely preterm born infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Beatrijs van der Hout-van der Jagt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - E. J. T. Verweij
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Fetal Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter Andriessen
- Department of Neonatology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Medical Physics and Engineering Eindhoven, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Willem P. de Boode
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Perinatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Arend F. Bos
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Frank L. M. Delbressine
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Alex J. Eggink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Jaap H. M. Erwich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Loe M. G. Feijs
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Floris Groenendaal
- Department of Neonatology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Boris W. W. Kramer
- Department of Neonatology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - A. Titia Lely
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rachel F. A. M. Loop
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Industrial Design Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Franziska Neukamp
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering and Clinic for Neonatology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wes Onland
- Department of Neonatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn A. Oudijk
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arjan B. te Pas
- Department of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Irwin K. M. Reiss
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mark Schoberer
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering and Clinic for Neonatology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralph R. Scholten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc E. A. Spaanderman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Myrthe van der Ven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Marijn J. Vermeulen
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Care4Neo Foundation, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frans N. van de Vosse
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - S. Guid Oei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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Verweij EJ, De Proost L, van Laar JOEH, Frank L, Obermann-Borstn SA, Vermeulen MJ, van Baalen S, van der Hout-van der Jagt MB, Kingma E. Ethical Development of Artificial Amniotic Sac and Placenta Technology: A Roadmap. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:793308. [PMID: 34956991 PMCID: PMC8694243 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.793308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we present an initial roadmap for the ethical development and eventual implementation of artificial amniotic sac and placenta technology in clinical practice. We consider four elements of attention: (1) framing and societal dialogue; (2) value sensitive design, (3) research ethics and (4) ethical and legal research resulting in the development of an adequate moral and legal framework. Attention to all elements is a necessary requirement for ethically responsible development of this technology. The first element concerns the importance of framing and societal dialogue. This should involve all relevant stakeholders as well as the general public. We also identify the need to consider carefully the use of terminology and how this influences the understanding of the technology. Second, we elaborate on value sensitive design: the technology should be designed based upon the principles and values that emerge in the first step: societal dialogue. Third, research ethics deserves attention: for proceeding with first-in-human research with the technology, the process of recruiting and counseling eventual study participants and assuring their informed consent deserves careful attention. Fourth, ethical and legal research should concern the status of the subject in the AAPT. An eventual robust moral and legal framework for developing and implementing the technology in a research setting should combine all previous elements. With this roadmap, we emphasize the importance of stakeholder engagement throughout the process of developing and implementing the technology; this will contribute to ethically and responsibly innovating health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Verweij
- Division of Fetal Therapy, Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lien De Proost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith O E H van Laar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands.,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Lily Frank
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Marijn J Vermeulen
- Department of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Care4Neo, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - M Beatrijs van der Hout-van der Jagt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, Netherlands.,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Elselijn Kingma
- Department of Philosophy, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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