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Kumar M, Changan S, Tomar M, Prajapati U, Saurabh V, Hasan M, Sasi M, Maheshwari C, Singh S, Dhumal S, Radha, Thakur M, Punia S, Satankar V, Amarowicz R, Mekhemar M. Custard Apple ( Annona squamosa L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Biological Activities. Biomolecules 2021; 11:614. [PMID: 33919068 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Annona squamosa L. (custard apple) belongs to the family Annonaceae and is an important tropical fruit cultivated in the West Indies, South and Central America, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, India, Mexico, the Bahamas, Bermuda, and Egypt. Leaves of custard apple plants have been studied for their health benefits, which are attributed to a considerable diversity of phytochemicals. These compounds include phenol-based compounds, e.g., proanthocyanidins, comprising 18 different phenolic compounds, mainly alkaloids and flavonoids. Extracts from Annona squamosa leaves (ASLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiobesity, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotective functions. In the current article, we discussed the nutritional and phytochemical diversity of ASLs. Additionally, ASL extracts were discussed with respect to their biological activities, which were established by in vivo and in vitro experiments. A survey of the literature based on the phytochemical profile and health-promoting effects of ASLs showed that they can be used as potential ingredients for the development of pharmaceutical drugs and functional foods. Although there are sufficient findings available from in vitro and in vivo investigations, clinical trials are still needed to determine the exact effects of ASL extracts on human health.
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Kumar M, Saurabh V, Tomar M, Hasan M, Changan S, Sasi M, Maheshwari C, Prajapati U, Singh S, Prajapat RK, Dhumal S, Punia S, Amarowicz R, Mekhemar M. Mango ( Mangifera indica L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:299. [PMID: 33669341 PMCID: PMC7920260 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mangifera indica L. belongs to the family of Anacardiaceae and is an important fruit from South and Southeast Asia. India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and the Philippines are among the top mango producer countries. Leaves of the mango plant have been studied for their health benefits, which are attributed to a plethora of phytochemicals such as mangiferin, followed by phenolic acids, benzophenones, and other antioxidants such as flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and tocopherols. The extracts from mango leaves (MLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, hepato-protection, and anti-diarrheal. In the present review, we have elaborated on the nutritional and phytochemical profile of the MLs. Further, various bioactivities of the ML extracts are also critically discussed. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of the MLs, they can be used as a potential ingredient for the development of functional foods and pharmaceutical drugs. However, more detailed clinical trials still needed to be conducted for establishing the actual efficacy of the ML extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Vivek Saurabh
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.S.); (U.P.)
| | - Maharishi Tomar
- ICAR—Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India;
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India;
| | - Sushil Changan
- Division of Crop Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India;
| | - Minnu Sasi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Department of Agriculture Energy and Power, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462038, India;
| | - Uma Prajapati
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (V.S.); (U.P.)
| | - Surinder Singh
- Dr. S.S. Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India;
| | - Rakesh Kumar Prajapat
- School of Agriculture, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur 416004, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Sneh Punia
- Department of Food, Nutrition, & packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, Poland;
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Sarkar D, Walker-Swaney J, Shetty K. Food Diversity and Indigenous Food Systems to Combat Diet-Linked Chronic Diseases. Curr Dev Nutr 2020; 4:3-11. [PMID: 32258994 PMCID: PMC7101483 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving food and nutritional diversity based on the diversity of traditional plant-based foods is an important dietary strategy to address the challenges of rapidly emerging diet- and lifestyle-linked noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) of indigenous communities worldwide. Restoration of native ecosystems, revival of traditional food crop cultivation, and revival of traditional knowledge of food preparation, processing, and preservation are important steps to build dietary support strategies against an NCD epidemic of contemporary indigenous communities. Recent studies have indicated that many traditional plant-based foods of Native Americans provide a rich source of human health-relevant bioactive compounds with diverse health benefits. Based on this rationale of health benefits of traditional plant-based foods, the objective of this review is to present a state-of-the-art comprehensive framework for ecologically and culturally relevant sustainable strategies to restore and integrate the traditional plant food diversity of Native Americans to address the NCD challenges of indigenous and wider nonindigenous communities worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kalidas Shetty
- Global Institute of Food Security and International Agriculture, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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