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Ren Z, Zhang X, Fan H, Yu Y, Yao S, Wang Y, Dong Y, Deng H, Zuo Z, Deng Y, Wang Y, Xu Z, Deng J. Effects of different dietary protein levels on intestinal aquaporins in weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:541-555. [PMID: 35586975 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between changes in intestinal aquaporins (AQPs) in piglets fed diets with different protein levels and nutritional diarrhoea in piglets. Briefly, 96 weaned piglets were randomly divided into four groups fed diets with crude protein (CP) levels of 18%, 20%, 22% and 24%. The small intestines and colons of the weaned piglets were collected, and several experiments were conducted. In the small intestine, AQP4 protein expression was higher in weaned piglets fed the higher-CP diets (22% and 24% CP) than in those fed the 20% CP diet except at 72 h (p < 0.01). At 72 h, the AQP4 protein expression in the small intestine was lower in the 18% group than in the other three groups (p < 0.01). Under 20% CP feeding, AQP2, AQP4 and AQP9 protein expression in the colons of piglets peaked at certain time points. The AQP2 and AQP4 mRNA levels in the colon and the AQP4 and AQP4 mRNA levels in the distal colon were approximately consistent with the protein expression levels. However, the AQP9 mRNA content in the colon was highest in the 18% group, and the AQP2 mRNA content in the distal colon was significantly higher in the 24% group than in the 20% group. AQP2 and AQP4 were expressed mainly around columnar cells in the upper part of the smooth colonic intestinal villi, and AQP9 was expressed mainly on columnar cells and goblet cells in the colonic mucosa. In conclusion, 20% CP is beneficial to the normal expression of AQP4 in the small intestine, AQP2, AQP4 and AQP9 in the colon of weaned piglets, which in turn maintains the balance of intestinal water absorption and secretion in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Haoyue Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yueru Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shuhua Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiang Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Youtian Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ya Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease & Human Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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VinodhKumar OR, Singh BR, Sinha DK, Pruthvishree BS, Tamta S, Dubal ZB, Karthikeyan R, Rupner RN, Malik YS. Risk factor analysis, antimicrobial resistance and pathotyping of Escherichia coli associated with pre- and post-weaning piglet diarrhoea in organised farms, India. Epidemiol Infect 2019; 147:e174. [PMID: 31063100 PMCID: PMC6518820 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268819000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2014 to 2017 in 13 organised pig farms located in eight states of India (Northern, North-Eastern and Southern regions) to identify the risk factors, pathotype and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli associated with pre- and post-weaning piglet diarrhoea. The data collected through questionnaire survey were used to identify the risk factors by univariable analysis, in which weaning status, season, altitude, ventilation in the shed, use of heater/cooler for temperature control in the sheds, feed type, water source, and use of disinfectant, were the potential risk factors. In logistic regression model, weaning and source of water were the significant risk factors. The piglet diarrhoea prevalence was almost similar across the regions. Of the 909 faecal samples collected (North - 310, North-East - 194 and South - 405) for isolation of E. coli, pathotyping and antibiotic screening, 531 E. coli were isolated in MacConkey agar added with cefotaxime, where 345 isolates were extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers and were positive for blaCTX-M-1 (n = 147), bla TEM (n = 151), qnrA (n = 98), qnrB (n = 116), qnrS (n = 53), tetA (n = 46), tetB (n = 48) and sul1 (n = 54) genes. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index revealed that 14 (2.64%) isolates had MAR index of 1. On the virulence screening of E. coli, 174 isolates harboured alone or combination of Stx1, Stx2, eaeA, hlyA genes. The isolates from diarrhoeic and post-weaning samples harboured higher number of virulence genes than non-diarrhoeic and pre-weaning. Alleviating the risk factors might reduce the piglet diarrhoea cases. The presence of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing pathogenic E. coli in piglets appears a public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. R. VinodhKumar
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - B. R. Singh
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - D. K. Sinha
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - B. S. Pruthvishree
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Shika Tamta
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Z. B. Dubal
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - R. Karthikeyan
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ramkumar N. Rupner
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Y. S. Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR – Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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