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Zheng D, Liu D, Harris JB, Ding T, Si J, Andrew S, Qu D, Yang XQ, Qu D. Investigation of the Li-S Battery Mechanism by Real-Time Monitoring of the Changes of Sulfur and Polysulfide Species during the Discharge and Charge. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:4326-4332. [PMID: 27612389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the sulfur cathode in Li-S batteries has been proposed. It was revealed by the real-time quantitative determination of polysulfide species and elemental sulfur by means of high-performance liquid chromatography in the course of the discharge and recharge of a Li-S battery. A three-step reduction mechanism including two chemical equilibrium reactions was proposed for the sulfur cathode discharge. The typical two-plateau discharge curve for the sulfur cathode can be explained. A two-step oxidation mechanism for Li2S and Li2S2 with a single chemical equilibrium among soluble polysulfide ions was proposed. The chemical equilibrium among S52-, S62-, S72-, and S82- throughout the entire oxidation process resulted for a single flat recharge curve in Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Joshua B Harris
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Tianyao Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Jingyu Si
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Sergei Andrew
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Deyu Qu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Deyang Qu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
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