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Morang S, Bandyopadhyay A, Borah N, Kar A, Mandal BB, Karak N. Photoluminescent Self-Healable Waterborne Polyurethane/Mo and S Codoped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanocomposite with Bioimaging and Encryption Capability. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024; 7:1910-1924. [PMID: 38391158 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Creating polymers that combine various functions within a single system expands the potential applications of such polymeric materials. However, achieving polymer materials that possess simultaneously elevated strength, toughness, and self-healing capabilities, along with special properties, remains a significant challenge. The present study demonstrates the preparation of S and Mo codoped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) (Mo@S-CN) nanohybrid and the fabrication of self-healing waterborne polyurethane (SHWPU)/Mo@S-CN (SHWPU/NS) nanocomposites for advanced applications. Mo@S-CN is an intriguing combination of g-C3N4 nanosheets and molybdenum oxide (MoOx) nanorods, forming a complex lamellar structure. This unique arrangement significantly improves the inborn properties of SHWPU to an impressive degree, especially mechanical strength (28.37-34.11 MPa), fracture toughness (73.65-140.98 MJ m-2), and thermal stability (340.17-348.01 °C), and introduces fluorescence activity into the matrix. Interestingly, a representative SHWPU/NS0.5 film is so tough that a dumbbell of 15 kg, which is 53,003 times heavier than the weight of the film, can be successfully lifted without any significant crack. Remarkably, fluorescence activity is developed because of electronic excitations occurring within the repeating polymeric tris-triazine units of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid. This fascinating feature was effectively harnessed by assessing the usability of aqueous dispersions of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid and photoluminescent SHWPU/NS nanocomposites as sustainable stains for bioimaging of human dermal fibroblast cells and anticounterfeiting materials, respectively. The in vitro fluorescence tagging test showed blue emission from 365 nm excitation, green emission from 470 nm excitation, and red emission from 545 nm excitation. Most importantly, in vitro hemocompatibility assessment, in vitro cytocompatibility, cell proliferation assessment, and cellular morphology assessment supported the biocompatibility nature of the Mo@S-CN nanohybrid and SHWPU/NS nanocomposites. Thus, these materials can be used for advanced applications including bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiran Morang
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Nobomi Borah
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Annesha Kar
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Niranjan Karak
- Advanced Polymer and Nanomaterial Laboratory (APNL), Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
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Wu J, Wang H, Su Z, Zhang M, Hu X, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhong B, Zhou W, Liu J, Xing SG. Highly Flexible and Sensitive Wearable E-Skin Based on Graphite Nanoplatelet and Polyurethane Nanocomposite Films in Mass Industry Production Available. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:38745-38754. [PMID: 29037040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and nanomaterials based flexible pressure sensors R&D activities are becoming hot topics due to the huge marketing demand on wearable devices and electronic skin (E-Skin) to monitor the human body's actions for dedicated healthcare. Herein, we report a facile and efficient fabrication strategy to construct a new type of highly flexible and sensitive wearable E-Skin based on graphite nanoplates (GNP) and polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite films. The developed GNP/PU E-Skin sensors are highly flexible with good electrical conductivity due to their unique binary microstructures with synergistic interfacial characteristics, which are sensitive to both static and dynamic pressure variation, and can even accurately and quickly detect the pressure as low as 0.005 N/50 Pa and momentum as low as 1.9 mN·s with a gauge factor of 0.9 at the strain variation of up to 30%. Importantly, our GNP/PU E-Skin is also highly sensitive to finger bending and stretching with a linear correlation between the relative resistance change and the corresponding bending angles or elongation percentage. In addition, our E-Skin shows excellent sensitivity to voice vibration when exposed to a volunteer's voice vibration testing. Notably, the entire E-Skin fabrication process is scalable, low cost, and industrially available. Our complementary experiments with comprehensive results demonstrate that the developed GNP/PU E-Skin is impressively promising for practical healthcare applications in wearable devices, and enables us to monitor the real-world force signals in real-time and in-situ mode from pressing, hitting, bending, stretching, and voice vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Huatao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Zhiwei Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Ziao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Weiwei Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai , 2 West Wenhua Road, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Scott Guozhong Xing
- United Microelect Corp. Ltd. , 3 Pasir Ris Dr 12, Singapore 519528, Singapore
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