1
|
Huang HC, Ho HL, Chang CC, Chuang CL, Pun CK, Lee FY, Huang YH, Hou MC, Hsu SJ. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibition or deletion attenuates portal hypertension in rodents. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10073-10087. [PMID: 34647412 PMCID: PMC8572799 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension are accompanied by hyperdynamic circulation, angiogenesis and portosystemic collaterals. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in fibrogenesis and angiogenesis, however, whether they can be targeted in cirrhosis treatment is unclear. Therefore, we performed three series of experiments to investigate this issue. Liver cirrhosis was induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL) in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Sham‐operated rats served as controls. Rats were randomly allocated to receive vehicle, minocycline (a nonselective MMP inhibitor) or SB‐3CT (MMP‐2 and −9 inhibitor) for 28 days in the first and second series, respectively. MMP‐9 knockout mice were used in the third series. The results showed that minocycline ameliorated portal hypertension, hemodynamic abnormalities, reduced collateral shunting, mesenteric vascular density, plasma VEGF level and alleviated liver fibrosis. SB‐3CT attenuated portal hypertension, hemodynamic derangements, reduced shunting, mesenteric vascular density, mesenteric VEGF protein expression, and liver fibrosis. Knockout BDL mice had significantly alleviated portal hypertension, liver fibrosis, liver α‐SMA and mesenteric eNOS protein expressions compared to wild‐type BDL mice. Liver SMAD2 phosphorylation was down‐regulated in all series with MMP inhibition or knock‐out. In conclusion, MMP‐9 inhibition or deletion ameliorated the severity of cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and associated derangements. MMP‐9 may be targeted in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chun Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Ho
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Lin Chuang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chon Kit Pun
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Jung Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang T, Ho HL, Hsu SJ, Chang CC, Tsai MH, Huo TI, Huang HC, Lee FY, Hou MC, Lee SD. Glucobrassicin Metabolites Ameliorate the Development of Portal Hypertension and Cirrhosis in Bile Duct-Ligated Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174161. [PMID: 31454890 PMCID: PMC6747388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from liver cirrhosis are often complicated with the formation of portosystemic collateral vessels, which is associated with the progression of a splanchnic hyperdynamic circulatory state. Alleviating pathological angiogenesis has thus been proposed to be a feasible treatment strategy. Indole-3-carbinol (C9H9NO, I3C) and 3,3'-diindolymethane (DIM), formed by the breakdown of glucosinolate glucobrassicin, are prevalent in cruciferous vegetables and have anti-angiogenesis properties. We aimed to evaluate their influences on portal hypertension, the severity of mesenteric angiogenesis, and portosystemic collaterals in cirrhosis. Sprague-Dawley rats with common bile duct ligation (CBDL)-induced liver cirrhosis or sham operation (surgical control) were randomly allocated to receive I3C (20 mg/kg/3 day), DIM (5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 28 days. The systemic and portal hemodynamics, severity of portosystemic shunting, mesenteric angiogenesis, and mesenteric proangiogenic factors protein expressions were evaluated. Compared to vehicle, both DIM and I3C significantly reduced portal pressure, ameliorated liver fibrosis, and down-regulated mesenteric protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and phosphorylated Akt. DIM significantly down-regulated pErk, and I3C down-regulated NFκB, pIκBα protein expressions, and reduced portosystemic shunting degree. The cruciferous vegetable byproducts I3C and DIM not only exerted a portal hypotensive effect but also ameliorated abnormal angiogenesis and portosystemic collaterals in cirrhotic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chang
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Ho
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Lotong Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 26546, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Jung Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Chang
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Lotong Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 26546, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hung Tsai
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ia Huo
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hsu SJ, Lee JY, Lin TY, Hsieh YH, Huang HC, Lee FY, Lin HC, Hou MC, Lee SD. The beneficial effects of curcumin in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension. Biosci Rep. 2017;37:pii: BSR2017101. [PMID: 29162665 PMCID: PMC6435472 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension, the uneven distribution of vasoactive substances leads to increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and splanchnic vasodilatation. Angiogenesis also induces increased portal inflow and portosystemic collaterals. The collaterals may induce lethal complications such as gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage, but the therapeutic effect of vasoconstrictors is still suboptimal due to poor collateral vasoresponsivenss. Curcumin has aroused much attention for its antifibrosis, vasoactive, and anti-angiogenesis actions. However, whether it affects the aforementioned aspects is unknown. Liver cirrhosis was induced by common bile duct ligation (CBDL) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sham-operated rats were controls. CBDL and sham rats were randomly allocated to receive curcumin (600 mg/kg per day) or vehicle since the 15th day after BDL. On the 29th day, portal hypertension related parameters were surveyed. Portosystemic collateral in situ perfusion was performed to evaluate vascular activity. Chronic curcumin treatment decreased portal pressure (PP), cardiac index (CI) and increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in cirrhotic rats. In splanchnic system, curcumin decreased superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow and increased SMA resistance. Mesenteric angiogenesis was attenuated by curcumin. Acute administration of curcumin significantly induced splanchnic vasoconstriction. The mesenteric protein expressions of p-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 (COX2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p-VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and p-Erk were down-regulated. In collateral system, curcumin decreased portosystemic shunting and induced vasoconstriction. In conclusion, chronic curcumin administration in cirrhotic rats ameliorated portal hypertension related hemodynamic derangements and portosystemic collaterals. Curcumin also attenuated splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation by inducing vasoconstriction through inhibition of eNOS activation and by decreasing mesenteric angiogenesis via VEGF pathway blockade.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsu SJ, Lin TY, Wang SS, Chuang CL, Lee FY, Huang HC, Hsin IF, Lee JY, Lin HC, Lee SD. Endothelin receptor blockers reduce shunting and angiogenesis in cirrhotic rats. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:572-80. [PMID: 27091078 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in splanchnic hyperaemia and portosystemic collateral formation in cirrhosis. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor, has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. DESIGN This study aimed to survey the influences of ET-1 in cirrhosis-related angiogenesis. Common bile duct ligation was performed on Spraque-Dawley rats to induce cirrhosis. Since the 14th day after the operation, rats randomly received distilled water (DW, control), bosentan [a nonselective ET receptor (ETR) blocker] or ambrisentan (a selective ETA R blocker) for 4 weeks. On the 43rd day, portal and systemic haemodynamics, liver biochemistry, portosystemic shunting degree, mesenteric vascular density, mRNA and/or protein expressions of relevant angiogenic factors were evaluated. RESULTS In cirrhotic rats, bosentan significantly reduced portal pressure. Ambrisentan did not influence haemodynamics and liver biochemistry. Both of them significantly improved the severity of portosystemic collaterals and decreased the mesenteric vascular density. Compared with the DW-treated cirrhotic rats, splenorenal shunt and mesenteric inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expressions and mesenteric iNOS, COX2, VEGF, phospho-VEGF receptor 2, Akt and phospho-Akt protein expressions were down-regulated in both groups. CONCLUSIONS In rats with liver cirrhosis, both nonselective and selective ETA R blockade ameliorate the severity of portosystemic shunting and mesenteric angiogenesis via the down-regulation of VEGF pathway and relevant angiogenic factors. ET receptors may be targeted to control the severity of portosystemic collaterals and associated complications in cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jung Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yueh Lin
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sun-Sang Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Affair and Planning, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Lin Chuang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fa-Yauh Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Fang Hsin
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yi Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Dong Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee PC, Yang YY, Huang CS, Hsieh SL, Lee KC, Hsieh YC, Lee TY, Lin HC. Concomitant inhibition of oxidative stress and angiogenesis by chronic hydrogen-rich saline and N-acetylcysteine treatments improves systemic, splanchnic and hepatic hemodynamics of cirrhotic rats. Hepatol Res 2015; 45:578-88. [PMID: 24961937 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM In cirrhosis, increased oxidative stress leads to systemic and splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation, splanchnic angiogenesis, portosystemic collateral formation, hepatic endothelial dysfunction, increased intrahepatic resistance and the subsequent portal hypertension. Like N-acetylcysteine, hydrogen-rich saline is a new documented antioxidant with the potential to treat the complications of liver diseases. METHODS In this study, hemodynamics, splanchnic angiogenesis and hepatic endothelial dysfunction were measured in common bile duct ligation (BDL)-cirrhotic rats receiving 1-month treatment of vehicle, N-acetylcysteine and hydrogen-rich saline immediately after BDL. Additionally, acute effects of N-acetylcysteine and hydrogen-rich saline on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced tubule formation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were also evaluated. RESULTS The data indicate that 1-month treatment of N-acetylcysteine or hydrogen-rich saline significantly ameliorated systemic and splanchnic hyperdynamic circulation, corrected hepatic endothelial dysfunction, and decreased intrahepatic resistance and mesenteric angiogenesis by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, VEGF and reducing mesenteric oxidative stress in cirrhotic rats. In vivo studies revealed that acute co-incubation of N-acetylcysteine or hydrogen-rich saline with VEGF effectively suppressed VEGF-induced angiogenesis and migration of HUVEC accompanied by decreasing of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Both hydrogen-rich saline and N-acetylcysteine alleviate portal hypertension, the severity of portosystemic collaterals, mesenteric angiogenesis, hepatic endothelial dysfunction and intrahepatic resistance in cirrhotic rats. N-Acetylcysteine and the new antioxidant, hydrogen-rich saline are potential treatments for the complications of cirrhosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chang Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|