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Giridhara Prema S, Chandrasekaran J, Kanekar S, George M, Prasad TSK, Raju R, Dagamajalu S, Balaya RDA. Cisplatin and Procaterol Combination in Gastric Cancer? Targeting Checkpoint Kinase 1 for Cancer Drug Discovery and Repurposing by an Integrated Computational and Experimental Approach. OMICS 2024; 28:8-23. [PMID: 38190280 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a serine/threonine kinase, plays a crucial role in cell cycle arrest and is a promising therapeutic target for drug development against cancers. CHK1 coordinates cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA damage, facilitating repair of single-strand breaks, and maintains the genome integrity in response to replication stress. In this study, we employed an integrated computational and experimental approach to drug discovery and repurposing, aiming to identify a potent CHK1 inhibitor among existing drugs. An e-pharmacophore model was developed based on the three-dimensional crystal structure of the CHK1 protein in complex with CCT245737. This model, characterized by seven key molecular features, guided the screening of a library of drugs through molecular docking. The top 10% of scored ligands were further examined, with procaterol emerging as the leading candidate. Procaterol demonstrated interaction patterns with the CHK1 active site similar to CHK1 inhibitor (CCT245737), as shown by molecular dynamics analysis. Subsequent in vitro assays, including cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle analysis, were conducted on gastric adenocarcinoma cells treated with procaterol, both as a monotherapy and in combination with cisplatin. Procaterol, in synergy with cisplatin, significantly inhibited cell growth, suggesting a potentiated therapeutic effect. Thus, we propose the combined application of cisplatin and procaterol as a novel potential therapeutic strategy against human gastric cancer. The findings also highlight the relevance of CHK1 kinase as a drug target for enhancing the sensitivity of cytotoxic agents in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitha Giridhara Prema
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Jaikanth Chandrasekaran
- Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India
| | - Saptami Kanekar
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Mejo George
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | | | - Rajesh Raju
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Shobha Dagamajalu
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Sun C, Liu L, Luo X, Wang H, Ni S. Corrigendum: Case report: deterioration of infantile hemangioma related to oral or nebulized administration of β2-AR agonist: three cases reports. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1282607. [PMID: 37746293 PMCID: PMC10515650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1282607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1000099.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Sili Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Sun C, Liu L, Luo X, Wang H, Ni S. Case report: Deterioration of infantile hemangioma related to oral or nebulized administration of β2-AR agonist: Three cases reports. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1000099. [PMID: 36439407 PMCID: PMC9691007 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a benign vascular tumor, characterized by a unique sequence of non-linear growth and spontaneous involution. Some hemangiomas require intensive treatment to avoid functional and aesthetic insufficiency. Although β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonists have been increasingly used as the first-line treatment since 2008, the IH rebound still exists with uncertain mechanism. Here, we report three cases of abrupt IH deteriorations that are mainly related to β2-AR agonist administration. Potential IH proliferation induced by β2-AR agonists, especially from oral or nebulized approaches, should be recognized more widely by healthcare providers. Additionally, it is necessary to carry out large sample studies to analyze the influence of β2-AR agonist administration on the deterioration of IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Sili Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
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Liu H, Shin SH, Chen H, Liu T, Li Z, Hu Y, Liu F, Zhang C, Kim DJ, Liu K, Dong Z. CDK12 and PAK2 as novel therapeutic targets for human gastric cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:6201-6215. [PMID: 32483448 PMCID: PMC7255043 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death, and the third in mortality due to lack of effective therapeutic targets for late stage cancer patients. This study aims to identify potential druggable target biomarkers as potential therapeutic options for patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry of human gastric tumor tissues was conducted to determine the expression level of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12). Multiple in vitro and in vivo assays such as RNAi, mass spectrometry, computer docking models, kinase assays, cell xenograft NU/NU mouse models (CDXs) and patient-derived xenograft NOD/SCID mouse models (PDXs) were conducted to study the function and molecular interaction of CDK12 with p21 activated kinase 2 (PAK2), as well as to find CDK12 inhibitors as potential treatment options for human gastric cancer. Results: Here we identified that CDK12 is a driver gene in human gastric cancer growth. Mechanistically, CDK12 directly binds to and phosphorylates PAK2 at T134/T169 to activate MAPK signaling pathway. We further identified FDA approved clinical drug procaterol can serve as an effective CDK12 inhibitor, leading to dramatic restriction of cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in human gastric cancer cells and PDXs. Conclusions: Our data highlight the potential of CDK12/PAK2 as therapeutic targets for patients with gastric cancer, and we propose procaterol treatment as a novel therapeutic strategy for human gastric cancer.
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Nakanishi M, Kuriyama A, Onodera M. Persistent wheezing caused by carvedilol overdose in a non-asthmatic man. Acute Med Surg 2019; 7:e475. [PMID: 31988787 PMCID: PMC6971462 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular dysfunction is the main manifestation of β‐blocker intoxication; however, respiratory manifestations have rarely been reported. Case Presentation A 41‐year‐old man, who had ingested 300 mg carvedilol in a suicide attempt, was transferred to our emergency department. The patient had wheezing on arrival; however, he had no known history of bronchial asthma. In the absence of signs of heart failure, we gave the patient inhaled procaterol, a short‐acting β2 agonist. The wheezing disappeared approximately 60 h after carvedilol ingestion and did not recur thereafter. Conclusion We report a case of wheezing caused by carvedilol intoxication. Although rare, clinicians should recognize that wheezing or bronchospasm can develop following β‐blocker intoxication, for which a short‐acting β2 agonist could be indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misuzu Nakanishi
- Emergency and Critical Care Center Kurashiki Central Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Akira Kuriyama
- Emergency and Critical Care Center Kurashiki Central Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Mutsuo Onodera
- Emergency and Critical Care Center Kurashiki Central Hospital Okayama Japan
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Taniguchi A, Hayakawa M, Matsusawa M, Hayashi S. Inhaled procaterol for the treatment of transient tachypnea of the newborn. Pediatr Int 2018; 60:1014-1019. [PMID: 30246320 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a respiratory disorder that results from inadequate or delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid following delivery. At present, supportive care is generally practiced for the treatment of TTN. In this study, we focused on inhaled beta-agonists for the treatment of TTN, and the aim was to verify the efficacy and the safety of inhaled procaterol for the treatment of TTN. METHODS Inhaled procaterol or normal saline solution was administered to infants. Respiratory rate and mixed venous carbon dioxide (PvCO2 ) were evaluated as the primary outcomes. The duration of hospitalization, duration of oxygen therapy, and changes in respiratory support were evaluated as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Thirty-seven neonates diagnosed with TTN were randomly assigned to the procaterol group (n = 18) or the placebo group (n = 19). There were no differences in PvCO2 or respiratory rate between the two groups before and after intervention. Median duration of oxygen therapy (3 days; IQR, 3-6.5 days vs 2 days, IQR, 2-4.75 days; P = 0.13) and of hospitalization (15 days; IQR, 11.25-20 days vs 11 days, IQR, 8-15.5 days; P = 0.14) were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled procaterol was not effective for the treatment of TTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Taniguchi
- Department of Neonatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maiko Matsusawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Okazaki City Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiji Hayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Okazaki City Hospital, Aichi, Japan
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Shirai R, Suzaki Y, Sato K, Takeuchi Y, Tokimatsu I, Koga N, Kadota J, Ohashi K. Evaluation of Bioequivalence Between the New Procaterol Hydrochloride Hydrate Dry Powder Inhaler and the Approved Dry Powder Inhaler in Patients With Asthma in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Crossover Comparison Study: A Phase 3 Study. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2017; 7:392-399. [PMID: 28884969 PMCID: PMC5947263 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Procaterol hydrochloride hydrate (procaterol) is a β2‐adrenergic receptor agonist that induces a strong bronchodilatory effect. The procaterol dry powder inhaler (DPI) has been frequently used in patients with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We evaluated the bioequivalence and safety between the new procaterol DPI (new DPI) and the approved procaterol DPI (approved DPI). This study was a randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, crossover comparison to evaluate the pharmacodynamic equivalence of the new DPI and the approved DPI in patients with bronchial asthma. Primary efficacy variables were area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/h and maximum FEV1 during the 480‐minute measurement period. Patients were divided into 2 groups, New‐DPI‐First (n = 8) and Approved‐DPI‐First (n = 8), according to the investigational medical product that was administered first. Patients inhaled 20 μg of procaterol in each period. FEV1 was measured by a spirometer at predose and at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 480 minutes after each investigational medical product administration. Equivalence was evaluated by confirming that the 2‐sided 90%CIs for the difference between the new and the approved DPI in means of AUC (FEV1)/h and maximum FEV1 were within the acceptance criteria of –0.15 to 0.15 L. The difference in means of AUC (FEV1)/h and maximum FEV1 was 0.041 L and 0.033 L, respectively, and the 90%CI was 0.004 to 0.078 L and –0.008 to 0.074 L, respectively. These CIs were both within the acceptance criteria. The new DPI was assessed as being bioequivalent to the approved DPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Shirai
- Bungoono City Hospital, Oita, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzaki
- General Clinical Research Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Kyoko Sato
- General Clinical Research Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yuko Takeuchi
- General Clinical Research Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Issei Tokimatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.,Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Koga
- Department of Medical Affairs, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Junichi Kadota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Ohashi
- General Clinical Research Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan
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Burioka N, Nakamoto S, Amisaki T, Horie T, Shimizu E. A Modified Method for Examining the Walking Pattern and Pace of COPD Patients in a 6-min Walk Test Before and After the Inhalation of Procaterol. Intern Med 2017; 56:1949-1955. [PMID: 28768962 PMCID: PMC5577068 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.56.7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a simple test that is used to examine the exercise tolerance and outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although the 6MWT is useful for assessing exercise tolerance, it is difficult to evaluate time-dependent parameters such as the walking pattern. A modified 6MWT has been devised to assess the walking pattern by calculating the number of steps per second (NSPS). This study was performed to investigate walking pattern of COPD patients in the modified 6MWT before and after a single inhalation of the short-acting β2-agonist procaterol. Methods Nine male COPD patients participated in this study. The 6MWT was performed before and after the inhalation of procaterol hydrochloride. A digital video recording of the 6MWT was made. After the 6MWT, the number of steps walked by the subject in each 5-s period was counted manually with a hand counter while viewing the walking test on the video monitor. Results After the inhalation of procaterol, the 6-min walking distance increased significantly in comparison to baseline (p<0.01). The mean NSPS was also significantly increased after the inhalation of procaterol in comparison to baseline (p<0.01). The walking pattern was displayed on a graph of time versus NSPS, and the walking pace was shown by a graph of time versus cumulative steps. Conclusion The analysis of the COPD patients' walking test performance and their walking pattern and pace in the 6MWT may help to evaluate the effects of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Burioka
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sachiko Nakamoto
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Amisaki
- Department of Biological Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takuya Horie
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Fukunaga K, Kume H, Oguma T, Shigemori W, Tohda Y, Ogawa E, Nakano Y. Involvement of Ca 2+ Signaling in the Synergistic Effects between Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists and β₂-Adrenoceptor Agonists in Airway Smooth Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1590. [PMID: 27657061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) and short-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists (SABAs) play important roles in remedy for COPD. To propel a translational research for development of bronchodilator therapy, synergistic effects between SABAs with LAMAs were examined focused on Ca2+ signaling using simultaneous records of isometric tension and F340/F380 in fura-2-loaded tracheal smooth muscle. Glycopyrronium (3 nM), a LAMA, modestly reduced methacholine (1 μM)-induced contraction. When procaterol, salbutamol and SABAs were applied in the presence of glycopyrronium, relaxant effects of these SABAs are markedly enhanced, and percent inhibition of tension was much greater than the sum of those for each agent and those expected from the BI theory. In contrast, percent inhibition of F340/F380 was not greater than those values. Bisindolylmaleimide, an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), significantly increased the relaxant effect of LAMA without reducing F340/F380. Iberiotoxin, an inhibitor of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels, significantly suppressed the effects of these combined agents with reducing F340/F380. In conclusion, combination of SABAs with LAMAs synergistically enhances inhibition of muscarinic contraction via decreasing both Ca2+ sensitization mediated by PKC and Ca2+ dynamics mediated by KCa channels. PKC and KCa channels may be molecular targets for cross talk between β2-adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors.
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Bao W, Chen Q, Lin Y, Liu H, Zhao G, Chen Z, Zhou X. Efficacy of procaterol combined with inhaled budesonide for treatment of cough-variant asthma. Respirology 2014; 18 Suppl 3:53-61. [PMID: 24188204 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Procaterol, a selective, short-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist, is effective in treating 'classical' asthma, but its efficacy for cough-variant asthma (CVA) is unknown. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of procaterol combined with budesonide for CVA. METHODS A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial in China was conducted. One hundred and fifty-nine patients diagnosed with CVA (aged 18-75 years) were randomly divided into two groups to receive twice daily for 8 weeks, inhaled budesonide 100 μg plus either oral procaterol 25 μg or placebo. Primary and secondary efficacy variables were cough symptom severity scores and Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) life quality scores. Adverse events were also assessed. RESULTS The budesonide/placebo and budesonide/procaterol groups contained 80 and 78 participants (one excluded for later diagnosis of eosinophilic bronchitis), respectively, with similar baseline characteristics. Daily cough score declined during treatment in both groups and was lower in the budesonide/procaterol group at 8 (0.44 vs 0.73) and 10 (0.36 vs 0.69) weeks (P < 0.05). Compared with the budesonide/placebo group, the proportion of patients with a reduction of 3 points or greater (66% vs 42%) and that of patients scoring 0 points (63% vs 51%) was higher in the budesonide/procaterol group for daily cough scores (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, LCQ score improvement was superior in the budesonide/procaterol group (38.94 ± 19.24 vs 32.71 ± 18.92; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Procaterol combined with budesonide was well tolerated and effective at improving cough symptoms and quality of life in patients with CVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuping Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical efficacy of short-acting β(2)-agonists administered before performing daily activities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of supplementary inhaled procaterol hydrochloride in patients with COPD. METHODS Thirty outpatients with moderate to severe COPD (Stage II-IV) regularly using inhaled tiotropium bromide alone and with dyspnea during daily activities were enrolled. Subjects self-administered 20 μg of inhaled procaterol before daily activities no more than four times daily. Dyspnea symptom scores, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) activity domains, impulse oscillometry system parameters, and pulmonary function tests were recorded at the beginning and end of the 2-week study. RESULTS At baseline, more than 80% of subjects reported dyspnea when walking up a slope (100.0%), climbing stairs (100.0%), gardening (93.3%), walking on flat ground (90.0%), bathing (86.7%), getting on a bus or train (83.3%), and changing clothes (80.0%). After 2 weeks, subjects with Stage III symptoms had significantly improved dyspnea scores on walking up a slope (P = 0.047), climbing stairs (P = 0.014), gardening (P = 0.034), walking on flat ground (P = 0.006), getting on a bus or train (P = 0.039), and changing clothes (P = 0.045). Both symptom and activity SGRQ domains improved significantly in subjects with Stage III symptoms (P = 0.036 and P = 0.028, respectively). Resistance of small airways and low-frequency reactance area values improved significantly in subjects with Stage III symptoms (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). No significant changes were found in pulmonary function tests. CONCLUSION Use of supplementary inhaled procaterol before performing daily activities improved dyspnea symptoms in subjects with Stage III COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ohbayashi
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Tohno-Kousei Hospital, Gifu
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Koch A, Nasuhara Y, Barnes PJ, Lindsay MA, Giembycz MA. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 control Ca(2+)-independent force development in histamine-stimulated bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 131:981-9. [PMID: 11053220 PMCID: PMC1572419 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1 and ERK-2 in controlling histamine-induced tone in bovine trachealis was investigated. PD 098059, an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)-1, had no effect on the histamine concentration-response relationship that described contraction. However, in the presence of EGTA, PD 098059 produced a parallel 5 fold rightwards shift of the histamine concentration-response curve without reducing the maximum response. The beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, procaterol, also displaced the histamine-concentration response curve to the right but the effect was much greater than that evoked by PD 098059, non-competitive and seen in the absence and presence of EGTA. A low basal level of pERK-1 and pERK-2 was always detected in untreated trachealis, which was significantly higher in EGTA-treated tissues and inhibited by PD 098059 and procaterol. Histamine markedly enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK-1 and ERK-2 by a mechanism that was also enhanced by EGTA and significantly attenuated by procaterol and PD 098059. Neither cholera toxin nor SP:-8-Br-cAMPS mimicked the ability of procaterol to dephosphorylate ERK. Similarly, neither pertussis toxin (PTX) nor RP:-8-Br-cAMPS, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), affected basal pERK levels or antagonized the inhibitory effect of procaterol. These data implicate the MKK-1/ERK signalling cascade in Ca(2+)-independent, histamine-induced contraction of bovine trachealis. In addition, the ability of procaterol to dephosphorylate ERK in an RP:-8-Br-cAMPS- and PTX-insensitive manner suggests that this may contribute to the anti-spasmogenic activity of beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists by activating a novel PKA-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Koch
- Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY
| | - Yasuyuki Nasuhara
- Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY
| | - Mark A Lindsay
- Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY
| | - Mark A Giembycz
- Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY
- Author for correspondence:
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Abstract
1. The pharmacological features of rat white adipocyte beta-adrenoceptor subtypes were investigated by saturation and beta-agonist competition studies with [3H]-CGP 12177 and by lipolysis induced by beta-agonists as well as their inhibition by CGP 20712A (selective beta 1-antagonist) and ICI 118551 (selective beta 2-antagonist) in an attempt to establish a relationship between the functionality and binding capacity of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes. 2. Two populations of binding sites were identified on adipocyte membranes, one with high affinity (0.22 +/- 0.07 nM) and the other with low affinity (23 +/- 7 nM). The low affinity binding sites constituted 90% of the total binding sites. 3. The competition curves, with 15 nM [3H]-CGP 12177, for the beta-agonists, isoprenaline (Iso), noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (Ad), and the selective beta 3-agonist, BRL 37344 (BRL), were clearly biphasic (P < 0.001). The rank orders of agonist potency (pKi) in competing for [3H]-CGP 12177 high affinity and low affinity binding sites, respectively, were Iso (9.28 +/- 0.24) > NA (8.90 +/- 0.12) > Ad (8.65 +/- 0.12) > > BRL (4.53 +/- 0.17) and BRL (7.38 +/- 0.19) > > Iso (2.96 +/- 0.26) > or = NA (2.80 +/- 0.17) > Ad (2.10 +/- 0.11) indicating the expression of beta 1- and beta 3-adrenoceptor subtypes on rat white adipocytes, respectively. Inversely, competition studies with the selective beta 1-agonist, xamoterol (Xam), provided evidence for a single homogeneous population of binding sites with low density (81 +/- 9 fmol mg-1) and high pKi value (7.23 +/- 0.26) confirming the presence of beta 1-adrenoceptors. 4. To assess a possible contribution of the beta 2-subtype, procaterol (Proc), a selective beta 2-agonist, was used to compete with 2 nM [3H]-CGP 12177. A single low affinity (4.61 +/- 0.07) population of binding sites was identified. The density of these sites (71 +/- 12 fmol mg-1) was similar to the one obtained with Xam, suggesting that Proc displaced [3H]-CGP 12177 from the beta 1-subtype. 5. The functional potency (pD2) order with BRL (9.07 +/- 0.20) and catecholamines (Iso: 7.26 +/- 0.06, NA: 6.89 +/- 0.02 and Ad: 6.32 +/- 0.07) was the same as that found for the low affinity binding sites in competition studies. Xam induced lipolysis with greater potency than dobutamine (Dob), 6.31 +/- 0.06 and 5.66 +/- 0.10, respectively. Proc stimulated lipolysis with a low potency (5.59 +/- 0.21). 6. The lipolytic response to 0.001 microM BRL was inhibited by both, selective beta 1- and beta 2-antagonist, in a monophasic manner with low potencies (CGP 20712A pKi: < 4.5 and ICI 118551 pKi: 5.57 +/- 0.13). Similar monophasic profiles were obtained for inhibition of Xam- and Dob-induced lipolysis. In this case, CGP 20712A was more potent (> 10 times) than ICI 118551. The monophasic inhibition was also observed with ICI 118551 in the presence of 0.05 microM Iso or 0.13 microM NA. In contrast, two populations of sites were identified with CGP 20712A in the presence of Iso as well as NA. The pKi values for the first sites were 8.41 +/- 0.09 and 8.58 +/- 0.17, respectively, and for the second population of sites 4.73 +/- 0.22 and 4.27 +/- 0.27, respectively. The proportion of the first sites was low: 19 +/- 4 and 22 +/- 5%, respectively. Biphasic curves were obtained with both antagonists using 2.5 microM Proc (CGP 20712A: pKi1: 8.17 +/- 0.08, site1: 23 +/- 6%, pKi2: 4.77 +/- 0.14; ICI 118551: pKi1: 7.78 +/- 0.03, site1: 37 +/- 2%, pKi2: 5.35 +/- 0.25). 7. Our results show that the radioligand [3H]-CGP 12177 allows the characterization of beta 1- and beta 3-adrenoceptor subtypes on rat white adipocytes. Lipolysis is highly dependent on beta 1- and beta 3-adrenoceptors. Finally, binding and functional studies confirm that lipolysis is mainly driven by the beta 3-subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Germack
- Département de Biophysique et de Pharmacologie des Biosignaux, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Nord, Bobigny, France
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