1
|
Volpes G, Valenti S, Genova G, Barà C, Parisi A, Faes L, Busacca A, Pernice R. Wearable Ring-Shaped Biomedical Device for Physiological Monitoring through Finger-Based Acquisition of Electrocardiographic, Photoplethysmographic, and Galvanic Skin Response Signals: Design and Preliminary Measurements. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:205. [PMID: 38667198 PMCID: PMC11048376 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Wearable health devices (WHDs) are rapidly gaining ground in the biomedical field due to their ability to monitor the individual physiological state in everyday life scenarios, while providing a comfortable wear experience. This study introduces a novel wearable biomedical device capable of synchronously acquiring electrocardiographic (ECG), photoplethysmographic (PPG), galvanic skin response (GSR) and motion signals. The device has been specifically designed to be worn on a finger, enabling the acquisition of all biosignals directly on the fingertips, offering the significant advantage of being very comfortable and easy to be employed by the users. The simultaneous acquisition of different biosignals allows the extraction of important physiological indices, such as heart rate (HR) and its variability (HRV), pulse arrival time (PAT), GSR level, blood oxygenation level (SpO2), and respiratory rate, as well as motion detection, enabling the assessment of physiological states, together with the detection of potential physical and mental stress conditions. Preliminary measurements have been conducted on healthy subjects using a measurement protocol consisting of resting states (i.e., SUPINE and SIT) alternated with physiological stress conditions (i.e., STAND and WALK). Statistical analyses have been carried out among the distributions of the physiological indices extracted in time, frequency, and information domains, evaluated under different physiological conditions. The results of our analyses demonstrate the capability of the device to detect changes between rest and stress conditions, thereby encouraging its use for assessing individuals' physiological state. Furthermore, the possibility of performing synchronous acquisitions of PPG and ECG signals has allowed us to compare HRV and pulse rate variability (PRV) indices, so as to corroborate the reliability of PRV analysis under stationary physical conditions. Finally, the study confirms the already known limitations of wearable devices during physical activities, suggesting the use of algorithms for motion artifact correction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Riccardo Pernice
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 9, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (G.V.); (S.V.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.P.); (L.F.); (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
García Pagès E, Arza A, Lazaro J, Puig C, Castro T, Ottaviano M, Arredondo MT, Bernal ML, López-Antón R, Cámara CDL, Gil E, Laguna P, Bailón R, Aguiló J, Garzón-Rey JM. Psychosomatic response to acute emotional stress in healthy students. Front Physiol 2023; 13:960118. [PMID: 36699693 PMCID: PMC9870289 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.960118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The multidimensionality of the stress response has shown the complexity of this phenomenon and therefore the impossibility of finding a unique biomarker among the physiological variables related to stress. An experimental study was designed and performed to guarantee the correct synchronous and concurrent measure of psychometric tests, biochemical variables and physiological features related to acute emotional stress. The population studied corresponds to a group of 120 university students between 20 and 30 years of age, with healthy habits and without a diagnosis of chronic or psychiatric illnesses. Following the protocol of the experimental pilot, each participant reached a relaxing state and a stress state in two sessions of measurement for equivalent periods. Both states are correctly achieved evidenced by the psychometric test results and the biochemical variables. A Stress Reference Scale is proposed based on these two sets of variables. Then, aiming for a non-invasive and continuous approach, the Acute Stress Model correlated to the previous scale is also proposed, supported only by physiological signals. Preliminary results support the feasibility of measuring/quantifying the stress level. Although the results are limited to the population and stimulus type, the procedure and methodological analysis used for the assessment of acute stress in young people can be extrapolated to other populations and types of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther García Pagès
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB, Barcelona, Spain,*Correspondence: Esther García Pagès,
| | - Adriana Arza
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Carlos Puig
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thais Castro
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ottaviano
- Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Gil
- Universidad de Zaragoza, UZ, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Laguna
- Universidad de Zaragoza, UZ, Zaragoza, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailón
- Universidad de Zaragoza, UZ, Zaragoza, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Aguiló
- Universidad de Zaragoza, UZ, Zaragoza, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mueller-Graf F, Merz J, Bandorf T, Albus CF, Henkel M, Krukewitt L, Kühn V, Reuter S, Vollmar B, Pulletz S, Böhm SH, Reuter DA, Zitzmann A. Correlation of Pulse Wave Transit Time with Pulmonary Artery Pressure in a Porcine Model of Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1212. [PMID: 34572397 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the non-invasive assessment of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), surrogates like pulse wave transit time (PWTT) have been proposed. The aim of this study was to invasively validate for which kind of PAP (systolic, mean, or diastolic) PWTT is the best surrogate parameter. To assess both PWTT and PAP in six healthy pigs, two pulmonary artery Mikro-Tip™ catheters were inserted into the pulmonary vasculature at a fixed distance: one in the pulmonary artery trunk, and a second one in a distal segment of the pulmonary artery. PAP was raised using the thromboxane A2 analogue U46619 (TXA) and by hypoxic vasoconstriction. There was a negative linear correlation between PWTT and systolic PAP (r = 0.742), mean PAP (r = 0.712) and diastolic PAP (r = 0.609) under TXA. During hypoxic vasoconstriction, the correlation coefficients for systolic, mean, and diastolic PAP were consistently higher than for TXA-induced pulmonary hypertension (r = 0.809, 0.778 and 0.734, respectively). Estimation of sPAP, mPAP, and dPAP using PWTT is feasible, nevertheless slightly better correlation coefficients were detected for sPAP compared to dPAP. In this study we establish the physiological basis for future methods to obtain PAP by non-invasively measured PWTT.
Collapse
|