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Kaneko K, Tokuyama Y, Taniguchi E, Abe S, Nakato J, Iwakura H, Sato M, Kurabayashi A, Suzuki H, Ito A, Higuchi Y, Nakayama R, Uchiyama K, Takahashi H, Ohinata K. Rice Endoplasmic Protein-Derived Peptides, Rice-Ghretropins A and B, Stimulate Ghrelin Release in MGN3-1 Cells and Increase Plasma Acylated Ghrelin and Food Intake in Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:421-429. [PMID: 36580688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that novel rice-derived bioactive peptides promote the secretion of ghrelin, an endogenous orexigenic hormone secreted from the stomach. The enzymatic digest of rice endosperm protein with subtilisin, a microorganism-derived enzyme, stimulated acylated ghrelin secretion in the ghrelin-releasing cell line MGN3-1 and increased food intake after oral administration in mice. By performing a comprehensive analysis based on structure-activity relationships, we selected candidate peptides from over 30,000 peptides in the rice digest. Among them, we found that QAFEPIRSV and TNPWHSPRQGSF, corresponding to the amino acid sequence of the rice endoplasmic proteins glutelin A1 or A2(52-60) and B1 or B2(31-42), respectively, stimulated acylated ghrelin release in MGN3-1 cells. We named them rice-ghretropins A and B. Pyroglutamate formation of rice-ghretropin A, [pyr1]-rice-ghretropin A, also promoted ghrelin secretion. Furthermore, oral administration of rice-ghretropins increased food intake, plasma ghrelin concentration, and small intestinal transit in mice. In addition, the subtilisin digest of the rice protein significantly increased food intake for 4 h in 9 month-old (control: 0.61 ± 0.049 g; digest: 0.83 ± 0.059 g) and 24 month-old mice (control: 0.52 ± 0.067 g; digest: 1.01 ± 0.064 g). In summary, we found that novel bioactive peptides, namely, rice-ghretropins, from the enzymatic digest of rice endosperm stimulated acylated ghrelin secretion and increased food intake. This is the first report of rice-derived exogenous bioactive peptides that increase acylated ghrelin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kaneko
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuki Tokuyama
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Eriko Taniguchi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shimon Abe
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Junya Nakato
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwakura
- The First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 841-8509, Japan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Akira Ito
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Higuchi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Ryoko Nakayama
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kimiko Uchiyama
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Rice Research Institute, Kameda Seika CO., LTD. 3-1-1Kameda-kogyodanchi, Konan, Niigata, Niigata 950-0198, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohinata
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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