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Deng Y, Li C, Li Z, Zhang B. Dynamic and Full-Time Acquisition Technology and Method of Ice Data of Yellow River. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 22:176. [PMID: 35009720 PMCID: PMC8749779 DOI: 10.3390/s22010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regarding the ice periods of the Yellow River, it is difficult to obtain ice data information. To effectively grasp the ice evolution process in the ice periods of the typical reach of the Yellow River, a fixed-point air-coupled radar remote monitoring device is proposed in this paper. The device is mainly composed of an air-coupled radar ice thickness measurement sensor, radar water level measurement sensor, temperature measurement sensor, high-definition infrared night vision instrument, remote switch control, telemetry communication machine, solar and wind power supply, lightning protection, and slewing arm steel tower. The integrated monitoring device can monitor ice thickness, water level, air temperature, ice surface temperature, and other related parameters in real time. At present, devices have obtained the ice change process of fixed points in ice periods from 2020 to 2021. Through a comparison with manual data, the mean error of the monitoring results of the water level and ice thickness was approximately 1 cm. The device realizes the real-time monitoring of ice thickness and water level change in the whole cycle at the fixed position. Through video monitoring, it can take pictures and videos regularly and realize the connection between the visual river and monitoring data. The research results provide a new model and new technology for hydrological monitoring in the ice periods of the Yellow River, which has broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
- Research Center on Levee Safety Disaster Prevention, MWR, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Chunjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (C.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (C.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Baosen Zhang
- Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
- Research Center on Levee Safety Disaster Prevention, MWR, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Prowse T, Alfredsen K, Beltaos S, Bonsal BR, Bowden WB, Duguay CR, Korhola A, McNamara J, Vincent WF, Vuglinsky V, Walter Anthony KM, Weyhenmeyer GA. Effects of Changes in Arctic Lake and River Ice. Ambio 2011; 40:63-74. [PMCID: PMC3357771 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-011-0217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Climatic changes to freshwater ice in the Arctic are projected to produce a variety of effects on hydrologic, ecological, and socio-economic systems. Key hydrologic impacts include changes to low flows, lake evaporation regimes and water levels, and river-ice break-up severity and timing. The latter are of particular concern because of their effect on river geomorphology, vegetation, sediment and nutrient fluxes, and sustainment of riparian aquatic habitats. Changes in ice phenology will affect a wide range of related biological aspects of seasonality. Some changes are likely to be gradual, but others could be more abrupt as systems cross critical ecological thresholds. Transportation and hydroelectric production are two of the socio-economic sectors most vulnerable to change in freshwater-ice regimes. Ice roads will require expensive on-land replacements while hydroelectric operations will both benefit and be challenged. The ability to undertake some traditional harvesting methods will also be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Prowse
- Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Knut Alfredsen
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Spyros Beltaos
- Aquatic Ecosystem Impacts Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON L7R 4A6 Canada
| | - Barrie R. Bonsal
- Environment Canada, National Hydrology Research Centre, 11 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5 Canada
| | - William B. Bowden
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, 304 Aiken Center, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA
| | - Claude R. Duguay
- Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Atte Korhola
- Department of Environmental Sciences, ECRU, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jim McNamara
- Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, ID 83703 USA
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Département de Biologie & Centre d’Études Nordiques (CEN), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Valery Vuglinsky
- State Hydrological Institute, 2nd Line 23, St. Petersburg, 199053 Russian Federation
| | - Katey M. Walter Anthony
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, 306 Tanana Loop, Fairbanks, AK 99775-5960 USA
| | - Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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Prowse T, Alfredsen K, Beltaos S, Bonsal B, Duguay C, Korhola A, McNamara J, Vincent WF, Vuglinsky V, Weyhenmeyer GA. Arctic Freshwater Ice and Its Climatic Role. Ambio 2011; 40:46-52. [PMCID: PMC3357781 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-011-0214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ice dominates the Arctic terrestrial environment and significantly impacts bio-physical and socio-economic systems. Unlike other major cryospheric components that either blanket large expanses (e.g., snow, permafrost, sea ice) or are concentrated in specific locations, lake and river ice are interwoven into the terrestrial landscape through major flow and storage networks. For instance, the headwaters of large ice-covered rivers extend well beyond the Arctic while many northern lakes owe their genesis to broader cryospheric changes. The effects of freshwater ice on climate mostly occur at the local/regional scale, with the degree of influence dependent on the magnitude, timing, location, and duration of ice cover, and the size of the water body. Freshwater-ice formation, growth, decay, and break-up are influenced by climatic variables that control surface heat fluxes, but these differ markedly between lakes and rivers. Despite the importance of freshwater ice, there has been a recent reduction in observational recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Prowse
- Department of Geography, Environment Canada, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Knut Alfredsen
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, NTNU, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Spyros Beltaos
- Aquatic Ecosystem Impacts Research Division, Environment Canada, National Water Research Institute, 867 Lakeshore Rd., Burlington, ON L7R 4A6 Canada
| | - Barrie Bonsal
- Environment Canada, National Hydrology Research Centre, 11 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5 Canada
| | - Claude Duguay
- Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Atte Korhola
- Department of Environmental Sciences, ECRU, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), Helsinki, 00014 Finland
| | - Jim McNamara
- Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, ID 83703 USA
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Département de Biologie & Centre d’Études Nordiques (CEN), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Valery Vuglinsky
- State Hydrological Institute, 2nd Line 23, 199053 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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Olsen MS, Callaghan TV, Reist JD, Reiersen LO, Dahl-Jensen D, Granskog MA, Goodison B, Hovelsrud GK, Johansson M, Kallenborn R, Key J, Klepikov A, Meier W, Overland JE, Prowse TD, Sharp M, Vincent WF, Walsh J. The Changing Arctic Cryosphere and Likely Consequences: An Overview. Ambio 2011. [PMID: 0 PMCID: PMC3357772 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-011-0220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Arctic cryosphere is a critically important component of the earth system, affecting the energy balance, atmospheric and ocean circulation, freshwater storage, sea level, the storage, and release of large quantities of greenhouse gases, economy, infrastructure, health, and indigenous and non-indigenous livelihoods, culture and identity. Currently, components of the Arctic cryosphere are subjected to dramatic change due to global warming. The need to document, understand, project, and respond to changes in the cryosphere and their consequences stimulated a comprehensive international assessment called “SWIPA”: Snow, Water, Ice, Permafrost in the Arctic. Some of the extensive key SWIPA chapters have been summarized and made more widely available to a global audience with multi-disciplinary interests in this Special Report of Ambio. In this article, an overview is provided of this Special Report in the context of the more detailed and wider scope of the SWIPA Report. Accelerated changes in major components of the Arctic cryosphere are documented. Evidence of feedback mechanisms between the cryosphere and other parts of the climate system are identified as contributing factors to enhanced Arctic warming while the growing importance of Arctic land-based ice as a contributor to global sea-level rise is quantified. Cryospheric changes will result in multifaceted and cascading effects for people within and beyond the Arctic presenting both challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Olsen
- Danish Energy Agency, Amaliegade 44, 1256 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - J. D. Reist
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6 Canada
| | | | - D. Dahl-Jensen
- Niels Bohr Institutet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. A. Granskog
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - B. Goodison
- World Meteorological Organization, 7 bis, Avenue de la Paix, Case Postale 2300, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G. K. Hovelsrud
- Nordland Research Institute, P.O. Box 1490, 8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - M. Johansson
- Division of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Analyses, Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - R. Kallenborn
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science (IKBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), Christian Magnus Falsen vei 1, Postbox 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - J. Key
- NOAA/NESDIS, 1225 West Dayton Street, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Klepikov
- Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering Street, St. Petersburg, Russia 199397
| | - W. Meier
- NSIDC, University of Colorado, 449 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
| | - J. E. Overland
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, WA USA
| | - T. D. Prowse
- Environment Canada, Victoria, BC Canada
- Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - M. Sharp
- Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3 Canada
| | - W. F. Vincent
- Département de Biologie & Centre d’Études Nordiques (CEN), Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - J. Walsh
- International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK USA
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Prowse T, Alfredsen K, Beltaos S, Bonsal B, Duguay C, Korhola A, McNamara J, Pienitz R, Vincent WF, Vuglinsky V, Weyhenmeyer GA. Past and Future Changes in Arctic Lake and River Ice. Ambio 2011. [PMCID: PMC3357773 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-011-0216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Paleolimnological evidence from some Arctic lakes suggests that longer ice-free seasons have been experienced since the beginning of the nineteenth century. It has been inferred from some additional records that many Arctic lakes may have crossed an important ecological threshold as a result of recent warming. In the instrumental record, long-term trends exhibit increasingly later freeze-ups and earlier break-ups, closely corresponding to increasing air temperature trends, but with greater sensitivity at the more temperate latitudes. Broad spatial patterns in these trends are also related to major atmospheric circulation patterns. Future projections of lake ice indicate increasingly later freeze-ups and earlier break-ups, decreasing ice thickness, and changes in cover composition, particularly white-ice. For rivers, projected future decreases in south to north air-temperature gradients suggest that the severity of ice-jam flooding may be reduced but this could be mitigated by changes in the magnitude of spring snowmelt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Prowse
- Environment Canada, Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2 Canada
| | - Knut Alfredsen
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Spyros Beltaos
- National Water Research Institute, Aquatic Ecosystem Impacts Research Division Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6 Canada
| | - Barrie Bonsal
- National Hydrology Research Centre, Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5 Canada
| | - Claude Duguay
- Department of Geography & Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Atte Korhola
- Department of Environmental Sciences, ECRU, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jim McNamara
- 1910 University Dr., Boise State University, Boise, ID 83703 USA
| | - Reinhard Pienitz
- Dépt de Géographie & Centre d’Études Nordiques (CEN) Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1K 7P4 Canada
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Département de Biologie & Centre d’Études Nordiques (CEN), Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Valery Vuglinsky
- State Hydrological Institute, 2nd Line 23, St. Petersburg, 199053 Russian Federation
| | - Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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