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Li L, Li X, Chen Y, Yang Y, Wang N, Xu W. Identification and Functional Analysis of Cynoglossus semilaevis Z-Linked E3 Ubiquitin Ligase rnf34. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:311. [PMID: 38275772 PMCID: PMC10812492 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The high proportion of males in C. semilaevis hinders their industrial development. The genetic ZW individual can become a pseudomale by sex reversal. And the pseudomale can produce Z-sperm (with epigenetic information to cause sex reversal) while W-sperm is absent, which leads to an even higher male proportion in offspring. Recently, with the development of transcriptomic technologies, research on spermatogenesis in C. semilaevis has been focused on the ubiquitination pathway. In this study, we analyzed the function of the ubiquitin ligase rnf34 gene on the Z chromosome. A qPCR experiment showed that its expression level in the gonad was the highest among different tissues. In the ovary, the expression gradually increased with development from 40 days post-hatching (dph) to 1.5 years post-hatching (yph). In the testis, rnf34 showed increased expression from 40 dph to 6 months post-hatching (mpf) and stabilized up until 1.5 ypf. In situ hybridization showed that the mRNA of rnf34 was mainly distributed in the germ cells of the testis and the ovary. In vivo siRNA-mediated knockdown of the rnf34 gene in male fish affected the expression of a series of genes related to sex differentiation and spermatogenesis. These results provide genetic data on the molecular mechanisms of gonadal development and spermatogenesis in C. semilaevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihong Li
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yingming Yang
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Na Wang
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenteng Xu
- Function Laboratory for Marine Science and Food Production Process, Laoshan Laboratory, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao 266071, China
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Stein J, Klümper N, Zöhrer P, Büttner T, Krausewitz P, Ritter M, Kristiansen G, Toma M, Ellinger J, Cox A. Ring Finger Protein 34 ( RNF34) as a Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2024; 16:e53038. [PMID: 38410284 PMCID: PMC10895560 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ring finger proteins play pivotal roles in diverse cellular processes and are implicated in contribution to cancer. Ring finger protein 34 (RNF34) has antiapoptotic and oncogenic properties. RNF34 is upregulated during carcinogenesis and tumor progression in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and was already described to mediate chemoresistance. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), however, the role and expression patterns of RNF34 are unknown. METHODS First, we investigated the association of RNF34 mRNA expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ccRCC cohort (N = 533). To assess RNA34 protein expression, we performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of an established ccRCC cohort (University of Bonn) in a tissue microarray (TMA) format. This validation cohort contains 109 primary ccRCC samples. IHC data were associated with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival (Kaplan-Meier analysis). Adjustment for covariables was done using the Cox regression model. RESULTS RNF34 expression is correlated with adverse clinicopathological parameters. Survival analysis revealed an association between RNF34 expression and shortened survival. Cox regression analysis confirmed RNF34 expression as an independent prognostic parameter. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence for RNF34 as a prognostic biomarker in ccRCC and points toward a major role of this protein in renal cell carcinoma carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Stein
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Pirmin Zöhrer
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Thomas Büttner
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Philipp Krausewitz
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Marieta Toma
- Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
| | - Alexander Cox
- Urology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, DEU
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