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Yao TY, Wu WJ, Law KS, Lee MH, Chang SP, Lee DJ, Lin WH, Chen M, Ma GC. Prenatal Diagnosis of True Fetal Mosaicism with Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosome Derived from Chromosome 16 by Funipuncture and Molecular Cytogenetics Including Chromosome Microarray. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081457. [PMID: 34441391 PMCID: PMC8391486 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the molecular characterization of a prenatal case with true fetal mosaicism of small supernumerary marker chromosome 16 (sSMC(16)). A 41-year-old female underwent amniocentesis at 19 weeks of gestation due to advanced maternal age. Chromosomal analysis for cultured amniocytes revealed a karyotype of 47,XY,+mar[4]/46,XY[16]. Spectral karyotyping and metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated that the sSMC was derived from chromosome 16 (47,XY,+mar.ish der(16)(D16Z1+)[13/20]). Confined placental mosaicism was initially suspected because the prenatal ultrasound revealed a normal structure and the pregnancy was uneventful. However, interphase FISH of cord blood performed at 28 weeks of gestation showed 20% mosaicism of trisomy chromosome 16 (nuc ish(D16Z2×3)[40/200]). Chromosome microarray analysis further demonstrated 55% mosaicism of an 8.02 Mb segmental duplication at the subcentromeric region of 16p12.1p11.1 (arr[GRCh37] 16p12.1p11.1(27021975_35045499)×3[0.55]). The results demonstrated a true fetal mosaicism of sSMC(16) involving chromosome16p12.1p11.1 that is associated with chromosome 16p11.2 duplication syndrome (OMIM #614671). After non-directive genetic counseling, the couple opted for late termination of pregnancy. This case illustrated the use of multiple molecular cytogenetic tools to elucidate the origin and structure of sSMC, which is crucial for prenatal counseling, decision making, and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Yu Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (W.-J.W.)
| | - Wan-Ju Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (W.-J.W.)
- PhD Programs in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (S.-P.C.)
| | - Kim-Seng Law
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tung’s Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 43344, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35665, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsin University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (S.-P.C.)
| | - Shun-Ping Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (S.-P.C.)
| | - Dong-Jay Lee
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Hsiang Lin
- Welgene Biotechnology Company, Nangang Business Park, Taipei 11503, Taiwan;
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan; (T.-Y.Y.); (W.-J.W.)
- PhD Programs in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (S.-P.C.)
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10041, Taiwan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 51591, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Chin Ma
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50046, Taiwan; (M.-H.L.); (S.-P.C.)
- Research Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan;
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