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Semmler L, Naghilou A, Millesi F, Wolf S, Mann A, Stadlmayr S, Mero S, Ploszczanski L, Greutter L, Woehrer A, Placheta-Györi E, Vollrath F, Weiss T, Radtke C. Silk-in-Silk Nerve Guidance Conduits Enhance Regeneration in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203237. [PMID: 36683305 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Advanced nerve guidance conduits can provide an off-the-shelf alternative to autografts for the rehabilitation of segmental peripheral nerve injuries. In this study, the excellent processing ability of silk fibroin and the outstanding cell adhesion quality of spider dragline silk are combined to generate a silk-in-silk conduit for nerve repair. Fibroin-based silk conduits (SC) are characterized, and Schwann cells are seeded on the conduits and spider silk. Rat sciatic nerve (10 mm) defects are treated with an autograft (A), an empty SC, or a SC filled with longitudinally aligned spider silk fibers (SSC) for 14 weeks. Functional recovery, axonal re-growth, and re-myelination are assessed. The material characterizations determine a porous nature of the conduit. Schwann cells accept the conduit and spider silk as growth substrate. The in vivo results show a significantly faster functional regeneration of the A and SSC group compared to the SC group. In line with the functional results, the histomorphometrical analysis determines a comparable axon density of the A and SSC groups, which is significantly higher than the SC group. These findings demonstrate that the here introduced silk-in-silk nerve conduit achieves a similar regenerative performance as autografts largely due to the favorable guiding properties of spider dragline silk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Semmler
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, 1200, Austria
| | - Aida Naghilou
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Flavia Millesi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, 1200, Austria
| | - Sonja Wolf
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Anda Mann
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Sarah Stadlmayr
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Sascha Mero
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Leon Ploszczanski
- Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Medel-Straße 33, Vienna, 1180, Austria
| | - Lisa Greutter
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Adelheid Woehrer
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Eva Placheta-Györi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Fritz Vollrath
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd., Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Tamara Weiss
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, 1200, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, 1200, Austria
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2
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Umansky D, Hagen KM, Chu TH, Pathiyil RK, Alzahrani S, Ousman SS, Midha R. Functional Gait Assessment Using Manual, Semi-Automated and Deep Learning Approaches Following Standardized Models of Peripheral Nerve Injury in Mice. Biomolecules 2022; 12. [PMID: 36291564 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To develop a standardized model of stretch−crush sciatic nerve injury in mice, and to compare outcomes of crush and novel stretch−crush injuries using standard manual gait and sensory assays, and compare them to both semi-automated as well as deep-learning gait analysis methods. Methods: Initial studies in C57/Bl6 mice were used to develop crush and stretch−crush injury models followed by histologic analysis. In total, 12 eight-week-old 129S6/SvEvTac mice were used in a six-week behavioural study. Behavioral assessments using the von Frey monofilament test and gait analysis recorded on a DigiGait platform and analyzed through both Visual Gait Lab (VGL) deep learning and standardized sciatic functional index (SFI) measurements were evaluated weekly. At the termination of the study, neurophysiological nerve conduction velocities were recorded, calf muscle weight ratios measured and histological analyses performed. Results: Histological evidence confirmed more severe histomorphological injury in the stretch−crush injured group compared to the crush-only injured group at one week post-injury. Von Frey monofilament paw withdrawal was significant for both groups at week one compared to baseline (p < 0.05), but not between groups with return to baseline at week five. SFI showed hindered gait at week one and two for both groups, compared to baseline (p < 0.0001), with return to baseline at week five. Hind stance width (HSW) showed similar trends as von Frey monofilament test as well as SFI measurements, yet hind paw angle (HPA) peaked at week two. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), measured six weeks post-injury, at the termination of the study, did not show any significant difference between the two groups; yet, calf muscle weight measurements were significantly different between the two, with the stretch−crush group demonstrating a lower (poorer) weight ratio relative to uninjured contralateral legs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Stretch−crush injury achieved a more reproducible and constant injury compared to crush-only injuries, with at least a Sunderland grade 3 injury (perineurial interruption) in histological samples one week post-injury in the former. However, serial behavioral outcomes were comparable between the two crush groups, with similar kinetics of recovery by von Frey testing, SFI and certain VGL parameters, the latter reported for the first time in rodent peripheral nerve injury. Semi-automated and deep learning-based approaches for gait analysis are promising, but require further validation for evaluation in murine hind-limb nerve injuries.
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3
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Degrugillier L, Prautsch KM, Schaefer DJ, Guzman R, Schären S, Kalbermatten DF, Madduri S. A new model of chronic peripheral nerve compression for basic research and pharmaceutical drug testing. Regen Med 2021; 16:931-947. [PMID: 34553612 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a consistent model to standardize research in the field of chronic peripheral nerve neuropathy. Methods: The left sciatic nerve of 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats was compressed using a customized instrument leaving a defined post injury nerve lumen (400 μm, 250 μm, 100 μm, 0 μm) for 6 weeks. Sensory and motor outcomes were measured weekly, and histomorphology and electrophysiology after 6 weeks. Results: The findings demonstrated compression depth-dependent sensory and motor pathologies. Quantitative measurements revealed a significant myelin degeneration, axon irregularities and muscle atrophy. At the functional level, we highlighted the dynamics of the different injury profiles. Conclusion: Our novel model of chronic peripheral nerve compression is a useful tool for research on pathophysiology and new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Degrugillier
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic & Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland
| | - Katharina M Prautsch
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic & Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic & Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schären
- Department of Spinal Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Kalbermatten
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic & Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland.,Bioengineering & Neuroregeneration, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Srugery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic & Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4021, Switzerland.,Bioengineering & Neuroregeneration, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Srugery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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Zafar S, Rasul A, Iqbal J, Anwar H, Imran A, Jabeen F, Shabbir A, Akram R, Maqbool J, Sajid F, Arshad MU, Hussain G, Islam S. Calotropis procera (leaves) supplementation exerts curative effects on promoting functional recovery in a mouse model of peripheral nerve injury. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5016-5027. [PMID: 34532013 PMCID: PMC8441272 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are among those complicated medical conditions, which are still waiting for their highly effective first-line therapies. In this study, the role of Calotropis procera crude leaves was evaluated at different doses for their effectiveness in improving functional recovery following sciatic nerve injury-induced in the mouse model. Thirty-two healthy albino mice were divided into four groups as Normal chow group (control, n = 8) and C. procera chow groups (50 mg/kg (n = 8), 100 mg/kg (n = 8) and 200 mg/kg (n = 8)). Behavioral analyses were performed to assess and compare improved functional recovery along with skeletal muscle mass measurement in all groups. Serum samples were analyzed for oxidative stress markers. Results showed that C. procera leaves at dose-dependent manner showed statistically prominent (p < .05) increase in sensorimotor functions reclamation as confirmed by behavioral analyses along with muscle mass restoration and prominent decline in TOS and momentous increase in TAC along with the augmented activity of antioxidative enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamaila Zafar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of NeurologyAllied HospitalFaisalabad Medical UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Asghar Shabbir
- Department of BiosciencesCOMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
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Singh S, Srivastava AK, Baranwal AK, Bhatnagar A, Das KK, Jaiswal S, Behari S. Efficacy of Silicone Conduit in the Rat Sciatic Nerve Repair Model: Journey of a Thousand Miles. Neurol India 2021; 69:318-325. [PMID: 33904443 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.314576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background A lot of options have been tried for bridging the two ends of the injured nerves. Researchers have used decellularized nerve grafts, artificial materials and even nerve growth factors to augment functional recovery. These materials are either costly or inaccessible in developing world. Objective The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the silicone conduit in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Materials and Methods 24 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (250-300 grams; 8-10 weeks) were used and right sciatic nerve was exposed; transected and re-anastomosed by two different methods in 16 rats. In control group, n = 8 (Group I) the sciatic nerve was untouched; Group II (reverse nerve anastomosis, n = 8): 1-centimeter of nerve was cut and re-anastomosed by using 10-0 monofilament suture; Group III (silicone conduit, n = 8) 1-centimeter nerve segment was cut, replaced by silicone conduit and supplemented by fibrin glue]. Evaluation of nerve recovery was done functionally (pain threshold and sciatic functional index) over 3 months and histologically and electron microscopically. Results Functional results showed a trend of clinical improvement in Group III and II but recovery was poor and never reached up to normal. Histopathological and electron microscopic results showed an incomplete axonal regeneration in Groups II and III. Psychological analyses showed that no outwards signs of stress were present and none of the rats showed paw biting and teeth chattering. Conclusion The silicone conduit graft may be an economical and effective alternative to presently available interposition grafts, however for short segments only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul K Baranwal
- Veterinary Scientist, Animal House, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Bhatnagar
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuntal Kanti Das
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushila Jaiswal
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Behari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pop NL, Nan A, Urda-Cimpean AE, Florea A, Toma VA, Moldovan R, Decea N, Mitrea DR, Orasan R. Chitosan Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles to Provide Neural Regeneration and Recovery after Experimental Model Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury. Biomolecules 2021; 11:676. [PMID: 33946445 PMCID: PMC8147170 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Peripheral nerve injuries have a great impact on a patient's quality of life and a generally poor outcome regarding functional recovery. Lately, studies have focused on different types of nanoparticles and various natural substances for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. This is the case of chitosan, a natural compound from the crustaceans' exoskeleton. The present study proposes to combine chitosan benefic properties to the nanoparticles' ability to transport different substances to specific locations and evaluate the effects of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with chitosan (CMNPs) on peripheral nerve injuries' rehabilitation by using an in vivo experimental model. (2) Methods: CMNPs treatment was administrated daily, orally, for 21 days to rats subjected to right sciatic nerve lesion and compared to the control group (no treatment) by analyzing the sciatic functional index, pain level, body weight, serum nerve growth factor levels and histology, TEM and EDX analysis at different times during the study. (3) Results: Animals treated with CMNPs had a statistically significant functional outcome compared to the control group regarding: sciatic functional index, pain-like behavior, total body weight, which were confirmed by the histological and TEM images. (4) Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that CMNPs appear to be a promising treatment method for peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadina Liana Pop
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Street No. 1-3, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania; (N.L.P.); (R.M.); (N.D.); (R.O.)
| | - Alexandrina Nan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donath Street No. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania;
| | - Andrada Elena Urda-Cimpean
- Department of Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Pasteur Street No. 4-6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania;
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur Street No. 4-6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania;
| | - Vlad Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Babeș-Bolyai University, Clinicilor Street No. 4-6, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania;
- Institute of Biological Research, Republicii Street No. 48, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Street No. 1-3, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania; (N.L.P.); (R.M.); (N.D.); (R.O.)
| | - Nicoleta Decea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Street No. 1-3, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania; (N.L.P.); (R.M.); (N.D.); (R.O.)
| | - Daniela Rodica Mitrea
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Street No. 1-3, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania; (N.L.P.); (R.M.); (N.D.); (R.O.)
| | - Remus Orasan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Street No. 1-3, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania; (N.L.P.); (R.M.); (N.D.); (R.O.)
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7
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Zhang Y, Wang WT, Gong CR, Li C, Shi M. Combination of olfactory ensheathing cells and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promotes sciatic nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1903-1911. [PMID: 32246639 PMCID: PMC7513967 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.280330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are promising seed cells for nerve regeneration. However, their application is limited by the hypoxic environment usually present at the site of injury. Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to regulate the pathological processes that occur in response to hypoxia. The ability of OECs to migrate is unknown, especially in hypoxic conditions, and the effect of OECs combined with exosomes on peripheral nerve repair is not clear. Better understanding of these issues will enable the potential of OECs for the treatment of nerve injury to be addressed. In this study, OECs were acquired from the olfactory bulb of Sprague Dawley rats. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (0–400 μg/mL) were cultured with OECs for 12–48 hours. After culture with 400 μg/mL exosomes for 24 hours, the viability and proliferation of OECs were significantly increased. We observed changes to OECs subjected to hypoxia for 24 hours and treatment with exosomes. Exosomes significantly promoted the survival and migration of OECs in hypoxic conditions, and effectively increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene expression, protein levels and secretion. Finally, using a 12 mm left sciatic nerve defect rat model, we confirmed that OECs and exosomes can synergistically promote motor and sensory function of the injured sciatic nerve. These findings show that application of OECs and exosomes can promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Air Force Medical University, China (approval No. IACUC-20181004) on October 7, 2018; and collection and use of human umbilical cord specimens was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Linyi People’s Hospital, China (approval No. 30054) on May 20, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Rong Gong
- Rehabilitation Center, North District Hospital of the People's Hospital of Lin Yi City, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA general Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Huang MQ, Cao XY, Chen XY, Liu YF, Zhu SL, Sun ZL, Kong XB, Huo JR, Zhang S, Xu YQ. Saikosaponin a increases interleukin-10 expression and inhibits scar formation after sciatic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1650-1656. [PMID: 30127128 PMCID: PMC6126128 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.237139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve scarring after peripheral nerve injury can severely hamper nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Further, the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10, can inhibit nerve scar formation. Saikosaponin a (SSa) is a monomer molecule extracted from the Chinese medicine, Bupleurum. SSa can exert anti-inflammatory effects in spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. However, it has not been shown whether SSa can play a role in peripheral nerve injury. In this study, rats were randomly assigned to three groups. In the sham group, the left sciatic nerve was directly sutured after exposure. In the sciatic nerve injury (SNI) + SSa and SNI groups, the left sciatic nerve was sutured and continuously injected daily with SSa (10 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of saline for 7 days. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that at 7 days after injury, interleukin-10 level was considerably higher in the SNI + SSa group than in the SNI group. Masson staining and western blot assay demonstrated that at 8 weeks after injury, type I and III collagen content was lower and nerve scar formation was visibly less in the SNI + SSa group compared with the SNI group. Simultaneously, sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity were improved in the SNI + SSa group compared with the SNI group. These results confirm that SSa can increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor, interleukin-10, and reduce nerve scar formation to promote functional recovery of injured sciatic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qiang Huang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University; Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tinajin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xu-Yi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Fu Liu
- Science and Technology Experiment Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shuang-Long Zhu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University; Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tinajin, China
| | - Zhong-Lei Sun
- Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xian-Bin Kong
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Rui Huo
- Science and Technology Experiment Center, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Xu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University; Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tinajin, China
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Hu LN, Tian JX, Gao W, Zhu J, Mou FF, Ye XC, Liu YP, Lu PP, Shao SJ, Guo HD. Electroacupuncture and moxibustion promote regeneration of injured sciatic nerve through Schwann cell proliferation and nerve growth factor secretion. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:477-483. [PMID: 29623933 PMCID: PMC5900511 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Using electroacupuncture and moxibustion to treat peripheral nerve injury is highly efficient with low side effects. However, the electroacupuncture- and moxibustion-based mechanisms underlying nerve repair are still unclear. Here, in vivo and in vitro experiments uncovered one mechanism through which electroacupuncture and moxibustion affect regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. We first established rat models of sciatic nerve injury using neurotomy. Rats were treated with electroacupuncture or moxibustion at acupoints Huantiao (GB30) and Zusanli (ST36). Each treatment lasted 15 minutes, and treatments were given six times a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Behavioral testing was used to determine the sciatic functional index. We used electrophysiological detection to measure sciatic nerve conduction velocity and performed hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine any changes in the gastrocnemius muscle. We used immunohistochemistry to observe changes in the expression of S100—a specific marker for Schwann cells—and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect serum level of nerve growth factor. Results showed that compared with the model-only group, sciatic functional index, recovery rate of conduction velocity, diameter recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle fibers, number of S100-immunoreactive cells, and level of nerve growth factor were greater in the electroacupuncture and moxibustion groups. The efficacy did not differ between treatment groups. The serum from treated rats was collected and used to stimulate Schwann cells cultured in vitro. Results showed that the viability of Schwann cells was much higher in the treatment groups than in the model group at 3 and 5 days after treatment. These findings indicate that electroacupuncture and moxibustion promoted nerve regeneration and functional recovery; its mechanism might be associated with the enhancement of Schwann cell proliferation and upregulation of nerve growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Na Hu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Xin Tian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Changhang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Heze Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heze, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Fang Mou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Ye
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Pu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Ping Lu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shui-Jin Shao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Dong Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Fernandes M, Valente SG, Sabongi RG, Gomes dos Santos JB, Leite VM, Ulrich H, Nery AA, da Silva Fernandes MJ. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:100-104. [PMID: 29451213 PMCID: PMC5840974 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.224378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) is an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham (only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel (MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury, increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios (axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Fernandes
- Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Gomes Valente
- Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guerra Sabongi
- Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Baptista Gomes dos Santos
- Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vilnei Mattioli Leite
- Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arthur Andrade Nery
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria José da Silva Fernandes
- Division of Neurosciences, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Badri O, Shahabi P, Abdolalizadeh J, Alipour MR, Veladi H, Farhoudi M, Zak MS. Combination therapy using evening primrose oil and electrical stimulation to improve nerve function following a crush injury of sciatic nerve in male rats. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:458-463. [PMID: 28469662 PMCID: PMC5399725 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.202927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries with a poor prognosis are common. Evening primrose oil (EPO) has beneficial biological effects and immunomodulatory properties. Since electrical activity plays a major role in neural regeneration, the present study investigated the effects of electrical stimulation (ES), combined with evening primrose oil (EPO), on sciatic nerve function after a crush injury in rats. In anesthetized rats, the sciatic nerve was crushed using small haemostatic forceps followed by ES and/or EPO treatment for 4 weeks. Functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was assessed using the sciatic functional index. Histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle atrophy were investigated by light microscopy. Electrophysiological changes were assessed by the nerve conduction velocity of sciatic nerves. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the remyelination of the sciatic nerve following the interventions. EPO + ES, EPO, and ES obviously improved sciatic nerve function assessed by the sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 28 days after operation. Expression of the peripheral nerve remyelination marker, protein zero (P0), was increased in the treatment groups at 28 days after operation. Muscle atrophy severity was decreased significantly while the nerve conduction velocity was increased significantly in rats with sciatic nerve injury in the injury + EPO + ES group than in the EPO or ES group. Totally speaking, the combined use of EPO and ES may produce an improving effect on the function of sciatic nerves injured by a crush. The increased expression of P0 may have contributed to improving the functional effects of combination therapy with EPO and ES as well as the electrophysiological and histopathological features of the injured peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Badri
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch Aras, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Abdolalizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Veladi
- Microsystem Fabrication Laboratory, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharif Zak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Barbosa RA, Nunes TLGM, Nunes TLGM, da Paixão AO, Belo Neto R, Moura S, Albuquerque Junior RLC, Cândido EAF, Padilha FF, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Gomes MZ, Cardoso JC. Hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis promotes functional recovery and axon repair after sciatic nerve injury in rats. Pharm Biol 2015; 54:993-1004. [PMID: 26511070 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1091844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Peripheral axon injury and degeneration are often mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. The hydroalcoholic extract of the red propolis (HERP) has attracted great attention because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work is to study the effect of HERP on nerve repair and functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury (SNI) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical markers in HERP were identified using high-resolution mass spectroscopy. After axonotmesis of sciatic nerve, ibuprofen (IBP) and HERP treatments were orally administered for 28 d. Behavioural tests were performed weekly after SNI. The myelinated axon number was counted using morphometric analysis. RESULTS The compounds found in HERP were pinocembrin, formononetin, vestitol, and biochanin A. The animals that underwent SNI showed a significant decrease in motor function based on the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scale and sciatic functional index compared with sham animals until 7 d after the surgery (p < 0.05). After 14 and 21 d, the SNI groups treated with either HERP or IBP showed significant improvement (p < 0.01), and the SNI group treated with HERP 10 mg/kg showed accelerated motor recovery compared with the other groups (p < 0.01). SNI caused also a reduction in the myelinated axon counts, and treatment with HERP 10 mg/kg induced a significant increase in the number of myelinated fibres compared with all other groups. CONCLUSION HERP promoted regenerative responses and accelerated functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush. Thus, it can be considered to be a new strategy or complementary therapy for treating nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Reinaldo Belo Neto
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- b Department of Technology, University of Caxias Do Sul , Caxias Do Sul , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti Albuquerque Junior
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
- c Department of Biomaterials, Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute (ITP) , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Edna Aragão Farias Cândido
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
- c Department of Biomaterials, Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute (ITP) , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Francine Ferreira Padilha
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
- c Department of Biomaterials, Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute (ITP) , Aracaju , Brazil
| | | | - Margarete Zanardo Gomes
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
- c Department of Biomaterials, Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute (ITP) , Aracaju , Brazil
| | - Juliana Cordeiro Cardoso
- a Department of Healthy and Environment, Tiradentes University , Aracaju , Brazil
- c Department of Biomaterials, Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute (ITP) , Aracaju , Brazil
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13
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Abstract
CONTEXT Curcumin exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities which include neuroprotective, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluates the effect of curcumin in vincristine-induced neuropathy in a mice model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Vincristine sulfate (0.1 mg/kg, i.p. for 10 consecutive days) was administered to mice to induce neuropathy. Pain behavior was assessed at different days, i.e., 0, 7, 10, and 14 d. Sciatic nerve total calcium, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were also estimated after the 14th day of study. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and curcumin (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered for 14 consecutive days. RESULTS Curcumin at 60 mg/kg significantly attenuated the vincristine-induced neuropathic pain manifestations in terms of thermal hyperalgesia (p < 0.001) and allodynia (p < 0.001); mechanical hyperalgesia (p < 0.001); functional loss (p < 0.001); and in the delayed phase of formalin test (p < 0.001). Curcumin at 30 and 60 mg/kg exhibited significant changes (p < 0.001) in antioxidant levels and in total calcium levels in vincristine-injected mice. CONCLUSION Curcumin at 30 and 60 mg/kg dose levels significantly attenuated vincristine-induced neuropathy which may be due to its multiple actions including antinociceptive, calcium inhibitory, and antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy , Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu , India
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Alipour M, Mohsen A, Gadiri-Soufi F, Farhad GS, Jafari MR, Mohammad-Reza J. Effect of aminoguanidine on sciatic functional index, oxidative stress, and rate of apoptosis in an experimental rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:1013-9. [PMID: 25391296 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effects of aminoguanidine (AG) on sciatic functional index (SFI), oxidative stress status, and apoptosis index using a rat model of experimental sciatic nerve ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R). Treatment groups received 150 mg AG/kg body mass, 24 h after the induction of ischemia. After reperfusion for 2, 4, 7, 14, and 28 days, we evaluated measured SFI, plasma antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and index of apoptosis. SFI was significantly improved on the 7th and 14th day of reperfusion in the AG-treated groups. AG treatment resulted in the significant reduction of MDA levels on the 7th and 14th day of reperfusion. TAC was only increased after 7 days of reperfusion compared with the untreated group. SOD activity was decreased in both the untreated and AG-treated groups by comparison with the control, but did not show a significant change. GPx activity decreased only after 7 days of reperfusion. The maximal rate of apoptosis occurred on the 7th day of reperfusion. Treatment with AG significantly reduced this enhancement. AG exhibits positive effects against sciatic nerve I/R injury, possibly in part because of the protective effects of AG against apoptosis and I/R-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alipour Mohsen
- a Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kramandan, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 4513956111, Islamic Republic of Iran
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15
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Kaya Y, Sarikcioglu L, Yildirim FB, Aslan M, Demir N. Does circadian rhythm disruption induced by light-at-night has beneficial effect of melatonin on sciatic nerve injury? J Chem Neuroanat 2013; 53:18-24. [PMID: 23969081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin stimulates peripheral nerve regeneration. However, the precise effect of Melatonin on nerve repair in dark period have not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on sciatic nerve injury after melatonin was given to rats in the morning or evening by means of combined analysis. This is the first study to investigate the influence of melatonin on sciatic nerve in cut injury two different times of the day. 60 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control (Group 1), sham-operated (Group 2), sciatic nerve cut+melatonin treatment in light (Group 3), sciatic nerve cut+melatonin treatment in dark (Group 4). Melatonin was administered intraperitoneally at dose of 50 mg/kg/day for six weeks. Recovery of function was analyzed by structural (biochemical properties of the antioxidant levels and ultrastructural analysis) and functional analyses (Sciatic function index, pinch test). The data demonstrated beneficial effect of melatonin in light period. However significant beneficial effect of melatonin was detected on the recovery of the cut sciatic nerve in dark period. Melatonin treatment was unable to influence on the recovery of the cut sciatic nerve in dark period. This means that the effect of melatonin the recovery of the cut injured sciatic nerve depends on the time of treatment may be attributed to its circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Kaya
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, 07070 Antalya, Turkey.
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16
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Kim YP, Lee GS, Kim JW, Kim MS, Ahn HS, Lim JY, Kim HW, Son YJ, Knowles JC, Hyun JK. Phosphate glass fibres promote neurite outgrowth and early regeneration in a peripheral nerve injury model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012; 9:236-46. [PMID: 23038678 DOI: 10.1002/term.1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, which are bioactive and aid in neuronal guidance, are essential in the repair and regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. In this study, we used novel inorganic microfibres guided by phosphate glass (PG). PG fibres (PGfs) were aligned on compressed collagen that was rolled into a nerve conduit. In vitro tests confirmed that adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons showed active neurite outgrowth along the fibres, with a maximum number and length of neurites being significantly higher than those cultured on tissue culture plastic. In vivo experiments with nerve conduits that either contained PGfs (PGf/Col) or lacked them (Col) were conducted on transected sciatic nerves of rats for up to 12 weeks. One week after implantation, the PGf/Col group showed many axons extending along the scaffold, whereas the Col group showed none. Eight weeks after implantation, the PGf/Col group exhibited greater recovery of plantar muscle atrophy than the Col group. Electrophysiological studies revealed that some animals in the PGf/Col group at 6 and 7 weeks post-implantation (5.3% and 15.8%, respectively) showed compound muscle action potential. The Col group over the same period showed no response. Motor function also showed faster recovery in the PGf/Col group compared to the Col group up to 7 weeks. However, there was no significant difference in the number of axons, muscle atrophy or motor and sensory functions between the two groups at 12 weeks post-implantation. In summary, phosphate glass fibres can promote directional growth of axons in cases of peripheral nerve injury by acting as physical guides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Phil Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Zhong J, Dietzel ID, Wahle P, Kopf M, Heumann R. Sensory impairments and delayed regeneration of sensory axons in interleukin-6-deficient mice. J Neurosci 1999; 19:4305-13. [PMID: 10341234 PMCID: PMC6782624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine mediating inflammatory or immune reactions. Here we investigated the possible role of IL-6 in the intact or lesioned peripheral nervous system using adult IL-6 gene knockout (IL-6(-/-)) mice. Various sensory functions were tested by applying electrophysiological, morphological, biochemical, and behavioral methods. There was a 60% reduction of the compound action potential of the sensory branch of IL-6(-/-) mice as compared with the motor branch in the intact sciatic nerve. Cross sections of L5 DRG of IL-6(-/-) mice showed a shift in the relative size distribution of the neurons. The temperature sensitivity of IL-6(-/-) mice was also significantly reduced. After crush lesion of the sciatic nerve, its functional recovery was delayed in IL-6(-/-) mice as analyzed from a behavioral footprint assay. Measurements of compound action potentials 20 d after crush lesion showed that there was a very low level of recovery of the sensory but not of the motor branch of IL-6(-/-) mice. Similar results of sensory impairments were obtained with mice showing slow Wallerian degeneration (Wlds) and a delayed lesion-induced recruitment of macrophages. However, in contrast to WldS mice, in IL-6(-/-) mice we observed the characteristic lesion-induced invasion of macrophages and the upregulation of low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75LNTR) mRNA levels identical to those of IL-6(+/+) mice. Thus, the mechanisms leading to the common sensory deficiencies were different between IL-6(-/-) and WldS mice. Altogether, the results suggest that interleukin-6 is essential to modulate sensory functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhong
- Lehrstuhl für Molekulare Neurobiochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum Germany
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