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Ribas LE, Gasser FB, Baravalle ME, Renna MS, Perello A, Savino GH, Ortega HH, Van de Velde F, Hein GJ. Cytotoxic, antioxidant, and cytoprotective properties of polyphenol-enriched extracts from pecan nutshells in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1442-1450. [PMID: 37933894 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds present in plants have demonstrated several biological properties such as antioxidant, antitumor, cardioprotective, and antiproliferative. On the other hand, doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic widely used to treat breast cancer, usually exhibits chronic cardiotoxicity associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, we aimed to study the effects of phenolic compound-enriched extract (PCEE) with doxorubicin in breast cancer. To achieve this, after an SPE-C18 -column purification process of crude extracts obtained from pecan nutshells (Carya illinoinensis), the resulting PCEE was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties against the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and the normal-hamster ovary cell line CHO-K1. PCEE was selectively cytotoxic against both cell lines, with an IC50 value (≈26.34 mg/L) for MDA-MB-231 lower than that obtained for CHO-K1 (≈55.63 mg/L). As a cytotoxic mechanism, PCEE inhibited cell growth by G2/M cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. Simultaneously, the study of the antioxidant activity showed that PCEE had a cytoprotective effect, evidenced by reduced ROS production in cells with oxidative stress caused by doxorubicin. The results highlight PCEE as a potential antitumor agent, thus revaluing it as an agro-industrial residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E Ribas
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Fátima B Gasser
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - María E Baravalle
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Maria S Renna
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Adriana Perello
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Graciela H Savino
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Hugo H Ortega
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Franco Van de Velde
- Instituto de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gustavo J Hein
- Centro Universitario Gálvez, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Argentina
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Li F, Wang S, He Q, Zhang W, Guo D, Zhang Y, Hai W, Sun Y, Dong H, Hou W. Minerals Determined a Special Ecological Niche and Selectively Enriched Microbial Species from Bulk Water Communities in Hot Springs. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1020. [PMID: 34068582 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Minerals provide physical niches and supply nutrients or serve as electron donors/acceptors for microorganism survival and growth, and thus minerals and microbes co-evolved. Yet, little is known about how sediment minerals impact microbial community assembly in hot springs and to what extent mineralogical composition influences microbial community composition and diversity. Here the influences of minerals on thermophiles in Tengchong hot springs were revealed by network analysis of field samples, as well as in-situ microcosm experiments with minerals. A molecular ecological network was constructed based on high throughput sequencing data of 16S rRNA gene, with a combination of water geochemistry and sedimentary mineralogical compositions. Six modules were identified and this highly modular network structure represents the microbial preference to different abiotic factors, consequently resulting in niche partitioning in sedimentary communities in hot springs. Diverse mineralogical compositions generated special niches for microbial species. Subsequently, the in-situ microcosm experiments with four minerals (aragonite, albite, K-feldspar, and quartz) and spring water were conducted in a silicate-hosted alkaline spring (i.e., Gmq) and a carbonate-hosted neutral hot spring (i.e., Gxs) for 70 days. Different microbial preferences were observed among different mineral types (carbonate versus silicate). Aragonite microcosms in Gmq spring enriched archaeal genera Sulfophobococcus and Aeropyrum within the order Desulfurococcales by comparison with both in-situ water and silicate microcosms. Sulfophobococcus was also accumulated in Gxs aragonite microcosms, but the contribution to overall dissimilarity is much lower than that in Gmq spring. Besides, Caldimicrobium was a bacterial genus enriched in Gxs aragonite microcosms, in contrast to in-situ water and silicate microcosms, whereas Candidatus Kryptobacter and Thermus were more abundant in silicate microcosms. The differences in microbial accumulations among different mineral types in the same spring implied that mineral chemistry may exert extra deterministic selective pressure in drawing certain species from the bulk water communities, in addition to stochastic absorption on mineral surface. Taken together, our results highlight the special niche partitioning determined by mineralogical compositions and further confirm that minerals could be used as “fishing bait” to enrich certain rare microbial species.
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Ben-Efraim S, Komlos L, Notmann J, Hart J, Halbrecht I. In vitro selective effect of melphalan on human T-cell populations. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1985; 19:53-6. [PMID: 3156668 PMCID: PMC11039287 DOI: 10.1007/bf00199312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/1984] [Accepted: 10/16/1984] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In vitro treatment with 2 micrograms/2 X 10(6) cells melphalan (L-PAM: L-phenylalanine mustard) significantly decreased the total number of T lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBL) of healthy human donors and of the OKT4 population (precursor suppressor/helper/inducer) T cells as defined by monoclonal antibodies OKT3 and OKT4, respectively. No changes in the OKT+8 lymphocyte population (cytotoxic/mature suppressor cells) were observed following the same treatment. Preincubation of PBL with L-PAM at concentrations that do not affect the rate of DNA synthesis in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes inhibited the generation of T suppressor lymphocytes by ConA, as shown by their effect on PHA stimulation. Treatment of allogeneic PBL with L-PAM had no effect on mature suppressor T cells already induced by ConA, as shown by incubation of PBL with L-PAM after incubation with ConA.
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