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Kovilakath A, Mauro AG, Valentine Y, Raucci F, Jamil M, Carter C, Thompson J, Chen Q, Gisela B, Yue Y, Allegood J, Wang XX, Dail J, Devarakonda T, Myakala K, Windle JJ, Subler MA, Montefusco D, Willard B, Javaheri A, Bernas T, Mahata SK, Levi M, Liu J, Porter GA, Lesnefsky EJ, Salloum FN, Cowart LA. SPTLC3 Is Essential for Complex I Activity and Contributes to Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2024. [PMID: 38660786 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated metabolism of bioactive sphingolipids, including ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate, has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, although the specific species, disease contexts, and cellular roles are not completely understood. Sphingolipids are produced by the serine palmitoyltransferase enzyme, canonically composed of 2 subunits, SPTLC1 (serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1) and SPTLC2 (serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 2). Noncanonical sphingolipids are produced by a more recently described subunit, SPTLC3 (serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 3). METHODS The noncanonical (d16) and canonical (d18) sphingolipidome profiles in cardiac tissues of patients with end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy and in mice with ischemic cardiomyopathy were analyzed by targeted lipidomics. Regulation of SPTLC3 by HIF1α under ischemic conditions was determined with chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcriptomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, echocardiography, mitochondrial electron transport chain, mitochondrial membrane fluidity, and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed in the cSPTLC3KO transgenic mice we generated. Furthermore, morphological and functional studies were performed on cSPTLC3KO mice subjected to permanent nonreperfused myocardial infarction. RESULTS Herein, we report that SPTLC3 is induced in both human and mouse models of ischemic cardiomyopathy and leads to production of atypical sphingolipids bearing 16-carbon sphingoid bases, resulting in broad changes in cell sphingolipid composition. This induction is in part attributable to transcriptional regulation by HIF1α under ischemic conditions. Furthermore, cardiomyocyte-specific depletion of SPTLC3 in mice attenuates oxidative stress, fibrosis, and hypertrophy in chronic ischemia, and mice demonstrate improved cardiac function and increased survival along with increased ketone and glucose substrate metabolism utilization. Depletion of SPTLC3 mechanistically alters the membrane environment and subunit composition of mitochondrial complex I of the electron transport chain, decreasing its activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a novel essential role for SPTLC3 in electron transport chain function and a contribution to ischemic injury by regulating complex I activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (A.K., M.J., J.J.W., M.A.S.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Adolfo G Mauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
| | - Yolander Valentine
- C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research (Y.V.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Frank Raucci
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology (F.R.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Maryam Jamil
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (A.K., M.J., J.J.W., M.A.S.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Christiane Carter
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.C., J.L.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Jeremy Thompson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
| | | | - Yang Yue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Jeremy Allegood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Xiaoxin X Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (X.X.W., K.M., M.L.)
| | - Jordan Dail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Teja Devarakonda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (T.D., E.J.L.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
| | - Komuraiah Myakala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (X.X.W., K.M., M.L.)
| | - Jolene J Windle
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (A.K., M.J., J.J.W., M.A.S.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.J.W., J.L., F.N.S., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Mark A Subler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics (A.K., M.J., J.J.W., M.A.S.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - David Montefusco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Belinda Willard
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Laboratory Resource, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH (B.W.)
| | - Ali Javaheri
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (A.J.)
- St. Louis Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, MO (A.J.)
| | - Tytus Bernas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology (T.B.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Sushil K Mahata
- Veterans' Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, (S.K.M)
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (X.X.W., K.M., M.L.)
| | - Jinze Liu
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (C.C., J.L.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.J.W., J.L., F.N.S., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics (G.B., G.A.P.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (G.A.P.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute (G.A.P.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics (T.D., E.J.L.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
- Richmond Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, VA (E.J.L., L.A.C.)
| | - Fadi N Salloum
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.J.W., J.L., F.N.S., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Richmond, VA (A.G.M., J.T., Q.C., T.D., E.J.L., F.N.S.)
| | - L Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.V., Y.Y., J.A., J.D., D.M., E.J.L., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center (J.J.W., J.L., F.N.S., L.A.C.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
- Richmond Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, VA (E.J.L., L.A.C.)
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