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Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM, Green AJ, Bennett JL, Kim HJ, Pittock SJ, Fujihara K, Paul F, Cutter G, Marignier R, Aktas O, Hartung HP, She D, Smith M, Rees W, Patterson K, Cimbora D, Katz E, Cree BA. Attack adjudication in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Substantiation of criteria by magnetic resonance imaging and biomarkers in N-MOmentum. Mult Scler 2023:13524585231172145. [PMID: 37282545 PMCID: PMC10338695 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231172145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The N-MOmentum trial investigated safety and efficacy of inebilizumab in participants with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). OBJECTIVE Evaluate the attack identification process and adjudication committee (AC) performance in N-MOmentum. METHODS Adults (n = 230) with NMOSD and Expanded Disability Status Scale score ⩽8 were randomized (3:1) to inebilizumab 300 mg or placebo. The randomized controlled period was 28 weeks or until adjudicated attack. Attacks were adjudicated according to 18 predefined criteria. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biomarker (serum glial fibrillary acidic protein [sGFAP]) analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 64 participant-reported neurological events occurred; 51 (80%) were investigator-determined to be attacks. The AC confirmed 43 of the investigator-determined attacks (84%). There was high inter- and intra-AC-member agreement. In 25/64 events (39%) and 14/43 AC-adjudicated attacks (33%), MRI was reviewed during adjudication. Retrospective analysis revealed new domain-specific T1 and T2 MRI lesions in 90% of adjudicated attacks. Increased mean sGFAP concentrations (>2-fold change) from baseline were observed in 56% of adjudicated attacks versus 14% of investigator-determined attacks rejected by the AC and 31% of participant-reported events determined not to be attacks. CONCLUSION AC adjudication of NMOSD attacks according to predefined criteria appears robust. MRI lesion correlates and sGFAP elevations were found in most adjudicated attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ari J Green
- UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Bennett
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Programs in Neuroscience and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Sean J Pittock
- Department of Neurology, Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kazuo Fujihara
- Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University and Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Center, Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Department, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary Cutter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Romain Marignier
- Service de Neurologie Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de La Myéline et Neuro-Inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hartung
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany/Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia/ Department of Neurology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria/ Department of Neurology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dewei She
- Horizon Therapeutics plc, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce Ac Cree
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Sharquie IK, Gawwam GA, Abdullah SF. Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: A Surrogate Marker of the Activity of Multiple Sclerosis. Medeni Med J 2020; 35:212-218. [PMID: 33110673 PMCID: PMC7584269 DOI: 10.5222/mmj.2020.48265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with various clinical types. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is significantly elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients compared with that of healthy controls. The aim of this study is to evaluate serum levels of GFAP in relation to disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS patients and to compare them with those of healthy controls. Method This study involved 58 MS patients of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) type, 22 in an active stage of the disease and 36 in remission, and 50 healthy individuals as age- and sex-matched controls. Blood samples were taken from the patients at the MS Clinic of the Baghdad Teaching Hospital, and the serum levels of GFAP were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results Mean GFAP serum levels in 22 patients presenting in the active state of the disease (6.47±3.39 ng/ml) and 36 cases in remission were (5.33±2.82 ng/ml) (p=0.074) were determined as indicated. When RRMS patients (n=58) were compared with the healthy controls (n=50, 1.89±1.21), the difference in serum levels of GFAP was statistically significant (p<0.001). The area under the curve of the serum measures of GFAP obtained through the receiver operating characteristics was 0.903, which was also statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion GFAP biomarker is an indicator of disease activity in RRMS patients, and its serum level may correlate with the state of remission or exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas K Sharquie
- University of Baghdad, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gheyath Al Gawwam
- University of Baghdad, College of Medicine, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Department of Neurology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shatha F Abdullah
- University of Baghdad, College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Baghdad, Iraq
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