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D’Agosto S, Fiorini E, Pezzini F, Delfino P, Simbolo M, Vicentini C, Andreani S, Capelli P, Rusev B, Lawlor RT, Bassi C, Landoni L, Pea A, Luchini C, Scarpa A, Corbo V. Long-term organoid culture of a small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:999792. [PMID: 37082125 PMCID: PMC10112019 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.999792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare and highly heterogeneous neoplasms whose incidence has markedly increased over the last decades. A grading system based on the tumor cells' proliferation index predicts high-risk for G3 NETs. However, low-to-intermediate grade (G1/G2) NETs have an unpredictable clinical course that varies from indolent to highly malignant. Cultures of human cancer cells enable to perform functional perturbation analyses that are instrumental to enhance our understanding of cancer biology. To date, no tractable and reliable long-term culture of G1/G2 NET has been reported to permit disease modeling and pharmacological screens. Here, we report of the first long-term culture of a G2 metastatic small intestinal NET that preserves the main genetic drivers of the tumor and retains expression patterns of the endocrine cell lineage. Replicating the tissue, this long-term culture showed a low proliferation index, and yet it could be propagated continuously without dramatic changes in the karyotype. The model was readily available for pharmacological screens using targeted agents and as expected, showed low tumorigenic capacity in vivo. Overall, this is the first long-term culture of NETs to faithfully recapitulate many aspects of the original neuroendocrine tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D’Agosto
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Fiorini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Andreani
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Capelli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Integrata dell’Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav Rusev
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rita T. Lawlor
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassi
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Landoni
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Pancreas Institute, Department of Surgery, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Centre for Applied Research on Cancer (ARC-Net) Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vincenzo Corbo,
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Zhao JY, Zhuang H, Luo Y, Su MG, Xiong ML, Wu YT. Double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of a small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor: a case report of a recommendable imaging modality. Precis Clin Med 2020; 3:147-152. [PMID: 35692609 PMCID: PMC8985797 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 57-year-old male presenting with spontaneously relieved abdominal cramp and distension was admitted to the West China Hospital. The diagnosis remained unclear after colonoscopy and computed tomography. Double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was then performed and a neoplasm in the small intestine was suspected, supported by a thin-section computed tomography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography. This was confirmed pathologically after surgery to be a small intestinal G1 neuroendocrine tumor. Surgery was performed to remove approximately 25 cm of small bowel and a 3-cm solid mass located in the mesentery. The patient had a complete recovery and was tumor-free at the final follow-up. Small intestinal tumors including neuroendocrine tumors have always posed a diagnostic challenge. This case indicated that double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is feasible in detection of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors, and it may be an advisable approach assisting diagnosis of small intestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ying Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hua Zhuang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ming-Gang Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mo-Li Xiong
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37#Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Funamizu N, Nakabayashi Y, Dairaku K, Tomori K, Hiramoto Y, Kurihara K. Intestinal obstruction caused by primary adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the small intestine: A case report and review of the literature. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 10:235-238. [PMID: 30680200 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) arising from the ileum is an exceptionally rare malignant neoplasm exhibiting mixed glandular and squamous differentiation. The clinicopathological characteristics of ASCC have not been clearly determined due to its rarity. We herein report a case of a 74-year-old man with a successfully treated ASCC of the ileum. The patient visited a medical clinic due to abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography imaging revealed an intestinal tumor in the ileum. Prior to undergoing capsule endoscopy, the patient complained of severe abdominal pain due to intestinal obstruction from the patency capsule and the tumor. Thus, the patient was referred to our hospital for emergency surgery. Upon relieving the obstruction by partial resection of the ileum, an impacted patency capsule with a tumor with ulceration was identified. On histological examination, the tumor consisted of malignant glandular and squamous cell elements. The postoperative course was uneventful, without complications. The patient subsequently received adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and capecitabine for 6 months. The patient has no evidence of recurrence 20 months after surgery. To the best of our knowledge, only 8 cases of ASCC have been reported in the English literature to date. This case serves as an important reminder to consider small intestinal carcinoma, including ASCC, in the differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotake Funamizu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakabayashi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
| | - Katsushi Dairaku
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
| | - Kenta Tomori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiramoto
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
| | - Kazunao Kurihara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0833, Japan
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Li Z, Sun M, Song B, Shu Z. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by adult intussusception secondary to small intestinal tumors: Two case reports. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12053. [PMID: 30142859 PMCID: PMC6112951 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Adult intussusception is rarely observed, and the clinical manifestations are very atypical. The most common symptom is abdominal pain, while the incidence of hematochezia is relatively low. We report two cases of adult intussusception secondary to small intestinal tumors with gastrointestinal hemorrhage as the main symptom. PATIENT CONCERNS Two men aged 19 and 54 years were successively referred to our department due to intermittent hematochezia. The hemoglobin levels of the two patients declined progressively, and conservative treatment was ineffective. DIAGNOSES The first patient underwent an abdominal computed tomography angiography examination, which showed that the intestine and its mesentery were tortuous, suggesting an intra-abdominal hernia or intussusception. The second patient underwent an abdominal computed tomography examination, which suggested a high possibility of an intussusception. The two patients were diagnosed as adult intussusception caused by small intestinal tumors. INTERVENTIONS Emergency laparoscopic explorations were performed. Enteroenteric intussusceptions caused by ileal tumors were found during surgery. Reduction of the intussusceptions and resection of the ileal tumors were performed. OUTCOMES The patients recovered well after surgery, and postoperative pathology showed that the tumors were a vascular hamartoma polyp and a lipoma. LESSONS Adult intussusception is very rare, particularly with gastrointestinal hemorrhage as the main symptom. Isolated hamartoma polyp is a rare cause of intussusception in adults. The clinical manifestations of adult intussusception are very atypical, and thus, making a preoperative diagnosis is difficult. Abdominal CT or CTA is an effective diagnostic method for adult intussusception. For adult patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by intussusceptions, active surgery should be performed when conservative treatment is not effective. Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective treatment for adult intussusceptions caused by benign diseases.
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