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Lin J, Weng Y, Lin X, Qiu S, Huang Z, Pan C, Li Y, Kong KV, Zhang X, Feng S. Highly Efficient Blood Protein Analysis Using Membrane Purification Technique and Super-Hydrophobic SERS Platform for Precise Screening and Staging of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:2724. [PMID: 35957154 PMCID: PMC9370769 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Early screening and precise staging are crucial for reducing mortality in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to assess the performance of blood protein surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, combined with deep learning, for the precise detection of NPC. A highly efficient protein SERS analysis, based on a membrane purification technique and super-hydrophobic platform, was developed and applied to blood samples from 1164 subjects, including 225 healthy volunteers, 120 stage I, 249 stage II, 291 stage III, and 279 stage IV NPC patients. The proteins were rapidly purified from only 10 µL of blood plasma using the membrane purification technique. Then, the super-hydrophobic platform was prepared to pre-concentrate tiny amounts of proteins by forming a uniform deposition to provide repeatable SERS spectra. A total of 1164 high-quality protein SERS spectra were rapidly collected using a self-developed macro-Raman system. A convolutional neural network-based deep-learning algorithm was used to classify the spectra. An accuracy of 100% was achieved for distinguishing between the healthy and NPC groups, and accuracies of 96%, 96%, 100%, and 100% were found for the differential classification among the four NPC stages. This study demonstrated the great promise of SERS- and deep-learning-based blood protein testing for rapid, non-invasive, and precise screening and staging of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Youliang Weng
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Xueliang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-Nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Research Center for Photonics Technology, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362046, China
| | - Sufang Qiu
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Zufang Huang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Changbin Pan
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ying Li
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xianzeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shangyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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