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Ma CY, Zhai Y, Li CT, Liu J, Xu X, Chen H, Tse HF, Lian Q. Translating mesenchymal stem cell and their exosome research into GMP compliant advanced therapy products: Promises, problems and prospects. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:919-938. [PMID: 38095832 DOI: 10.1002/med.22002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the few stem cell types used in clinical practice as therapeutic agents for immunomodulation and ischemic tissue repair, due to their unique paracrine capacity, multiple differentiation potential, active components in exosomes, and effective mitochondria donation. At present, MSCs derived from tissues such as bone marrow and umbilical cord are widely applied in preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless, there remain challenges to the maintenance of consistently good quality MSCs derived from different donors or tissues, directly impacting their application as advanced therapy products. In this review, we discuss the promises, problems, and prospects associated with translation of MSC research into a pharmaceutical product. We review the hurdles encountered in translation of MSCs and MSC-exosomes from the research bench to an advanced therapy product compliant with good manufacturing practice (GMP). These difficulties include how to set up GMP-compliant protocols, what factors affect raw material selection, cell expansion to product formulation, establishment of quality control (QC) parameters, and quality assurance to comply with GMP standards. To avoid human error and reduce the risk of contamination, an automatic, closed system that allows real-time monitoring of QC should be considered. We also highlight potential advantages of pluripotent stem cells as an alternative source for MSC and exosomes generation and manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Yan Ma
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Zhai
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chung Tony Li
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Cord Blood Bank Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Shenzhen Hong Kong University Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Hong Kong-Guangdong Joint Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qizhou Lian
- Center for Translational Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Cord Blood Bank Centre, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Laurent A, Abdel-Sayed P, Scaletta C, Laurent P, Laurent E, Michetti M, de Buys Roessingh A, Raffoul W, Hirt-Burri N, Applegate LA. Back to the Cradle of Cytotherapy: Integrating a Century of Clinical Research and Biotechnology-Based Manufacturing for Modern Tissue-Specific Cellular Treatments in Switzerland. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8120221. [PMID: 34940374 PMCID: PMC8698568 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Empirically studied by Dr. Brown-Séquard in the late 1800s, cytotherapies were later democratized by Dr. Niehans during the twentieth century in Western Switzerland. Many local cultural landmarks around the Léman Riviera are reminiscent of the inception of such cell-based treatments. Despite the discreet extravagance of the remaining heirs of "living cell therapy" and specific enforcements by Swiss health authorities, current interest in modern and scientifically sound cell-based regenerative medicine has never been stronger. Respective progress made in bioengineering and in biotechnology have enabled the clinical implementation of modern cell-based therapeutic treatments within updated medical and regulatory frameworks. Notably, the Swiss progenitor cell transplantation program has enabled the gathering of two decades of clinical experience in Lausanne for the therapeutic management of cutaneous and musculoskeletal affections, using homologous allogeneic cell-based approaches. While striking conceptual similarities exist between the respective works of the fathers of cytotherapy and of modern highly specialized clinicians, major and important iterative updates have been implemented, centered on product quality and risk-analysis-based patient safety insurance. This perspective article highlights some historical similarities and major evolutive differences, particularly regarding product safety and quality issues, characterizing the use of cell-based therapies in Switzerland over the past century. We outline the vast therapeutic potential to be harnessed for the benefit of overall patient health and the importance of specific scientific methodological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Applied Research Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Manufacturing Department, TEC-PHARMA SA, 1038 Bercher, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
- DLL Bioengineering, Discovery Learning Program, STI School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Philippe Laurent
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Private Practice, Pharmacie du Gros-de-Vaud SA, 1038 Bercher, Switzerland;
| | - Elénie Laurent
- Private Practice, Pharmacie du Gros-de-Vaud SA, 1038 Bercher, Switzerland;
| | - Murielle Michetti
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Anthony de Buys Roessingh
- Children and Adolescent Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery Service, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.-S.); (C.S.); (M.M.); (N.H.-B.)
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lausanne Burn Center, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-21-314-35-10
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Klein AV, Hardy S, Lim R, Marshall DA. Regulatory Decision Making in Canada-Exploring New Frontiers in Patient Involvement. Value Health 2016; 19:730-733. [PMID: 27712698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.03.1855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent legislative amendments aim to enhance the transparency of the regulatory review processes about drugs, and provide public information about Health Canada's review decisions. There is also growing recognition of the value, with respect to regulatory benefit-risk assessment, of information that could be gathered from patients-the direct users of these products. Patients can provide unique insights into practical aspects of living with their disease and its treatments-as well as gaps in treatment needs. An enhanced understanding of patients' experiences and perspectives can contribute directly to better-informed decision making about these products by regulators. Health Canada is currently exploring and examining the most effective ways to collect and consider patient input in the evaluation of therapeutic products. As part of this process, Health Canada is assessing the suitability of other existing models through environmental scans, discussions with other health authorities, and pilot projects. Lessons learned from these models can inform best practices and opportunities for patient involvement when designing a model to meet Canada's needs and context. Health Canada launched a Patient Involvement Pilot Project in 2014 to simulate how input from patients, their caregivers, health care professionals, and patient groups could be collected and incorporated in the drug submission review process. This ongoing experience and continuous learning will define better how to incorporate patient input into benefit-risk assessment and regulatory decision making throughout the life cycle of therapeutic products in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes V Klein
- Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Hardy
- Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robyn Lim
- Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah A Marshall
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Zider A, Drakeman DL. The future of monoclonal antibody technology. MAbs 2010. [PMID: 20676053 PMCID: PMC3180083 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.2.4.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid growth of monoclonal antibody-based products, new technologies have emerged for creating modified forms of antibodies, including fragments, conjugates and multi-specific antibodies. We created a database of 450 therapeutic antibodies in development to determine which technologies and indications will constitute the "next generation" of antibody products. We conclude that the antibodies of the future will closely resemble the antibodies that have already been approved for commercial sale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zider
- Tufts University School of Medicine; Buckingham Gate, London UK
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