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Takeshita K, Ueno M, Fujii-Aikawa K, Okazaki S, Ohta Y, Ozawa T. Protective effects of 2-aminoethylthiosulfuric acid and structurally analogous organosulfur compounds against ionizing radiation. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:117-125. [PMID: 36936881 PMCID: PMC10017326 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
High efficacy and minimal toxicity radioprotectors are desirable options for the hazards posed by nuclear medical and energy technologies and the dangers presented by nuclear weapons in an unstable global situation. Although cysteamine is an effective radioprotector, it has considerable toxicity. In this study, the protective effects of the less toxic organosulfur compounds 2-aminoethylthiosulfate (AETS), thiotaurine (TTAU), and hypotaurine (HTAU) against X-ray damage in mice were compared with that of cysteamine. Intraperitoneal injection of either AETS or cysteamine (2.2 mmol/kg body weight) 30 min before X-ray irradiation (7.0 Gy) provided 100% survival for 30 days, limited the decrease in erythrocytes and neutrophils over 9 days, and reduced damage to bone marrow and spleen over 9 days. Neither TTAU nor HTAU provided any protection. In mice, 30 min after AETS administration, non-protein thiol content increased in the spleen, indicating cysteamine generation by AETS hydrolysis, the active protective species of AETS. All examined compounds scavenged •OH under diffusion control in aqueous solution, which is inconsistent with the difference in the protective effects among the compounds. The results indicate that AETS protects animals from ionizing radiation by several mechanisms, including scavenging •OH as cysteamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Takeshita
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Group, Department of Radiation Regulatory Science Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Megumi Ueno
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Group, Department of Radiation Regulatory Science Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujii-Aikawa
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shoko Okazaki
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Yuhei Ohta
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ozawa
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, lna-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
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