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Brown JA, Yonekubo Y, Hanson N, Sastre-Perona A, Basin A, Rytlewski JA, Dolgalev I, Meehan S, Tsirigos A, Beronja S, Schober M. TGF-β-Induced Quiescence Mediates Chemoresistance of Tumor-Propagating Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cell Stem Cell 2017; 21:650-664.e8. [PMID: 29100014 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are heterogeneous tumors sustained by tumor-propagating cancer cells (TPCs). SCCs frequently resist chemotherapy through still unknown mechanisms. Here, we combine H2B-GFP-based pulse-chasing with cell-surface markers to distinguish quiescent from proliferative TPCs within SCCs. We find that quiescent TPCs resist DNA damage and exhibit increased tumorigenic potential in response to chemotherapy, whereas proliferative TPCs undergo apoptosis. Quiescence is regulated by TGF-β/SMAD signaling, which directly regulates cell-cycle gene transcription to control a reversible G1 cell-cycle arrest, independent of p21CIP function. Indeed, genetic or pharmacological TGF-β inhibition increases the susceptibility of TPCs to chemotherapy because it prevents entry into a quiescent state. These findings provide direct evidence that TPCs can reversibly enter a quiescent, chemoresistant state and thereby underscore the need for combinatorial approaches to improve treatment of chemotherapy-resistant SCCs.
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Ignatius MS, Hayes MN, Lobbardi R, Chen EY, McCarthy KM, Sreenivas P, Motala Z, Durbin AD, Molodtsov A, Reeder S, Jin A, Sindiri S, Beleyea BC, Bhere D, Alexander MS, Shah K, Keller C, Linardic CM, Nielsen PG, Malkin D, Khan J, Langenau DM. The NOTCH1/SNAIL1/MEF2C Pathway Regulates Growth and Self-Renewal in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cell Rep 2018; 19:2304-2318. [PMID: 28614716 PMCID: PMC5563075 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-propagating cells (TPCs) share self-renewal properties with normal stem cells and drive continued tumor growth. However, mechanisms regulating TPC self-renewal are largely unknown, especially in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS)-a common pediatric cancer of muscle. Here, we used a zebrafish transgenic model of ERMS to identify a role for intracellular NOTCH1 (ICN1) in increasing TPCs by 23-fold. ICN1 expanded TPCs by enabling the de-differentiation of zebrafish ERMS cells into self-renewing myf5+ TPCs, breaking the rigid differentiation hierarchies reported in normal muscle. ICN1 also had conserved roles in regulating human ERMS self-renewal and growth. Mechanistically, ICN1 upregulated expression of SNAIL1, a transcriptional repressor, to increase TPC number in human ERMS and to block muscle differentiation through suppressing MEF2C, a myogenic differentiation transcription factor. Our data implicate the NOTCH1/SNAI1/MEF2C signaling axis as a major determinant of TPC self-renewal and differentiation in ERMS, raising hope of therapeutically targeting this pathway in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron S Ignatius
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center of Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute and Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Madeline N Hayes
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center of Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Riadh Lobbardi
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center of Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eleanor Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Karin M McCarthy
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute and Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Zainab Motala
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Adam D Durbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Aleksey Molodtsov
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sophia Reeder
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alexander Jin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sivasish Sindiri
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brian C Beleyea
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Deepak Bhere
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory, Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Matthew S Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Children's of Alabama and the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Khalid Shah
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles Keller
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, OR 97005, USA
| | - Corinne M Linardic
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Petur G Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center of Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children and Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Javed Khan
- Oncogenomics Section, Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David M Langenau
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Center of Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Brown JA, Schober M. Cellular quiescence: How TGFβ protects cancer cells from chemotherapy. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1413495. [PMID: 29487897 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2017.1413495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using a functional proliferation reporter we identified quiescent tumor propagating cancer cells (TPCs) in intact squamous cell carcinomas, and found that TGFβ signaling controls their reversible entry into a growth arrested state, which protects TPCs from chemotherapy. TPCs with compromised TGFβ/Smad signaling can't enter quiescence and subsequently die from chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie A Brown
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York, NY, USA.,New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Markus Schober
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, New York, NY, USA.,New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Wei Q, Tang YJ, Voisin V, Sato S, Hirata M, Whetstone H, Han I, Ailles L, Bader GD, Wunder J, Alman BA. Identification of CD146 as a marker enriched for tumor-propagating capacity reveals targetable pathways in primary human sarcoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40283-94. [PMID: 26517673 PMCID: PMC4741895 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-propagating cells (TPCs) are believed to drive cancer initiation, progression and recurrence. These cells are characterized by enhanced tumorigenicity and self-renewal. The ability to identify such cells in primary human sarcomas relies on the dye exclusion ability of tumor side population (SP) cells. Here, we performed a high-throughput cell surface antigen screen and found that CD146 is enriched in the SP population. In vivo serial transplantation assays showed that CD146+ cells are highly tumorigenic, capable of self-renewal and thus enriches for the TPC population. In addition, depletion of SP cells from the CD146+ population show that CD146+ cells and SP cells are a distinct and overlapping TPC populations. Gene expression profiling of CD146+ and SP cells revealed multiple pathways commonly upregulated in both of these populations. Inhibition of one of these upregulated pathways, Notch signaling, significantly reduced tumor growth and self-renewal. Our data demonstrate that CD146 is an effective cell surface marker for enriching TPCs in primary human sarcomas. Targeting differentially activated pathways in TPCs may provide new therapeutic strategies for treating sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Wei
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuning J Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shingo Sato
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Whetstone
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ilkyu Han
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jay Wunder
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University Musculoskeletal Oncology Unit, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin A Alman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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