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Kretschmer R, Franz I, de Souza MS, Garnero ADV, Gunski RJ, de Oliveira EHC, O’Connor RE, Griffin DK, de Freitas TRO. Cytogenetic Evidence Clarifies the Phylogeny of the Family Rhynchocyclidae (Aves: Passeriformes). Cells 2021; 10:2650. [PMID: 34685630 PMCID: PMC8534115 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of Rhynchocyclidae (Aves: Passeriformes) have been the subject of debate since their first description. In most models, Rhynchocyclidae represents a subfamily-level taxon placed within the Tyrant Flycatchers (Tyrannidae). Considering that this classification does not include cytotaxonomic characters, we tested the hypothesis that the chromosome organization of Rhynchocyclidae members differs from that of Tyrannidae. Hence, we selected two species, Tolmomyias sulphurescens, and Pitangus sulphuratus, representing Rhynchocyclidae and Tyrannidae, respectively. Results revealed a diploid number (2n) of 60 in T. sulphurescens and 2n = 80 in P. sulphuratus, indicating significant chromosomal differences. Chromosome mapping of Gallus gallus (GGA) and Taeniopygia guttata bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) corresponding to chromosomes GGA1-28 (except 16) revealed that the genome evolution of T. sulphurescens involved extensive chromosome fusions of macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. On the other hand, P. sulphuratus retained the ancestral pattern of organization of macrochromosomes (except the centric fission involving GGA1) and microchromosomes. In conclusion, comparing our results with previous studies in Tyrant Flycatchers and allies indicates that P. sulphuratus has similar karyotypes to other Tyrannidae members. However, T. sulphurescens does not resemble the Tyrannidae family, reinforcing family status to the clade named Rhynchocyclidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Kretschmer
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (R.K.); (R.E.O.)
- Laboratório de Citogenética e Evolução, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil;
| | - Ismael Franz
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Santos de Souza
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel 97300-162, RS, Brazil; (M.S.d.S.); (A.D.V.G.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Analía Del Valle Garnero
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel 97300-162, RS, Brazil; (M.S.d.S.); (A.D.V.G.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Ricardo José Gunski
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel 97300-162, RS, Brazil; (M.S.d.S.); (A.D.V.G.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, SAMAM, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Rebecca E. O’Connor
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (R.K.); (R.E.O.)
| | - Darren K. Griffin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; (R.K.); (R.E.O.)
| | - Thales Renato Ochotorena de Freitas
- Laboratório de Citogenética e Evolução, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil;
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